Pakistan Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission

About: Pakistan Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission is a government organization based out in Karachi, Pakistan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Glacier & Ultimate tensile strength. The organization has 186 authors who have published 156 publications receiving 2525 citations.

Third Pole Environment (TPE)

Abstract: The Tibetan Plateau and surrounding mountains represent one of the largest ice masses of the Earth. The region, referred to by scientists as the Third Pole, covering 5 million km2 with an average elevation of >4000 m and including more than 100,000 km2 of glaciers, is the most sensitive and readily visible indicator of climate change. The area also demonstrates considerable feedbacks to global environmental changes. The unique interactions among the atmosphere, cryosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere on the Third Pole ensure permanent flow of Asia's major rivers, thus significantly influencing social and economic development of China, India, Nepal, Tajikistan, Pakistan, Afghanistan and Bhutan where a fifth of the world's population lives. Like Antarctica and the Arctic, a series of observations and monitoring activities in the Third Pole region have been widely implemented. Yet for a comprehensive understanding of the Third Pole, current observational resources need to be integrated and perfected, and research goals and approaches need to be updated and identified. The Third Pole Environment (TPE) program aims to attract relevant research institutions and academic talents to focus on a theme of ‘water–ice–air–ecosystem–human’ interactions, to reveal environmental change processes and mechanisms on the Third Pole and their influences on and responses to global changes, and thus to serve for enhancement of human adaptation to the changing environment and realization of human–nature harmony.

Mechanical Characterization and FE Modelling of a Hyperelastic Material

Abstract: The aim of research work is to characterize hyperelastic material and to determine a suitable strain energy function (SEF) for an indigenously developed rubber to be used in flexible joint use for thrust vectoring of solid rocket motor. In order to evaluate appropriate SEF uniaxial and volumetric tests along with equi-biaxial and planar shear tests were conducted. Digital image correlation (DIC) technique was utilized to have strain measurements for biaxial and planar specimens to input stress-strain data in Abaqus®. Yeoh model seems to be right choice, among the available material models, because of its ability to match experimental stress-strain data at small and large strain values. Quadlap specimen test was performed to validate material model fitted from test data. FE simulations were carried out to verify the behavior as predicted by Yeoh model and results are found to be in good agreement with the experimental data.

Experimental investigation of in-plane and out-of-plane crushing of aluminum honeycomb

Abstract: In-plane and out-of-plane crushing properties of the honeycomb core were investigated experimentally and with Digital Image Correlation. The out-of-plane direction of the core was found as the strongest direction which absorbed significant amount of energy during deformation. The ribbon direction was found two times stronger as compared to the transverse direction. Local deformation response in in-plane crushing was analyzed with Digital Image Correlation. It was found that the local plastic strain in the core was mainly in the shear band regime. Additionally, the local plastic strain was found higher as compared to the global stress level. The combination of experimental and Digital Image Correlation results worked excellently well in the determination of global and local deformation mechanism of the honeycomb core.