Showing papers by "Panasonic published in 1998"

Efficient elliptic curve exponentiation using mixed coordinates

Abstract: Elliptic curve cryptosystems, proposed by Koblitz ([12]) and Miller ([16]), can be constructed over a smaller field of definition than the ElGamal cryptosystems ([6]) or the RSA cryptosystems ([20]) This is why elliptic curve cryptosystems have begun to attract notice In this paper, we investigate efficient elliptic curve exponentiation We propose a new coordinate system and a new mixed coordinates strategy, which significantly improves on the number of basic operations needed for elliptic curve exponentiation

Hand gesture recognizing device

Abstract: A hand gesture recognizing device is provided which can correctly recognize hand gestures at high speed without requiring users to be equipped with tools. A gesture of a user is stereoscopically filmed by a photographing device 1 and then stored in an image storage device 2. A feature image extracting device 3 transforms colors of the stereoscopic image data read from the image storage device 2 in accordance with color transformation tables created by a color transformation table creating device 13, and disassembles and outputs the feature image of the user in corresponding channels. A spatial position calculating device 4 calculates spatial positions of feature parts of the user by utilizing parallax of the feature image outputted from the feature image extracting device 4. A region dividing device 5 defines the space around the user with spatial region codes. A hand gesture detecting device 6 detects how the hands of the user move in relation to the spatial region codes. A category is detected first on the basis of the detected hand gesture, and then a sign language word in that category is specified.

Mobile electronic commerce system

Abstract: A system that realizes an electronic commerce with an excellent level of safety and convenience. An electronic wallet (100) receives, through radio communications, installing of electronic tickets, electronic prepaid cards and electronic phonecards from a service providing means (110) of electronic commerce. By using these cards and tickets, the user receives goods, services and necessary permissions therefor from a supplier of goods and services. At this time, the user settles accounts by communicating with the terminals of the suppliers (101, 102, 103, 104, 105). The data for the account settling is sent from a supplier to the service providing means, where it is managed. Individual cards have, in addition to the portion to be shown to the supplier, a program portion for supporting transactions specific to the type of the card and a certificate portion indicating that the card has been registered for use. This system facilitates the acquisition of cards regardless of their locations and assures quick and accurate account settling.

Ink jet head

Abstract: An ink-jet head which is used in an ink-jet recorder and has outlets provided at high density The head comprises ink outlets, a pressure chamber communicating with the ink outlets, and a piezoelectric vibrating section which includes a piezoelectric film containing Pb, Ti and Zr and electrodes provided on both sides of the piezoelectric film, and is installed in a part of the pressure chamber The piezoelectric film consists of a 1st layer and a 2nd layer which have the Perovskite structures respectively and are in contact with each other The 1st layer does not contain Zr or contains Zr with a content less than the content of Zr in the 2nd layer

Organic electroluminescent device having a protective covering comprising organic and inorganic layers

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent device comprises an electroluminescent unit having an organic layer structure provided between a pair of electrodes and capable of emitting light on application of a voltage thereto. The electroluminescent unit is covered with a protective double layer made of an organic barrier layer and an inorganic barrier layer formed on the unit in this order.

Ultrafast dynamics of nonequilibrium electrons in a gold nanoparticle system

Abstract: Transient absorption spectra were measured to investigate the nonlinear response of a gold nanoparticle system by the femtosecond pump-probe method We obtained temporal changes of electron temperatures and effective damping constants by fitting transient absorption spectra with Mie scattering theory In the ultrafast region, the nonlinear response originates mainly from the hot electron system which is heated by the incident pump pulse It is noteworthy that the lattice temperature plays an important role even in the first step of the nonlinear response through the change of the effective damping constant In the long-time-scale region, over 10 ps, both the electron and the lattice temperatures contribute to the nonlinear response comparably The origin of the effective damping constant is also discussed with the surface scattering and the $e\ensuremath{-}p$scattering processes

Window display device with a three-dimensional orientation of windows

Abstract: A storage unit 5102 stores image data for a window, and a three-dimensional position calculating unit 5104 calculates a position for the window in a virtual three-dimensional space so that it appears to be at a position inclined in the depth direction. A perspective projection unit 5106 transforms image data so that a window positioned at the calculated coordinates is projected onto a screen in perspective, taking a point in front of the screen as a viewpoint. A frame memory unit 5107 holds image data for the window on which perspective projection has been performed, and a display unit 5108 displays the window on the screen.

Mounting system for installing an array of solar battery modules of a panel-like configuration on a roof

Abstract: A mounting system that is capable of effectively draining the rainwater off the roof, while enabling easy installation of the solar battery modules The mounting system is adapted to install on the roof an array of the solar battery modules each of a panel-like configuration with a rectangular frame The system includes a plurality of vertical rails which are secured to the roof and extend along a roof sloping direction towards eaves from a ridge of the roof for holding the solar battery modules between a laterally spaced pair of the vertical rails in a spaced relation from a roof sheathing Each of the vertical rails is formed on opposite sides thereof respectively with stepped shoulders which extend the full length of the vertical rail for supporting thereon the frame of the laterally adjoining solar battery modules The vertical rail is further formed on opposite sides thereof with respective trough sections which extend the full length of the vertical rail and are disposed below and outwardly of the corresponding stepped shoulders for receiving the rainwater sneaking along the frame Thus, the rainwater is effectively prohibited from reaching the roof sheathing and advancing through the roof into interior of the house

Efficient Elliptic Curve Exponentiation Using Mixed Coordinates

Abstract: Elliptic curve cryptosystems, proposed by Koblitz ([12]) and Miller ([16]), can be constructed over a smaller field of definition than the ElGamal cryptosystems ([6]) or the RSA cryptosystems ([20]). This is why elliptic curve cryptosystems have begun to attract notice. In this paper, we investigate efficient elliptic curve exponentiation. We propose a new coordinate system and a new mixed coordinates strategy, which significantly improves on the number of basic operations needed for elliptic curve exponentiation.

Circuit component built-in module and method for producing the same

Abstract: A circuit component built-in module of the present invention includes an insulating substrate formed of a mixture comprising 70 wt % to 95 wt % of an inorganic filler and a thermosetting resin, a plurality of wiring patterns formed on at least a principal plane of the insulating substrate, a circuit component arranged in an internal portion of the insulating substrate and electrically connected to the wiring patterns, and an inner via formed in the insulating substrate for electrically connecting the plurality of wiring patterns. Thus, a highly reliable circuit component built-in module having high-density circuit components can be obtained.

Method and apparatus using decision trees to generate and score multiple pronunciations for a spelled word

Abstract: The mixed decision tree includes a network of yes-no questions about adjacent letters in a spelled word sequence and also about adjacent phonemes in the phoneme sequence corresponding to the spelled word sequence. Leaf nodes of the mixed decision tree provide information about which phonetic transcriptions are most probable. Using the mixed trees, scores are developed for each of a plurality of possible pronunciations, and these scores can be used to select the best pronunciation as well as to rank pronunciations in order of probability. The pronunciations generated by the system can be used in speech synthesis and speech recognition applications as well as lexicography applications.

Method and apparatus for searching a route

Abstract: In areas where composite intersection traffic regulation exits, nodes and links for use in the conventional network are separated into a plurality of nodes and links, respectively. For example, one node is separated into N1a to N1c, and one link is separated into L1a to L1c. Then, the whole road network is represented by separating the network into a road network (L1a, L2a, L3a, L4a, L5a, N1a, N2a) in view of entering links (L1a, L3a) which the composite intersection traffic regulation does not affect, and road networks α (L1b, L2b, L3b, L4b, N1b, N2b) and β (L1c, L2c, L3c, L5c, N1c, N2c) in view of entering links (L4b, L5c) which the composite intersection traffic regulation affects, and one-way traffic regulations are set on suitable links to allow representation of the composite intersection transfer regulation. Use of such map data enables selection compliant with the composite intersection traffic regulation without specific processing at the time of search processing.

System for developing word-pronunciation pairs

Abstract: An editing tool is provided for developing word-pronunciation pairs based on a spelled word input. The editing tool includes a transcription generator that receives the spelled word input from the user and generates a list of suggested phonetic transcriptions. The editor displays the list of suggested phonetic transcriptions to the user and provides a mechanism for selecting the desired pronunciation from the list of suggested phonetic transcriptions. The editing tool further includes a speech recognizer to aid the user in selecting the desired pronunciation from the list of suggested phonetic transcriptions based on speech data input that corresponds to the spelled word input, and a syllable editor that enables the user to manipulate a syllabic part of a selected pronunciation. Lastly, the desired pronunciation can be tested at any point through the use of a text-to-speech synthesizer that generates audible speech data for the selected phonetic transcription.

Crystal structure of troponin C in complex with troponin I fragment at 2.3-Å resolution

Abstract: Troponin (Tn), the complex of three subunits (TnC, TnI, and TnT), plays a key role in Ca2+-dependent regulation of muscle contraction. To elucidate the interactions between the Tn subunits and the conformation of TnC in the Tn complex, we have determined the crystal structure of TnC (two Ca2+ bound state) in complex with the N-terminal fragment of TnI (TnI1–47). The structure was solved by the single isomorphous replacement method in combination with multiple wavelength anomalous dispersion data. The refinement converged to a crystallographic R factor of 22.2% (Rfree = 32.6%). The central, connecting α-helix observed in the structure of uncomplexed TnC (TnCfree) is unwound at the center (residues Ala-87, Lys-88, Gly-89, Lys-90, and Ser-91) and bent by 90°. As a result, TnC in the complex has a compact globular shape with direct interactions between the N- and C-terminal lobes, in contrast to the elongated dumb-bell shaped molecule of uncomplexed TnC. The 31-residue long TnI1–47 α-helix stretches on the surface of TnC and stabilizes its compact conformation by multiple contacts with both TnC lobes. The amphiphilic C-end of the TnI1–47 α-helix is bound in the hydrophobic pocket of the TnC C-lobe through 38 van der Waals interactions. The results indicate the major difference between Ca2+ receptors integrated with the other proteins (TnC in Tn) and isolated in the cytosol (calmodulin). The TnC/TnI1–47 structure implies a mechanism of how Tn regulates the muscle contraction and suggests a unique α-helical regulatory TnI segment, which binds to the N-lobe of TnC in its Ca2+ bound conformation.

Video-on-demand system capable of performing a high-speed playback at a correct speed

Abstract: A video server apparatus is provided with a stream control section which determines a keyframe readout interval and a keyframe playback interval that satisfy a playback speed designated by a terminal apparatus. The video server apparatus transmits data of the thus-determined keyframe playback interval to the terminal apparatus. The video server apparatus reads out keyframes of a stored bit stream from at the thus-determined keyframe readout interval, and transmits a stream including the read-out keyframes to the terminal apparatus. The terminal apparatus decodes and displays the transmitted stream at the received keyframe playback interval. This system can correctly perform a playback at an arbitrary speed that is designated by the terminal apparatus.

Optical disc, recording apparatus, and computer-readable recording medium

Abstract: An optical disc including: a data area storing one or more video objects; and a time map area storing time map information. Each video object includes a plurality of video object units. The time map information includes a first time table and a second time table for each video object. Each first time table includes: addresses of video object units in a corresponding video object; and indicators. The addresses are arranged in order and indicate storage positions of the video object units that correspond to reproduction points that differ by a predetermined time unit. The predetermined time unit is longer than a maximum reproduction period of a video object unit. The indicators specify the video object units which respectively correspond to the addresses. Each second time table includes an entry for each video object unit in the corresponding video object. The entries are arranged in order. Each second time table includes a reproduction period and a data size of each video object unit.

Dimensionality reduction for speaker normalization and speaker and environment adaptation using eigenvoice techniques

Abstract: A set of speaker dependent models or adapted models is trained upon a comparatively large number of training speakers, one model per speaker, and model parameters are extracted in a predefined order to construct a set of supervectors, one per speaker. Dimensionality reduction is then performed on the set of supervectors to generate a set of eigenvectors that define an eigenvoice space. If desired, the number of vectors may be reduced to achieve data compression. Thereafter, a new speaker provides adaptation data from which a supervector is constructed by constraining this supervector to be in the eigenvoice space based on a maximum likelihood estimation. The resulting coefficients in the eigenspace of this new speaker may then be used to construct a new set of model parameters from which an adapted model is constructed for that speaker. The adapted model may then be further adapted via MAP, MLLR, MLED or the like. The eigenvoice technique may be applied to MLLR transformation matrices or the like; Bayesian estimation performed in eigenspace uses prior knowledge about speaker space density to refine the estimate about the location of a new speaker in eigenspace.

Method and apparatus for producing program information and receiving apparatus for processing the program information

Abstract: A program information storing section stores program information including program name, program start time, and channel discriminating information. A program information search section searches the program information stored in the program information storing section according to designated search conditions and produces personalized program information resulting from the search. A program guide display section displays a program guide including a personal channel consisting of the resultant program information. Thus, the receiving apparatus allows users to display their personal channels.

Layout designing apparatus for integrated circuit, transistor size determining apparatus, circuit characteristic evaluating method, and transistor size determining method

Abstract: The present invention realizes the optimization of a transistor size with higher precision and in a shorter time, in designing a layout for an integrated circuit. A diffusion sharing estimation section estimates a diffusion-sharing region in the layout of the integrated circuit based on circuit data. A circuit characteristic evaluation section evaluates the characteristics, such as area, delay and power consumption, of the integrated circuit in accordance with the information about the diffusion-sharing region estimated by the diffusion sharing estimation section. A transistor size optimization section sets various size candidates for each of the transistors, which constitute the integrated circuit, provides these size candidates to the diffusion sharing estimation section and the circuit characteristic evaluation section, and then selects an optimum transistor size from the transistor size candidates thus set in accordance with the evaluation results obtained by the circuit characteristic evaluation section. Thus, a transistor size can be determined while taking the diffusion sharing into consideration. In addition, unlike a conventional method, it is no longer necessary to repeatedly re-determine a transistor size and perform a compaction.

Method for plasma processing

Abstract: A plasma processing method includes controlling a pressure of an interior of a vacuum chamber to a specified pressure by exhausting the interior of the vacuum chamber while supplying gas into the interior of vacuum chamber. While the pressure of the interior of the vacuum chamber is being controlled, high-frequency power is supplied to one end of a first conductor which is opened at another end, and which is configured as a vortex. Also, grounding one end of a second conductor which is opened at another end and which is configured as a vortex. Finally, electromagnetic waves from the first conductor and the second conductor radiate into the vacuum chamber, generating plasma in the vacuum chamber and processing a substrate placed on an electrode within the vacuum chamber.

Distributed internet protocol-based real-time multimedia streaming architecture

Abstract: Multiple media push engines communicate with the multimedia client through a multi casting network that may incorporate multiple delivery paths. The streaming data representing media selections for delivery are distributed across multiple media push engines using a non-hierarchial coding technique in which the data are represented as a set of substream components, capable of being reconstituted from fewer than all of the components of the original data stream. The higher the number of components used in reconstitution, the higher the quality of service is provided by the reconstituted stream. Admission control to the group multicast session is administered in a distributed fashion, where an admission control unit opens the multicast stream, with all subsequent admission control decisions being made by the media push engines themselves. Substream component data are sent using Real-Time transport protocol while session management and the distributed admission control process are administered under the Real-Time Control Protocol.

Led luminaire with light control means

Abstract: An LED luminaire is formed such that a plurality of LED chips are disposed three-dimensionally on an MID (molded interconnection device) substrate in a rectangular plate shape, by mounting three LED chips on bottom face of respective dents provided lengthwise and crosswise in one surface of the MID substrate, the LED chips including at least two types mutually diffferent in luminous color, desirably three types of red, blue and green colors. Any optional light distribution characteristic is made thereby easily obtainable depending on a configuration of the substrate, luminaire module can be thinned, and such delicate color difference as white color and day-light color of luminescent lamps is enabled by mixing the luminous colors of the respective LED chips.

Message service system that provides flexible route control and user interface adaption

Abstract: A message transfer service system comprising a data base for managing an address record for each user, message servers and clients served by the servers. Address data with which a recipient can be identified is used as a destination address. If there is only one address in an address record of the recipient, a message is sent to the address. If the address record contains a plurality of addresses, the addresses are sorted in order of priority based on destination specifying information, which may be registered in the address record by the recipient or specified by the sender. In this case, the message is sent to the highest-priority address. The format of message is converted according to the kind of terminal identified by the highest-priority address, if necessary. The server can execute a script received with a message. The server can generate a user interface by using interface components stored therein on the basis of application setting information.

Device and method for smoothing picture signal, device and method for encoding picture and device and method for decoding picture

Abstract: A great decrease of a step, i.e., block distortion, of such as unnatural, abnormal or artifact brightness and color, on a block boundary, leads to much visual improvement of picture quality. Against a picture that has been encoded and decoded by block, the smoothing filter characteristics is changed according to quantizing parameter, block activity of a decoded picture, the activity of each pixel of the decoded picture, and the position with respect to a block boundary of a pixel. A smoothing filter utilizes a weighted mean whose weight is the inverse number of a difference between a target pixel and its surrounding pixels. The weighted mean is obtained by adding a certain number to a weight before taking its inverse number. The value to be added is controlled by the parameter. Similarly, the mixing ratio of a pixel value after performing the smoothing filter and a decoded pixel value is changed depending on the parameter. A filter having strong edge preserving property is utilized for the inside of a block, and a filter having weak edge preserving property is utilized for a block boundary. A filter having edge preserving property is utilized for the post/loop filter.

Method and apparatus for removing noise in still and moving pictures

Abstract: A method for filtering a blocky noise, as well as ring and mosquito noise, from still and moving pictures is disclosed. The method has the steps for locating a block boundary in the picture and selecting pixels on one side of the block boundary as a first group and pixels on the other side of the block boundary as a second group, calculating mean values (m1, m2) and deviation (c1, c2) of the pixels in each of the first and second groups, detecting whether or not the deviations (c1, c2) are smaller than a predetermined threshold value (T2), applying a first predetermined filtering (equations (5), (6)) when the deviations (c1, c2) are not smaller than a predetermined threshold value (T2); and applying a second predetermined filtering (equations (7), (8)) when the deviations (c1, c2) are smaller than a predetermined threshold value (T2).

Optical disk, reproduction apparatus, and reproduction method

Abstract: An optical disk includes: a data region; and a management region. The data region stores: at least one video object containing video information and audio information; and at least one audio object containing audio information. The management region stores first path information and second path information, the first path information indicating a first reproduction path including only the at least one video object, and the second path information indicating a second reproduction path including a combination of the at least one video object and the at least one audio object.

Permanent magnet synchronous motor

Abstract: A rotor structure for a permanent magnet synchronous motor having a concentrated winding stator structure, characterized in that slits (13) provided in the cross-section of a rotor which is laminated in the direction of the rotary shaft are arcuate or bow-shaped with their projections directed to the outer peripheral side of the rotor (12), with permanent magnets (14) inserted in the slits (13); as compared with the conventional rotor structure, the magnetic salient-pole is reduced, providing a low-loss high-efficiency motor with a core having a reduced magnetic flux density.

Hdtv downconversion system

Abstract: A video decoder compliant with the Advanced Television Systems Standard (ATSC) includes circuitry which decodes an ATSC encoded image and employs a downconversion process to produce a standard definition video signal. The video decoder includes a frequency-domain filter to reduce the resolution of the ATSC encoded signal. The video decoder downconversion system also includes a formatting section having vertical and horizontal filters, as well as resampling processing, to format the decoded and downconverted video image for a particular display and aspect ratio. The decoder senses the display format of the encoded video signal and changes the processing provided by the decoder to produce a standard definition output signal regardless of the display format of the encoded input signal. The system also includes a format converter which may be programmed to use a plurality of methods to convert the aspect ratio of the input signal for display on a display device having a different aspect ratio. In one mode, the system sequences through the possible methods to allow the user to select one method.

Semiconductor substrate, semiconductor device and method of manufacturing the same

Abstract: A sapphire substrate, a buffer layer of undoped GaN and a compound semiconductor crystal layer successively formed on the sapphire substrate together form a substrate of a light emitting diode. A first cladding layer of n-type GaN, an active layer of undoped In 0.2 Ga 0.8 N and a second cladding layer successively formed on the compound semiconductor crystal layer together form a device structure of the light emitting diode. On the second cladding layer, a p-type electrode is formed, and on the first cladding layer, an n-type electrode is formed. In a part of the sapphire substrate opposing the p-type electrode, a recess having a trapezoidal section is formed, so that the thickness of an upper portion of the sapphire substrate above the recess can be substantially equal to or smaller than the thickness of the compound semiconductor crystal layer.

Structure and switching of bacterial flagellar filaments studied by X-ray fiber diffraction

Abstract: Structure and switching of bacterial flagellar filaments studied by X-ray fiber diffraction