Paris West University Nanterre La Défense

About: Paris West University Nanterre La Défense is a education organization based out in Paris, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Finite element method. The organization has 895 authors who have published 1430 publications receiving 21712 citations.

Dual-Layer EBG Structures for Low-Profile ``Bent'' Monopole Antennas

Abstract: We propose in this paper the design, realization and experimental characterization of a low-proflle metamaterial \bent" monopole antenna with a total height of 0.027‚0 and a fractional bandwidth of 24.4% around 1.3GHz. The metamaterial (MTM) structure is a dual-layer mushroom-like electromagnetic band gap (DL- EBG) conceived and optimized to improve the antenna's operating bandwidth. Moreover, a \Sabre-Type" antenna composed by two identical \bent" monopole metamaterial antennas placed on both sides of a composite thin slab material has been simulated and realized. The \sabre" antenna provides a vertically polarization and omnidirectional radiation patterns in the elevation plane while its radiation patterns are almost directional in the azimuth plane. A maximum gain of 8.7dB is obtained by measurement at 1.45GHz. A remarkable agreement is obtained between the measured and the simulated results.

Residential integration: towards a sending country perspective

Abstract: This chapter explores the key issues relating to how housing integration might be understood and further researched from a “country of origin” perspective. Residential integration is a key and perhaps even foundational dimension of the integration of migrants and minorities. Residential integration includes two key elements: the nature and quality of the housing that minorities occupy, assessed in terms of factors such as tenure, overcrowding and disrepair; and the patterns of migrant residence in receiving societies, including clustering or its absence. Residential integration in the second sense is usually seen as opposite to residential segregation, although, as we shall see below, segregation itself is defined in multiple ways, in terms of uneven distribution of settlement and low chances of inter-ethnic contact, as well as concentration, centralization and clustering. “Clustering” itself is a more neutral term, referring to the propensity of specific groups to live together, rather than to their separation from other groups.

Matched and Mismatched Estimation of Kronecker Product of Linearly Structured Scatter Matrices Under Elliptical Distributions

Abstract: The estimation of covariance matrices is a core problem in many modern adaptive signal processing applications. For matrix- and array-valued data, e.g., MIMO communication, EEG/MEG (time versus channel), the covariance matrix of vectorized data may belong to the non-convex set of Kronecker product structure. In addition, the Kronecker factors can also exhibit an additional linear structure. Taking this prior knowledge into account during the estimation process drastically reduces the amount of unknown parameters, and then improves the estimation accuracy. On the other hand, the broad class of complex elliptically symmetric distributions, as well as the related complex angular elliptical distribution, are particularly suited to model heavy-tailed multivariate data. In this context, we first establish novel robust estimators of scatter and shape matrices (both related to a covariance matrix), having a Kronecker product structure with linearly structured Kronecker factors. Then, we conduct a theoretical analysis of their asymptotic performance (i.e., consistency, asymptotic distribution and efficiency), in matched and mismatched scenarios, i.e., when misspecifications between the true and assumed models occur. Finally, numerical results illustrate the theoretical analysis and assess the usefulness of the proposed estimators.

Le développement des petites activités à Antananarivo: L'exemple d'un processus involutif

Abstract: Using original data, the author analyses the expansion of the informal sector as a response to economic crisis and to the decline of large-scale enterprises in a contracting urban market. Contrasting the industrial and the artisanal sectors, the author demonstrates how a decline in the overall productivity of labour induces the development of substitute craft transformation. Results from the author's survey (carried out with Guy Pourcet) are presented. The highly organized structure of the transportation sector, based on urban and rural networks, represents a response to the crisis in the urban transportation system of Tananarive. While functioning within specific markets, these networks also partially take the place of mechanized modes of transportation; in this sense, an involutive process is occurring.

Perspectives on Applied Spatial Analysis to Animal Health A Case of Rodents in Thailand

Abstract: Geographic information systems (GIS) and remote sensing have been increasingly used in ecology and epidemiology, providing a spatial approach for animal health issues. Recent development of earth environmental satellites—i.e., their growing number, improving sensor resolutions and capabilities—has offered new opportunities to delineate possible habitats and understand animals and associated parasites in their environment, by identifying the nature and structure of land use, hydrological network, soil hydromorphy, and human settlements. Inte- grated into GIS, remotely sensed and other geo-referenced data allow both spatial and temporal analyses of animal ecology and health. How- ever, a review of their applications has showed the poor quality of data sources and processing used, revealing limitations between theory and practical implementations. As an example, the assessment of the ex- pected distribution of Bandicoot rats, main agricultural pest and vector of zoonoses in Phrae province (North Thailand), illustrates a rational use of spatial analysis, with the choice of relevant data, scales, and pro- cessing. Vegetation indices are computed on a TERRA ASTER image and further classified using elevation data. The biotopes of Bandicota indica and Bandicota savilei are delimited, providing a major source of knowledge for rodent and human health analyses.