Paris West University Nanterre La Défense

About: Paris West University Nanterre La Défense is a education organization based out in Paris, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Finite element method. The organization has 895 authors who have published 1430 publications receiving 21712 citations.

Non‐Local Reconfigurable Sparse Metasurface: Efficient Near‐Field and Far‐Field Wavefront Manipulations (Advanced Optical Materials 4/2021)

Abstract: and far-field wavefront manipulations Vladislav Popov1,∗ Badreddine Ratni, Shah Nawaz Burokur2,† and Fabrice Boust1,3‡ SONDRA, CentraleSupélec, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France LEME, UPL, Univ Paris Nanterre, F92410 Ville d’Avray, France and DEMR, ONERA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91123, Palaiseau, France Abstract In recent years, metasurfaces have shown extremely powerful abilities for manipulation of electromagnetic waves. However, the local electromagnetic response of conventional metasurfaces yields to an intrinsic performance limitation in terms of efficiency, minimizing their implementation in real-life applications. The efficiency of reconfigurable metasurfaces further decreases because of the high density of meta-atoms, reaching 74 meta-atoms per λ2 area, incorporating lossy tunable elements. To address these problems, we implement strong electromagnetic non-local features in a sparse metasurface composed of electronically reconfigurable meta-atoms. As a proof-of-concept demonstration, a dynamic sparse metasurface having as few as 8 meta-atoms per λ2 area is experimentally realized in the microwave domain to control wavefronts in both near-field and far-field regions for focusing and beam-forming, respectively. The proposed metasurface with its sparsity not only facilitates design and fabrication, but also opens the door to high-efficiency real-time reprogrammable functionalities in beam manipulations, wireless power transfer and imaging holography.

Le cénacle à l’épreuve du roman

Abstract: Les auteurs proposent de confronter deux oeuvres et deux modes de textualisation du cenacle, considere comme la forme typique de sociabilite litteraire au xixe siecle Il s’agit d’abord du « Cenacle de la rue des Quatre-Vents » d’Un grand homme de province a Paris (1839), seconde partie d’Illusions perdues de Balzac On y etudiera le role archetypal que Balzac accorde a ce cenacle porte par les valeurs du Travail et de la Patience, tant face a la litterature facile et au journalisme prostitue, representes par le diner orgiaque, que face aux cenacles romantiques fustiges sans cesse depuis 1829 par les journalistes, dont Balzac lui-meme On comparera cette premiere representation cenaculaire avec celle que Camille Mauclair donne dans Le soleil des morts (1898), pour montrer qu’a l’inverse de ce qui se produit dans Illusions perdues, le cenacle est entraine dans le mouvement d’alteration generale du monde litteraire : le mythe du « cenacle ideal » vole en eclats, les valeurs cenaculaires font faillite, remplacees par celles que revendiquent les anarchistes (Energie, Vitesse, Destruction) Entre ces deux romans-reperes, publies a soixante ans d’intervalle, le mythe platonicien de la Litterature, inalterable et inviolable, refugiee dans le « ciel des Idees » et symbolisee par le Cenacle, s’est effondre Dans cette confrontation peuvent se lire l’evolution des imaginaires d’ecrivains et la reconfiguration du champ litteraire

The French Case or the Hidden Dangers of a Long-Term State of Emergency

Abstract: Since January 2015, French politics are regularly shaped by the scourge of terrorist operations carried out on its territory. State of emergency was declared in November 2015 and had several time been renewed until October 31st 2017. Its legal regime has been modified and strengthened in both November 2015 and July 2016. The aim of this article is twofold. First, it underscores the tremendous extent of the executive power under state of emergency. Second, it aims at showing how state of emergency leads to paradigm shifts that affect the functioning of the French political powers. This change is not limited to security prevailing over liberty, but it is also apparent in many other fields. For instance, politicians tend to view state of emergency as the means needed to fight against a recurring terrorist danger. State of emergency that has been conceived as a legal answer to a temporary threat tends in France to become permanent. Its very nature is thus modified. Another paradigm shift can be seen in the fate of the balance of power doctrine. The classical doctrine according to which Parliament is expected to defend liberty and to impose limits on executive power tends to be forgotten. Not only every steps have been taken in order to avoid primary judicial review of the 20 November 2015 law. But Parliamentary debates also illustrate how much members of Parliament, under the pressure of a traumatised public opinion, are ready to give the executive power even more prerogatives than what is asked for. State of emergency thus appears as a perilous status: not only for everyday liberties but also because of a hidden danger: it may alter in the long run the normal functioning of public institutions.

El pensamiento "economicista", base ideológica del modelo neoliberal

Abstract: El presente trabajo propone una reflexion critica sobre como puede enfocarse el estudio de la ideologia dominante del modelo neoliberal. A partir de un analisis de los rasgos propios de la llamada sociedad postmoderna, se estudian los aspectos fundamentales del pensamiento ?economicista?, fundacion ideologica y axiologica sobre la que descansa el poder de las elites economicas dominantes. Dentro de este marco analitico, se hace especial hincapie en el papel desempenado por las multinacionales para la elaboracion e implementacion del proyecto ideologico neoliberal, pero sin olvidar que la labor de dichas empresas forma parte de un intenso y coherente ?trabajo de equipo?, llevado a cabo por multiples y variadas instituciones politicas, sociales, economicas y culturales.