Paris West University Nanterre La Défense

About: Paris West University Nanterre La Défense is a education organization based out in Paris, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Finite element method. The organization has 895 authors who have published 1430 publications receiving 21712 citations.

De la scolarisation de masse à la formation tout au long de la vie : essai sur les enjeux économiques des doctrines éducatives des organisations internationales

Abstract: De la planification centralisee de l’offre scolaire en fonction des besoins de main-d’œuvre au “lifelong learning” pilote par la demande, les doctrines educatives des organisations internationales ont fluctue depuis un demi-siecle. L’objet de cet article est de reperer les changements d’enjeux economiques qui peuvent contribuer a expliquer cette evolution. On peut distinguer sur cette periode trois phases dans les rapports qu’entretient le regime d’accumulation avec ses besoins qualitatifs en main-d’œuvre, dont la traduction doctrinale peut etre synthetisee par trois metaphores successives: “industrielle” jusqu’a la fin des annees 1960, “sportive” dans les annees 1970, “boursiere” depuis les annees 1980. Ce qui devrait permettre de remettre en perspective aussi bien les naturalisations actuelles de l’acquisition des savoirs comme placement financier et de l’enseignement comme service banalise que la substitution du management de l’education a sa politique.

Responsible Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare: Predicting and Preventing Insurance Claim Denials for Economic and Social Wellbeing

Abstract: It is estimated that one out of seven health insurance claims is rejected in the US; hospitals across the country lose approximately $262 billion annually due to denied claims. This widespread problem causes huge cash-flow issues and overburdens patients. Thus, preventing claim denials before claims are submitted to insurers improves profitability, accelerates the revenue cycle, and supports patients’ wellbeing. This study utilizes Design Science Research (DSR) paradigm and develops a Responsible Artificial Intelligence (RAI) solution helping hospital administrators identify potentially denied claims. Guided by five principles, this framework utilizes six AI algorithms – classified as white-box and glass-box – and employs cross-validation to tune hyperparameters and determine the best model. The results show that a white-box algorithm (AdaBoost) model yields an AUC rate of 0.83, outperforming all other models. This research’s primary implications are to (1) help providers reduce operational costs and increase the efficiency of insurance claim processes (2) help patients focus on their recovery instead of dealing with appealing claims.

Forty Years of Research in Design Management: A Review of Literature and Directions for the Future

Abstract: Defining the research in Design Management (DM) involves the intersection of two disciplines: management sciences and design sciences. We focus on design management research and summarize the diversity of the relationship between these two interdisciplinary fields through a study of the international literature published between 1977 and 2017 on the subject. Firstly, the hybrid territory of design management is defined through its keywords and their evolution; using various definitions of design management, a representation of the place of design within organizations then starts to emerge. Secondly, the analysis focuses on the five key themes of design management developed in the literature— the value of design, the methods and skills of design, the tools of design, its integration in other functions, and the theme of “better manager by design”—as well as the resulting models. Finally, this review of the literature highlights the emergence in the discourse of two complementary forces: design management and design leadership.

Economic behaviors and cognitive capacities of early hominins between 2.34 Ma and 0.70 Ma in West Turkana, Kenya

Abstract: In the past few years, an increasing number of discoveries of Early Stone Age sites in East Africa revealed a more complex picture of early hominins behaviors than had been documented before. However, evidence of technological elaboration and abilities among our early ancestors remains limited, and the nature of the technical change during African Lower Paleolithic is still poorly documented. This paper presents the results of a comparative techno-economic study of four rich and well-preserved Early Oldowan, Oldowan, Early Acheulean, and Acheulean lithic assemblages from a recently investigated region of East Africa, the Nachukui Formation west of Lake Turkana, Kenya. This study, spanning a wide chronological period ranging from 2.34 to 0.70 Ma, documents the antiquity of raw material provisioning strategies in very early chronological contexts in highlighting the existence for raw material selectivity and technological planning as early as 2.34 Ma. The comparative analysis demonstrates diachronic differences in patterns of resource use between the sites from the Late Pliocene, the Early Pleistocene, and the very beginning of the Middle Pleistocene. These differences are related to an improvement in technical skills throughout the Plio-Pleistocene rather than to variations in resource availability.