Paris West University Nanterre La Défense

About: Paris West University Nanterre La Défense is a education organization based out in Paris, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Computer science & Politics. The organization has 895 authors who have published 1430 publications receiving 21712 citations.

How Does the Financial Crisis Affect Volatility Behavior and Transmission Among European Stock Markets

Abstract: The spread of the global financial crisis of 2008/2009 was rapid, and impacted the functioning and the performance of financial markets. Due to the importance of this phenomenon, this study aims to explain the impact of the crisis on stock market behavior and interdependence through the study of the intraday volatility transmission. This paper investigates the patterns of linkage dynamics among three European stock markets—France, Germany, and the UK—during the global financial crisis, by analyzing the intraday dynamics of linkages among these markets during both calm and turmoil phases. We apply a VAR-EGARCH (Vector Autoregressive Exponential General Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity) framework to high frequency five-minute intraday returns on selected representative stock indices. We find evidence that interrelationship among European markets increased substantially during the period of crisis, pointing to an amplification of spillovers. In addition, during this period, French and UK markets herded around German market, possibly explained by behavior factors influencing the stock markets on or near dates of extreme events. Germany was identified as the hub of financial and economic activity in Europe during the period of study. These findings have important implications for both policymakers and investors by contributing to better understanding the transmission of financial shocks in Europe.

A lower bound on dynamic k-stabilization in asynchronous systems

Abstract: It is desirable that the smaller the number of faults hitting a network, the faster a network protocol recovers. We study the scenario where up to k (for a given k) faults hit processors of a synchronous distributed system by corrupting their state undetectably. In this context, we show that the well known step complexity model is not appropriate to study time complexity of time-adaptive protocols (i.e. protocols that recover from memory corruption in a time that depends only on the number of faults and not on the network size). In more detail, we prove that for nontrivial dynamic problems (such as token passing), there exists a lower bound of /spl Omega/(D) (where D is the network diameter) steps on the stabilization time even when as few as 1 corruption can hit the system. This implies that there exists no time adaptive protocol for those problems in the asynchronous step model, even if we assume that the number of faults is bounded by 1 and that the scheduling of the processors is almost synchronous (between two actions of an enabled processor any other processor may execute at most one action).

Effect of interaction type on the characteristics of pet-directed speech in female dog owners

Abstract: Recent studies focusing on the interspecific communicative interactions between humans and dogs show that owners use a special speech register when addressing their dog. This register, called pet-directed speech (PDS), has prosodic and syntactic features similar to that of infant-directed speech (IDS). While IDS prosody is known to vary according to the context of the communication with babies, we still know little about the way owners adjust acoustic and verbal PDS features according to the type of interaction with their dog. The aim of the study was therefore to explore whether the characteristics of women's speech depend on the nature of interaction with their dog. We recorded 34 adult women interacting with their dog in four conditions: before a brief separation, after reuniting, during play and while giving commands. Our results show that before separation women used a low pitch, few modulations, high intensity variations and very few affective sentences. In contrast, the reunion interactions were characterized by a very high pitch, few imperatives and a high frequency of affectionate nicknames. During play, women used mainly questions and attention-getting devices. Finally when commanding, women mainly used imperatives as well as attention-getting devices. Thus, like mothers using IDS, female owners adapt the verbal as well as the non-verbal characteristics of their PDS to the nature of the interaction with their dog, suggesting that the intended function of these vocal utterances remains to provide dogs with information about their intentions and emotions.