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Showing papers by "Paul Sabatier University published in 1972"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An infrared study has established that the [Rh(CO) 2 Cl] 2 -phosphine (L) systems are composed of two series of complexes, mononuclear complexes X n of formula RhCl(CO), 3-n L n ( n = 1, 2, 3) and dinuclear complexes Y m of formula RH 2 Cl 2 (CO) 4-m -L m ( m = 0, 1,2,3,4) as mentioned in this paper.

62 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, it is shown that l'aminomercuration intramoleculaire est stereospecifique (etabli par l'etude en RMN des mercuriques intermediaires) and qu'il s'agit d'un processus assiste.

54 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Data show that phenolic acids biosynthesis pathways are closely compartmented in organelles so that phenylpropanoid compounds are mainly formed in microsomes whereas C6−C1 acids are formed inmicrobodies.

51 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the characteristic energy losses suffered by a 20 keV electron beam through CaF2, SrF2 and BaF2 films have been measured with a magnetic spectrograph.
Abstract: The characteristic energy losses suffered by a 20 keV electron beam through CaF2, SrF2, and BaF2 films have been measured with a magnetic spectrograph. From the energy loss function — Im e−1, optical constants are calculated by means of Kramers-Kronig analysis in the 8 to 40 eV range and are compared with the available reflectance data, especially those obtained with synchrotron radiation. The observed structure is tentatively explained for the three compounds, following a band model based upon symmetry considerations. The origin of the energy losses corresponding to the soft X-ray range is also briefly discussed. Les pertes d'energie caracteristiques subies par un faisceau d'electrons de 20 keV a la traversee de films de CaF2, SrF2, et BaF2 ont ete mesurees avec un spectrographe magnetique. Les fonctions optiques ont ete calculees jusqu'e 40 eV par analyse de Kramers-Kronig a partir de la fonction — Im e−1, et sont comparees aux mesures de reflectivite trouvees dans la litterature, particulieerement a celles obtenues avec le rayonnement synchrotron. A partir d'un modele de structure de bande base sur des considerations de symetrie, les spectres relatifs aux trois composes sont interpretes. l'origine des pertes d'energie mises en evidence dans le domaine des rayons × mous est sommairement discutee.

35 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
F. Louchet1, L. Viel1, C. Benazeth1, B. Fagot1, N. Colombie1 
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used Diabatic correlation diagrams for asymmetric collisions for the determination of the deep holes involved in the Auger transitions, in the case of a Be target, they are in good agreement with the dependence of Auger intensities upon the nature of the incident ion.
Abstract: Energy spectra of secondary electrons emitted by ion-bombarded targets show the presence of Auger electrons, and of two or three characteristic losses attributed to surface plasmon excitations. Diabatic correlation diagrams for asymmetric collisions can be used for the determination of the deep holes involved in the Auger transitions. In the case of a Be target, they are in good agreement with the dependence of the Auger intensities upon the nature of the incident ion.

33 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Feb 1972-Tellus A
TL;DR: In this article, it is concluded that tropospheric 210 Po is of natural origin and derived essentially from the decay of the 210 Pb present in the atmosphere. But this is only a short-time measurement.
Abstract: Contemporary technical literature has given consideration to complementary sources of 210 Po (fossil, terrestrial, stratospheric, artificial). A discussion of the importance of these various sources, based on short-time measurements of 210 Po, of 210 Pb, of long-lived nuclides and of products representative of pollution, carried out in S-W France, is given herein. It is concluded that tropospheric 210 Po is of natural origin and derived essentially from the decay of the 210 Pb present in the atmosphere. DOI: 10.1111/j.2153-3490.1972.tb01531.x

29 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Le phytoplancton se compose d'especes de petite taille (nannoplancton) ou dominent des formes flagellees (Chrysomonadines and Cryptomonadine) and des Diatomees (Cyclotella) as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Le phytoplancton et la productivite primaire ont ete etudies au lac de Port-Bielh (2 285 m), de juin 1967 a octobre 1971, ainsi que dans trois lacs voisins de plus faibles dimensions, en 1968. L'evolution du peuplement phytoplanctonique et de la productivite primaire et ses relations avec les composantes physiques, chimiques et biologiques de ces milieux lacustres de haute montagne sont analysees dans ce travail.Le phytoplancton se compose d'especes de petite taille (nannoplancton) ou dominent des formes flagellees (Chrysomonadines et Cryptomonadines) et des Diatomees (Cyclotella). Les Chlorophycees sont peu abondantes, les Peridiniens pratiquement absents. Si ces groupes ce succedent au cours de l'ete de facon a peu pres identique, le peuplement des quatre lacs differe, tant sur le plan qualitatif que quantitatif.Le cycle annuel du phytoplancton du lac de Port-Bielh se caracterise par la succession de deux periodes distinctes. En hiver, les quantites d'algues sont reduites (3 a 28 mg de Poids frais/m3 ) ; pres du fond se developpent d'importantes populations de bacteries anaerobies, associees a des Cyanophycees et a Astasia sp. En ete, la biomasse algale est de 180 mg de Poids frais/m3 en moyenne, elle atteint un maximum (420 a 510 mg de Poids frais/m3 ) chaque annee trois semaines a un mois apres la disparition de la glace. Pour la majorite des especes, les populations les plus denses se developpent dans la zone profonde du lac, en periode de stratification thermique. L'isothermie d'automne entraine une repartition homogene des algues dans toute la masse d'eau.En hiver, la productivite primaire du lac de Port-Bielh, tres faible sous la glace, est de l'ordre de 10 µg C/m3 jour) la fixation de carbone a l'obscurite est relativement importante, notamment dans la zone profonde. En ete, l'assimilation obscure represente generalement moins de 2 % de la photosynthese ; la productivite moyenne est de 18,9 mg C/m3 / jour avec deux maxima (23,5 a 36,3 mg C/m3 /jour) qui correspondent, le premier, au pic de phytoplancton, le second, a l'isothermie d'automne. Le coefficient d'activite du phytoplancton est eleve (0,143 mg C/mg de Poids frais/jour en moyenne) ; il augmente progressivement au cours de l'ete, correlativement a la diminution de la biomasse et du volume moyen des elements du phytoplancton.La productivite des lacs de faible profondeur est deux a quatre fois superieure a celle du lac de Port-Bielh. Cette difference peut-etre attribuee a leur constante homothermie qui favorise les echanges permanents entre la vase et l'eau. La composition et la densite du peuplement phytoplanctonique et sa productivite paraissent liees au regime hydrologique qui determine l'evolution des composantes chimiques.La lumiere joue un role important dans la dynamique du phytoplancton de ces lacs d'altitude. Son attenuation par la glace et la neige empeche pratiquement tout processus d'assimilitation photosynthetique pendant les six mois d'hiver. Durant la periode estivale, et par suite de la forte transparence des eaux, les phenomenes d'inhibition reduisent la photosynthese. Dans le lac de Port-Bielh, cet effet est sensible jusqu'a 8 a 10 metres de profondeur. L'analyse des profils verticaux de photosynthese pendant l'isothermie d'automne et au cours d'une journee montre que la relation photosynthese-lumiere peut etre decrite par une loi generale commune a tous les milieux aquatiques. La comparaison avec les lacs de faible profondeur et les relations entre la biomasse algale et le rapport P/B indiquent cependant que la lumiere n'agit pas independamment des parametres chimiques ; son effet et inhibiteur parait d'autant plus prononce que la disponibilite en sels dissous est faible. La productivite des lacs de montagne resulte sans doute de l'action conjuguee de ces deux facteurs, la temperature intervenant apparamment peu sur l'activite photosynthetique des algues.Dans le lac de Port-Bielh, apres la disparition de la glace, le developpement du phytoplancton entraine un appauvrissement en substances dissoutes. Les teneurs minimales, a la fin de la periode de stratification thermique, correspondent a une diminution de la biomasse algale et de la productivite. Parmi les facteurs responsables de cette diminution, la faible teneur en CO2 libre parait jouer un role important.Il n'existe pas de correspondance etroite entre l'evolution de la productivite et celle de la biomasse algale. Dans le lac de Port-Bielh, la poussee de photosynthese automnale n'entraine pas une augmentation de la biomasse ou une diminution de l'indice de diversite. Pendant la stratification d'ete, les fortes biomasses algales se forment a une profondeur superieure a celle de l'optimum de photosynthese journalier. Ces differences peuvent etre attribuees a l'action du zooplancton dont la repartition verticale, la composition et la densite varient au cours de l'ete.Compares avec d'autres lacs d'altitude et des lacs arctiques, les lacs du vallon de Port-Bielh se distinguent par une forte productivite estivale, voisine de celle de certains lacs mesotrophes alpins. Malgre une activite photosynthetique intense, la biomasse de phytoplancton reste cependant assez faible du fait de la courte duree de vie des organismes nannoplanctoniques qui la composent et de la predation par le zooplancton.

29 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Fischberg's method, thanks to which tetraploid individuals can be obtained, has been adapted to the newt Pleurodeles waltlii and can be used as cellular markers for the formation of viable animals diplo-tetraploids mosaic.
Abstract: Fischberg's method, thanks to which tetraploid individuals can be obtained, has been adapted to the newt Pleurodeles waltlii. — If at the beginning of the first furrow formation, the eggs are submitted for 10 minutes to a sudden increase in temperature (37.2–37.3°C), the embryos that subsequently develop are tetraploid in 100% of the cases. The percentage obtained of viable individuals is about 30% of the number of heated eggs. — A temperature treatment between 36.2 and 36.4°C applied at the same period and for the same length of time may lead to the formation of viable animals diplo-tetraploid mosaic. — Among adult tetraploids or diplo-tetraploid mosaic males and females can be found. — The cells of tetraploids can easily be distinguished from those of diploids by their larger size. Therefore, the former can be used as cellular markers.

28 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the theoretical energy minimum for the conformation in which one hydrogen of each methyl group is in the X heavy atoms plane but pointing outside the CXC angle is found.

27 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Fe 3 Cl 8 (NCCH 3 ) 6, has been crystallized from a solution of ferric chloride in acetonitrile as mentioned in this paper, and the structure has been solved from 921 reflections recorded at room temperature.

24 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a 5 and 6 chainons formes par heterocyclisation des amines ethyleniques employees are considered, and the result is shown to be double.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the action of α-, β-and γ-diols on the dialkyl(aryl)-bis(dialkylamino) germanes R2Ge(NR'2)2 leads, in high yields, to the Dialkyl (aryl)-2,2-germa-2-dioxa-1,3-cycloalkanes.
Abstract: The action of the α-, β- and γ-diols on the dialkyl(aryl)-bis(dialkylamino) germanes R2Ge(NR'2)2 leads, in high yields, to the dialkyl(aryl)-2,2-germa-2-dioxa-1,3-cycloalkanes. The IR. and NMR. spectral study in the presence of Eu(Dpm)3 allowed to demonstrate a dimerisation by coordination in some of these heterocycles. In this complex, the germanium is hexacoordinated by association with the two oxygens of the second associate molecule. Its hybridation state is sp3d2 or spd4 (D3h symmetry, prismatic structure). These low energy association are ruptured in solution at moderate temperatures; these heterocycles are monomers by ebulliometry in benzene. This association is disfavoured by the presence of substituents on the cycle and by hindering substituents with donor effect on the germanium. The diminution of nucleophilicity of the oxygens by mesomeric effect with neighbouring π systems also prevents any association.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the electronic structure and preferred conformations of F3P·BH3 and F2HP·BNH3 were investigated in the framework of the CNDO/2 approximation.
Abstract: The electronic structure and preferred conformations of F3P·BH3 and F2HP·BH3 are investigated in the framework of the CNDO/2 approximation. In complete agreement with microwave data, the staggered conformations are predicted to be the most stable ones. The barriers to internal rotation are in good agreement with experimental values (F3P·BH3: calc. = 3.03 kcal/mole, exp. = 3.24 ± 0.15 kcal/mole; F2HP·BH3: calc. = 3.63 kcal/mole, exp. = 4.05 ± 0.45 kcal/mole) and a bicentric energy partitioning shows that the variations of the total energy are completely reflected by the only variation of the interaction energy between phosphorus and H atoms bonded to boron. The analysis of the electron densities reveals the importance of the 3s(P) → 2px(B) transfer in the formation of the co-ordination. Finally, the computed dipole moment value and direction agree with corresponding experimental data.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The methode SCF-LCAO-MO dans l'approximation CNDO/2 est utilisee pour l'etude de l'analyse conformationnelle de la dimethylsulfone (CH3)2SO2 as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: La methode SCF-LCAO-MO dans l'approximation CNDO/2 est utilisee pour l'etude de l'analyse conformationnelle de la dimethylsulfone (CH3)2SO2. On montre ainsi que, parmi les determinations geometriques les plus recentes, celle obtenue par Jacob et Lide en 1971 au moyen de la spectroscopie de micro-ondes semble devoir etre retenue. La carte de potentiel, decrivant la rotation simultanee des deux groupements methyle autour des liaisons (S-C), est tracee: elle montre que la molecule (CH3)2SO2 appartient bien au groupe de symetrie C2v, non seulement au niveau des atomes lourds (C, S, O) mais aussi a celui des hydrogenes. La barriere a la rotation d'un CH3 est ainsi trouvee egale a 3,65 kcal/mole (experimentalement: 3,4 kcal/mole [10]). Un decoupage bicentrique de l'energie totale montre enfin que 70% des variations de cette grandeur sont dus a la seule somme, Σ E(S-H), des interactions dans l'espace entre l'atome de soufre et les six atomes d'hydrogene. Ce resultat eclaire d'un jour nouveau le concept qualitatif d'hyperconjugaison.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a particularite des amines aromatiques liee a prealable cycle, in which l'effet est de detruire le complexe aminsel mercurique forme lors du melange des reactifs and qui inhibe la reaction.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the lattice constants of the iron(II)-thioglycolic acid complex 1-1, Fe(CH2SCOO)·H2O, are monoclinic.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the i.r. spectra of forty-one 1,2,3-dioxaphophorinans have been studied and the dependence of the phosphoryl frequency upon the conformation of the heterocycle is discussed.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the thermocourants de depolarization and thermodynamic relaxations of polyhexamethylene adipamide (nylon 66) have been investigated using the thermodynamic current method.
Abstract: Nous avons applique la methode des thermocourants de depolarisation a l'etude des differents modes de relaxation existant dans le polyhexamethylene adipamide. La selectivite de cette methode permet de mettre en evidence differents processus de relaxation a l'interieur de chaque famille de pics observee par les methodes habituelles. On a discute particulierement les relaxations α, α' et β en comparant les resultats de differentes mesures (thermocourants de depolarisation, mesures par methode pendulaire, mesures dielectriques, analyse thermique differentielle). A plus basse temperature, on a trouve une gamme importante d'energies d'activation pour les relaxations γ et on a mis en evidence des relaxations δ faisant intervenir de courtes longueurs de chaine. Using the thermodepolarisation current method, we have studied the whole spectrum of relaxations in polyhexamethylene adipamide (nylon 66). We have found in every family (α, α' β, γ, and δ) several individual peaks with very different activation energies. We have discussed our results for α, α', and β relaxations in relation with a pendulum method and previous dielectric measurements. The thermodepolarisation method seems a very useful tool in the field of polymer studies.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a nouvelle regle "anti-octants" is defined, construite sur les deux plans de symetrie classiques du chromophore carbonyle (le plan des liaisons σ and le plan des orbitales π qui lui est perpendiculaire).

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The spermathecal accessory gland in the female of Phosphuga atrata (Silphidae), exhibits a special structure which is due to the presence of a cuticular intima lining the lumen.
Abstract: Chez les Silphes et en particulier chez Phosphuga atrata, la glande de la spermatheque presente une structure particuliere liee a la presence d'une intima cuticulaire tapissant la lumiere de la glande. Elle comporte trois types cellulaires: les cellules secretrices, les cellules de l'epithelium sous-cuticulaire et les cellules-manchons. Les cellules secretrices de grande taille contiennent une invagination de la membrane cytoplasmique formant une «vacuole» extracellulaire bordee de microvillosites. Dans cette vacuole plonge l'extremite, differenciee en ampoule poreuse, d'un canalicule de nature cuticulaire, qui vehicule la secretion jusqu'a la lumiere de la glande. Le canalicule est elabore par une cellule-manchon qui l'accompagne sur toute sa longueur sauf a son extremite intravacuolaire. Ce type de glande, qui se retrouve chez de nombreux Insectes, y assurant des fonctions diverses (secretion odorifique, secretion de defense, secretion spermale, etc.), est susceptible de nombreuses variations.


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the electronic structure and preferred conformations of (CH 3 )H 2 P · BH 3 were investigated under the framework of the CNDO/2 approximation.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, Les isopodes terrestres de la colombie are described in the context of the Neotropical Fauna: Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 147-172.
Abstract: (1972). Les isopodes terrestres de la colombie. Studies on Neotropical Fauna: Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 147-172.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Results suggest that microsomes are the intracellular site of the cinnamic units synthesis, and the enzymes involved in these reactions, associated in the same cellular compartment, does not form a multienzyme system.
Abstract: The reactions leading to cinnamic acids from phenylalanine as only substrate were investigated in organelles from Quercus pedunculata Ehrh. roots. –“F 10 000′” fraction, including mitochondria and micro-bodies, catalyses the first reaction, i.e., cinnamate formation by deamination of phenylalanine. – Microsomal fraction catalyses all the steps from phenylalanine to caffeic acid via cinnamate and p-coumarate. These results suggest that microsomes are the intracellular site of the cinnamic units synthesis. The enzymes involved in these reactions, associated in the same cellular compartment, does not form a multienzyme system. The formation of caffeic acid by isolated microsomes is demonstrated for the first time; the reaction may be realised by an enzyme different from phenolase. – The free phenolic acids are the metabolically active forms.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Sapphirine bearing rocks have been found in place along the northern contact of the bodies of Lherz and the one of Bois du Fajou, both localities in the department of Ariege, pyrenean district, France.
Abstract: Sapphirine bearing rocks have been found in place along the northern contact of the bodies of Lherz and the one of Bois du Fajou, both localities in the department of Ariege, pyrenean district, France. Also they have been found in the vicinity of several other pyrenean bodies by the analysis of alluvial concentrates. Their geological, mineralogical and geochemical characteristics have been studied in detail and have been compared with the characteristics of sapphirine bodies from foreign countries. It is therefore possible to determine a primary hornblende-spinel paragenesis, gradually passing, due to the contact with the lherzolites, to a sapphirine, anthophyllite, phlogopite, kornerupine, cordierite paragenesis. Later paragenesis are represented by the formation of chlorites and vermiculites from the phlogopite, of saponite deriving from cordierite. A chemical zonality adjusts to the mineralogical zonality; it is mainly characterized by an increase of the Mg/Ca ratio, as the lherzolites are becoming closer. Results obtained from experiments made by a number of authors within the MgO-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O system have been assembled in a pH2O, T diagram. From these results it is possible to deduct that conditions of formation for the sapphirine carrying rocks, have been in the vicinity of 800–900° C and 6–9 kb. This result, plus various other arguments, lead to feel that we are in presence of crustal rock types, modified at depth by contact with the lherzolites then later lifted up at the time of intrusion.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the conformational analysis of methylcyclopropane, cyclopropylamine and cyclopropylphosphine is investigated within the framework of the CNDO/2 and INDO approximations.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, an extension of the cyclization reaction by use of mercury salts on arnine-containing ethylenic systems to form monospiroheterocycles was reported.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a methode de determination de la configuration absolue de dialkyl-1,2 cis cyclopropanes is decrite, and the methode repose sur l'oxydation chromique menagee de ces composes en α-cyclopropylcetones susceptibles d'etre reliees a des cetones du meme type and de configurations absolues connues.


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a phase non-stoechiometrique ZrTe 2 caracterisee par une maille du type C6 a ete etudiee sur des composes par synthese directe a partir des elements a 800°C.