Showing papers by "Paul Sabatier University published in 1982"
TL;DR: This paper deals successively with differentiation of ordinary functions at a fuzzy point and with differentiation at a nonfuzzy point, and with practical methods of computation are presented.
592 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the results of convergence by sampling in linear principal component analysis (LPCA) were derived for a random function in a separable Hilbert space, and the limiting distribution was given for the principal values and the principal factors.
488 citations
TL;DR: An axiomatic approach to a broad class of fuzzy measures in the sense of Sugeno is presented via the concept of triangular norm (t-norm for short) as discussed by the authors, which is actually set functions which are monotonic with respect to set inclusion.
Abstract: An axiomatic approach to a broad class of fuzzy measures in the sense of Sugeno is presented via the concept of triangular norm (t-norm for short). Fuzzy measures are actually set functions which are monotonic with respect to set inclusion. Triangular norms and conorms are semi-groups of the unit interval which have been thoroughly studied in the literature of functional equations. The proposed class encompasses probability measures, Zadeh's possibility measures and the dual notion of necessity measures. Any set function of the class can be expressed in terms of a density, and constructively defined out of this density. This feature makes the proposed framework attractive from a practical point of view for the representation and manipulation of subjective evidence. The link between t-norm and t-conorm based set functions and Shafer's belief functions is invesligaled.
304 citations
TL;DR: Using Zadeh's extension principle, the integral of fuzzy mappings over a crisp interval is defined, and provided a special analytical representation of the fuzzy mapping, the practical computation of such an integral is shown to be easy.
260 citations
TL;DR: Pattern‐directed inference systems are among the most largely used tools in A.I. to‐day in order to represent and exploit knowledge, but the lack of flexibility in the matching remains a drawback in this kind of system.
Abstract: Pattern‐directed inference systems (P.D.I.S.) are among the most largely used tools in A.I. to‐day in order to represent and exploit knowledge. Generally, P.D.I.S.'s use production rules triggered by matching between rule patterns and elements of the data base. However, the lack of flexibility in the matching remains a drawback in this kind of system. In the framework of the communication in natural language with robots, approximate descriptions of real world situations and approximately specified rules are needed; furthermore, similarity in the matching process does not always need to be perfect. Thus, the pervading fuzziness of natural language can be taken into account. The following levels, belonging to the real interval [0,1], are evaluated: The possibility of similarity between referents designated in the data and in the pattern respectively; the necessity that a referent designated in the data is similar to a referent designated in the pattern. Designations are fuzzy when the pattern or the data are fuzzy, which is usual with words of a natural language.
183 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a calcite-depositing stream in the Pyrenees, south France, enabled the authors to study the equilibration of major components and carbon and oxygen isotopes during the formation of calcite and the degassing of CO2, and to examine the possible influence of aquatic flora on these processes.
165 citations
TL;DR: This paper tries to emphasize the relationships and the differences between the various points of view in the integration of mappings over fuzzy domains.
143 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a structural study of the shape and internal structure of the domes and of their relationships with the enclosing rocks was carried out and it was shown that both types of domes were emplaced diapirically during the major regional deformation phase and the peak of regional metamorphism.
102 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a non-symmetrical, tetradentate Schiff base has been obtained in a two-step process, in which one mole of ethylene diamine is reacted with one Mole of acetylacetone to afford a 1:1 condensation product, which is then reacted with Mole of either salicylaldehyde or 2-hydroxyacetophenone to yield nonsymmetric diimines.
85 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the deformation textures of polycrystalline materials are predicted by means of numerical methods involving a set of crystals individually strained and no assumptions about the behavior of the material are made.
85 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the transmission properties of optical fibres as well as geometrical conditions of the association between fibres and concentrator are investigated, and it is shown that modules where one fibre is associated with a small parabolic mirror may supply 2 W with an efficiency greater than 70 percent, whilst the concentration on the exit end of a 10m long fibre may exceed 3000.
TL;DR: In this paper, local palaeoclimatic and palaeoecological reconstructions in the Ariege Pyrenees were applied to palynological and sedimentological investigations of the Freychinede peat bog (alt. 1350 m), complemented by a geomorphological study of neighbouring area.
TL;DR: B cell regeneration in this newborn rat model is thus explained primarily by budding of new islets from the ducts as well as mitosis of undifferentiated cells.
Abstract: An ultrastructural study of endocrine cells was performed in the pancreas of rats treated with a single dose of streptozotocin on the day of birth. Most of the B cells present at birth were destroyed by streptozotocin but some survived and could again synthesize insulin after eliminating their altered fragments in phago-lysosome structures. New B cells were produced primarily by the formation of new islets from the small pancreatic ducts. A study of mitosis in colchicine treated animals showed that most B cells present on day 4 were formed by mitosis of undifferentiated cells. No significant division of preexisting differentiated B cells could be shown in streptozotocin treated rats.
TL;DR: In this article, les parametres obtenus permettent de bien modeliser l'evolution d'une culture en tenant compte du phenomene d'ombre propre.
Abstract: La croissance de huit especes d'algues du phytoplancton d'eau douce (6 Chlorophycees, 1 Diatomee, 1 Cyanophycee) a ete etudiee en culture. Plusieurs methodes d'evaluation de la biomasse ont ete comparees : poids sec, comptages cellulaires, densite optique, chlorophylle. Selon les especes, l'extraction de pigments par l'acetone donne des valeurs inferieures de 5 a 50 % par rapport a l'ethanol. S'il n'a a pas de carence en nutriments, une assez bonne approximation du taux de croissance peut etre calculee a partir des parametres acquis par des experiences de photosynthese (Pmax ). Les variations de taille des cellules au cours du cycle de division sont egalement decrites. Le taux de croissance des huit especes est decrit en fonction de la temperature et de la lumiere selon un systeme d'equations inspirees de la formulation de Steele (1965). Les parametres obtenus permettent de bien modeliser l'evolution d'une culture en tenant compte du phenomene d'ombre propre.
TL;DR: In this article, a microscopic picture of the second stage of creep at intermediate temperatures is presented, showing that subboundary formation, migration and destruction occur frequently and ensure a constant average subgrain size under constant stress.
TL;DR: The main results on recent experimental and theoretical investigations of kinetic electron emission from solids under ionic bombardment are presented in this article, where the variation of the electron emission yield γ as a function of the ion and target parameters are summarized.
01 Jan 1982
TL;DR: Higher insects have evolved a highly effective mechanism for loading their unfertilized eggs with long-lived messengerRNAs, ribosomes, transfer RNAs, enzymes, and less complex organic molecules, which are utilized later for synthesizing the proteins needed by the young embryo.
Abstract: Higher insects have evolved a highly effective mechanism for loading their unfertilized eggs with long-lived messenger RNAs, ribosomes, transfer RNAs, enzymes, and less complex organic molecules. These are utilized later for synthesizing the proteins needed by the young embryo. The mechanism generates endopolyploid nurse cells that produce the required compounds and a system of canals through which these products are exported to the oocyte.
TL;DR: Studies on the biochemical composition of the isolated vacuoles indicated that amino acids, organic acids and protein contents varied with the cell culture cycle, emphasizing the dynamic status of the vacuolar system in cell suspension cultures of Acer pseudoplatanus.
TL;DR: A new stable diphosphene (Me 3 Si) 3 CPPC(SiMe 3 ) 3 has been isolated and characterized particularly by its NMR data; the 31 P NMR chemical shift appears to be the largest ever observed as discussed by the authors.
TL;DR: In this paper, the reactions of Ph 2 P(CH 2 ) n (C 5 H 4 )Li, ( n = 0, 2), with MCl 4 or CpTiCl 3 (M = Ti, Zr; Cp = η 5 -C 5H 4 )( CH 2 ) 2 PPh 2 ] 2, with [RhCl(μ-Cl)(CO)(C 2 H 4 )] 2, which is assumed to be a dimer, in which the titanium or the zirconium compounds act as bridging diph
TL;DR: Predictions based on the time-delay model agree with existing experimental evidence concerning pharmacokinetics of substances undergoing enterohepatic cycling and several qualitative and quantitative results were significantly different.
TL;DR: Steric and electronic influences of various substituted pyridines support the hypothesis of the coordination of pyridine in the manganese porphyrin-catalysed epoxidation of olefins with sodium hypochlorite solution.
TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of cation distribution in tetrahedral and octahedral magnetites on the oxidation temperature was shown directly by differential thermogravimetric analysis and by electrical conductivity.
TL;DR: In this paper, a general prcedure of analysis of phenolic compounds by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with ternary elution gradients has been designed.
TL;DR: It is concluded that the activation-inactivation process is due to phosphorylation-dephosphorylation of quinate:NAD+ oxidoreductase, which recovers its initial activity on incubation with ATP-Mg.
Abstract: Quinate: NAD+ oxidoreductase (EC 1.1.1.24) from carrot cells was deactivated by incubating partially purified extract with MgCl2 at 30°C. The deactivation process was prevented by adding fluoride, a phosphatase inhibitor. Once inactivated, the enzyme could recover its initial activity on incubation with ATP-Mg either in combination with or not in combination with an exogenous protein kinase. 32PO4 was incorporated into the purified enzyme when the cell cultures were supplemented with labeled phosphate in vivo. Moreover, 32P from [γ-32P]ATP was incorporated into the reductase when the enzyme was reactivated in the presence of protein kinase. From these results, it is concluded that the activation-inactivation process is due to phosphorylation-dephosphorylation of quinate:NAD+ oxidoreductase.
TL;DR: In this article, a new synthesis of stable diphosphene was reported and the δ 31 P value was reinvestigated, and the synthesis was shown to be stable in terms of stability.
TL;DR: In this article, a simple relationship is proposed to derive the noise voltage intensity referred back to the input at normal operating conditions: this noise spectral intensity does not depend on bias voltages for micrometer or submicrometer devices.
Abstract: Low frequency (L.F.) noise in GaAs FETs was investigated both theoretically and experimentally. The main contribution to the overall noise at frequencies over 103 Hz was found to be flicker noise generated in the gradual region of the channel. A new simple relationship is proposed to derive the noise voltage intensity referred back to the input at normal operating conditions: it is reported that this noise spectral intensity does not depend on bias voltages for micrometer or submicrometer devices. This relationship provides a fast and easy way for assessing devices for their L.F. noise: an improvement in the spectral purity of GaAs FETs oscillators designed with low L.F. noise FETs is reported.