Showing papers by "Paul Sabatier University published in 1990"
TL;DR: It is argued that both notions of a rough set and a fuzzy set aim to different purposes, and it is more natural to try to combine the two models of uncertainty (vagueness and coarseness) rather than to have them compete on the same problems.
Abstract: The notion of a rough set introduced by Pawlak has often been compared to that of a fuzzy set, sometimes with a view to prove that one is more general, or, more useful than the other. In this paper we argue that both notions aim to different purposes. Seen this way, it is more natural to try to combine the two models of uncertainty (vagueness and coarseness) rather than to have them compete on the same problems. First, one may think of deriving the upper and lower approximations of a fuzzy set, when a reference scale is coarsened by means of an equivalence relation. We then come close to Caianiello's C-calculus. Shafer's concept of coarsened belief functions also belongs to the same line of thought. Another idea is to turn the equivalence relation into a fuzzy similarity relation, for the modeling of coarseness, as already proposed by Farinas del Cerro and Prade. Instead of using a similarity relation, we can start with fuzzy granules which make a fuzzy partition of the reference scale. The main contribut...
2,452 citations
TL;DR: A self-consistent fluid model of radio-frequency glow discharges has been used to analyze the existence of two different discharge regimes and of the transition between them, and a realistic description of the electron kinetics has been obtained by considering separately two electron groups representing, respectively, the tail and the bulk of the electrons distribution function.
Abstract: A self-consistent fluid model of radio-frequency glow discharges has been used to analyze the existence of two different discharge regimes and the transition between them The existence of these regimes had been previously established by Levitskii [Sov Phys Tech Phys 2, 887 (1958)] The self-sustaining and power-deposition mechanisms that characterize each of these regimes are drastically different In the first regime, termed as the ``wave-riding regime'' corresponding to low discharge power, most of the power deposition is due to bulk plasma electrons heated by the sheath expansions In the second regime termed as the ``secondary electron regime'' corresponding to higher discharge power, the discharge is sustained mainly by electrons emitted by the electrodes under ion bombardment and avalanching in the sheath regions The numerical results are in good agreement with previous experimental measurements by Godyak and Kanneh [IEEE Trans Plasma Sci PS-14, 112 (1986)] The results presented in this paper form the first self-consistent description of these different regimes and of the transition between them The validity domain of the model is restricted to pressure higher than a fraction of Torr and frequency less than a few tens of MHz The gas being considered is helium and the discharge power varies between 0 and 700 mW ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}2}$ The model is based on solutions of electron and ion fluid equations describing charged particle transport coupled with Poisson's equation for the electric field A realistic description of the electron kinetics has been obtained by considering separately two electron groups representing, respectively, the tail and the bulk of the electron distribution function The validity of the two-electron group fluid model has been checked with Monte Carlo simulations
324 citations
TL;DR: A phleomycin-resistance gene (Sh ble) is cloned from the genomic DNA of Streptoalloteichus hindustanus (ATCC 31158) and its polylinker and tallysomycins which are active at low concentrations on both fragments.
Abstract: Phleomycins are glycopeptide antibiotics related to bleomycins nucleotide sequence of the Sh ble gene and its polylinker and tallysomycins which are active at low concentrations on both fragments. prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells (1). We have cloned a phleomycin-resistance gene (Sh ble) from the genomic DNA of REFERENCES Streptoalloteichus hindustanus (ATCC 31158), a tallysomycin 1 Berdy,J. (1980) Handbook of.Antibiotic Compounds. Vol.4, pp. 459-491, producer. The Sh ble gene encodes a small acidic protein (MW CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, USA 13665) which has been crystallised for X-ray structural studies 2. Rondeau,J.M., Cagnon,C., Moras,D. and Masson,J.M. (1989) J. MoI. Biol. (2). The Sh protein is a binding protein with a strong affinity 207, 645-646. for the phleomycin family of antibiotics (3). When these 3. Gatignol,A., Durand,H. and Tiraby,G. (1988) FEBS Lent. 230, 171-175. antibiotics are bound by the Sh protein, then phleomycins can 4. Glumoff,V., Kappeli,O., Fiechter,A. and Reiser,J. (1989) Gene 84, nolonger areactivated by tneffous ions and oxyen teobreakdcan 311-318. no longer be activated by ferrous ions and oxygen to break down 5. Mattern,J.E. and Punt,P.J. (1988) Fungal Genet. Newslett. 35, 25. DNA (3). The Sh ble gene has been used in a number of 6. Perez,P., Tiraby,G., Kallerhoff,J. and Perret,J. (1989) Plant Mol. Biol. 13, laboratories as a selectable marker for lower (4, 5) and higher 365-373. eukaryotes (6, 7, 8). In order to facilitate vector construction 7. Mulsant,P., Gatignol,A., Dalens,M. and Tiraby,G. (1988) Somat. Cell. Mol. exeukryoetes(, 8).theinordgoers wto fac tipltevctoricositruction Genet. 14, 243-252. periment , synthetic oligom with multiple cloning sites have 8. Cosset,F.L., Legras,C., Chebloune,Y., Savater,P., Thoraval,P., been added at both ends of the Sh ble gene to give the two pUC Thomas,J.L., Samarut,J., Nigon,U.M. and Verdier,G. (1990) J. Virol. 64, based derivatives, pUT56 and pUT58. We report here the 1070-1078.
212 citations
TL;DR: A general notion of approximation of a belief function by some other set function is introduced that is based on a recently introduced definition of inclusion between random sets, and the particular problem of approximating a probability measure by a fuzzy set is solved.
202 citations
TL;DR: Four algae of freshwater phytoplankton were studied in monospecific culture and the results provide a set of parameters for a three-equation model used to described the growth rate response of a non-nutrient-limited culture.
Abstract: Four algae of freshwater phytoplankton were studied in monospecific culture: Chlorella vulgaris, Fragilaria crotonensis, Staurastrum pingue and Synechocystis minima. Experiments were performed to determine the growth rate over a wide range of light intensities (5–800 µE m−2 s−1, 15/9 light/dark photoperiod) and temperatures (10–35 °C). The results provide a set of parameters (particularly the maximal growth rate associated to optimal conditions of light and temperature) for a three-equation model used to described the growth rate response of a non-nutrient-limited culture.
156 citations
TL;DR: The complete nucleotide sequence of the ami locus of Streptococcus pneumoniae revealed the presence of six open reading frames, amiABCDEF, and data are presented which indicate that Ami is indeed a transport system.
Abstract: Summary
The complete nucleotide sequence of the ami locus of Streptococcus pneumoniae revealed the presence of six open reading frames, amiABCDEF. The predicted Ami proteins are probably involved in a transport system. The Ami A, C, D, E, and F proteins exhibit homology with components of the oligopeptide permeases (opp) of Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli. Intriguingly, the AmiB protein is homologous to ArsC, a cytosolic modifier subunit of the anion pump encoded by the arsenical resistance operon of the R-factor R773 from E. coli. Data are presented which indicate that Ami is indeed a transport system.
141 citations
TL;DR: This paper is both a survey of works pertaining to the introduction of conditioning relations in logic and a discussion about how these conditioning relations leave some room for non-monotonicity and might be useful in formalizing the concept of production rules in expert systems.
113 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed over 80 samples of Hercynian peraluminous granites (Gueret, Millevaches and Saint Sylvestre massifs) and metamorphic units of the Limousin area for Rb−Sr and Sm−Nd.
Abstract: Seventy samples of Hercynian peraluminous granites (Gueret, Millevaches and Saint Sylvestre massifs) and metamorphic units of the Limousin area were analysed for Rb−Sr and Sm−Nd. The source rocks of the peraluminous granites can be found in the metamorphic rocks of Limousin, among them meta-igneous rocks were largely predominent over meta-sedimentary rocks in the source of the three granites. Millevaches and Gueret granites were generated by the partial melting of rocks comprising meta-volcanics and meta-sediments, whereas the Saint Sylvestre granite was produced exclusively by the melting of late Precambrian granites. This leads to confusing T
DM
Nd
values, the confusion being amplified by the segregation of monazite during the petrogenetic evolution of the peraluminous granites, which leads to dramatic fractionation in Sm/Nd ratios. The data of the present study tend to demonstrate that peraluminous granites do not give a good representation of isotopic mean crustal estimates. Late Precambrian time seems, however, to have been a period of extensive crustal generation in Western Europe.
112 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the Dupal signature of Kerguelen basic lavas was strengthened by new Sr, Nd and Pb isotope data, which indicated a mixing process between a depleted MORB component and an enriched OIB-type component.
112 citations
TL;DR: The case where the uncertain clauses include fuzzy predicates, to which the excluded-middle law no longer applies, is studied, and a suitable adaptation of the extended resolution principles is proposed.
90 citations
TL;DR: A detailed analysis of the difference in crystal packing contacts between pea lectin and LOLI shows that, as might be expected, several of the intermolecular interactions are mediated by residues that correspond to substitutions in the LOLI amino acid sequence.
TL;DR: An automatic technique is presented for systematic shape preferred orientation (SPO) analysis of crystal fabrics in rocks using an original method of filtering the intercept function with a linear, sliding mask on the counting grid.
TL;DR: In this paper, a model is presented which is used to calculate the effect of pressure on activity coefficients of aqueous solutes in the system Na-Ca-Cl-SO4-H2O to 200°C.
TL;DR: The use of 'hybrid' LDL, prepared by partial delipidation of non-treated LDL and reconstitution by re-incorporating the neutral lipid fractions isolated from ultraviolet- treated LDL, demonstrated that the 'cytotoxic' effect is mainly mediated by triacylglycerols and cholesteryl esters.
TL;DR: Vectors that confer high levels of phleomycin (Ph) resistance to Saccharomyces cerevisiae have been constructed with the TEF1 and ENO1 promoters, the Tn5 ble gene and the CYC1 terminator.
TL;DR: The concept of continuity/discontinuity is applied to the riparian vegetation of the corridor of the River Adour (S.W. France) in order to precisely define longitudinal structure, and to test the degree of floristic continuity of the fluvial axis.
Abstract: The concept of continuity/discontinuity is applied to the riparian vegetation of the corridor of the River Adour (S.W. France), in order to precisely define longitudinal structure, and to test the degree of floristic continuity of the fluvial axis. The measure of floristic connectance along the river course is based on presence/absence data, and is applied to successive stretches of the river, at various resolution levels. This analysis shows that the River Adour corridor cannot be assumed to be floristically continuous. The observed discontinuities may correspond to two types of change in the riparian vegetation: zones of slow change (high level of floristic connectance) or zones of sharp change (low level of floristic connectance).
TL;DR: In this article, the six A′ potential energy surfaces were computed by a DIM-like method involving a valence-bond quasidiabatic basis, and the photoabsorption spectrum of Ar3+ was calculated in the range 440-710 nm.
TL;DR: Results show that in participating females, the amount of carbohydrates, especially glycogen, was higher than in non-participating females (Cataglyphis cursor, Iridomyrmex humilis), and the quantity of carbohydrates stored was generally higher in males than in females for each species.
Abstract: In ants, energy for flying is derived from carbohydrates (glycogen and free sugars). The amount of these substrates was compared in sexuals participating or not participating in mating flights. Results show that in participating females (Lasius niger, L. flavus, Myrmica scabrinodis, Formica rufa, F. polyctena, F. lugubris), the amount of carbohydrates, especially glycogen, was higher than in non-participating females (Cataglyphis cursor, Iridomyrmex humilis). Similarly, male C. cursor and I. humilis which fly, exhibit a much higher carbohydrate content than do the non-flying females of these species. Furthermore, the quantity of carbohydrates stored was generally higher in males than in females for each species. These results are discussed with regard to the loss of the nuptial flight by some species of ants.
01 Jan 1990
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Data show that NAIBS are not closely related to the alpha 2-adrenergic molecule, and benextramine appears to be a reversible competitor atNAIBS.
Abstract: Binding studies were carried out in human fat cell membranes with two alpha 2-adrenergic antagonists, [3H]idazoxan and its methoxy derivative [3H]RX821002. Inhibition studies with epinephrine enantiomers indicate that [3H]RX821002 only binds to alpha 2-adrenoceptors, whereas [3H]idazoxan labels alpha 2-adrenoceptors and additional nonadrenergic sites (NAIBS). NAIBS and alpha 2-adrenoceptors display different affinities towards drugs from various chemical families. Imidazoline and some guanidine derivatives exhibit a high affinity for NAIBS. Pharmacological studies of human NAIBS indicate that they are slightly different from those previously reported in the rabbit, suggesting the existence of several subtypes of NAIBS. Furthermore, NAIBS are different from the previously described "imidazoline-preferring sites." [3H]idazoxan and [3H]RX821002 saturation analyses were performed in human adipocytes from different anatomical locations, in order to compare the number of NAIBS and alpha 2-adrenoceptors. Although there was an important variation in NAIBS and alpha 2-adrenoceptor numbers in the studied samples, a very poor correlation was obtained between the Bmax values of the two sites. Moreover, alkylation of alpha 2-adrenoceptors by phenoxybenzamine produces a 90% reduction in accessible [3H]RX821002 binding sites, without modification of [3H]idazoxan binding. These data show that NAIBS are not closely related to the alpha 2-adrenergic molecule. In addition, benextramine appears to be a reversible competitor at NAIBS. [3H]idazoxan binding, but not [3H]RX821002 binding, is sensitive to K+, suggesting that the domains involved in the ligand-NAIBS interaction are different from those involved in the ligand-alpha 2-adrenoceptor interaction.
TL;DR: The results reveal an important difference between the northern part of South America, characterized in June by an important ozone depletion, and West Africa, where high ozone contents are observed as a result of enhanced formation from bush fires during a large period of the year as mentioned in this paper.
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that ultraviolet radiations induced a strong peroxidation of the lipid content of LDL and no (or only minor) changes in the apolipoprotein moiety whereas iron-catalyzed per oxidation resulted in the formation of lipid peroxidated products as well as apo B alterations.
TL;DR: Both trained truffle dogs and pigs detected exclusively the flavouring samples and the solutions of dimethyl sulphide which appeared to be responsible for the animals localization of black truffles.
TL;DR: There appears to be a new organization of the cognitive image of the body scheme, the missing vestibular information being supplied by peripheral vision instead which could play a role in the astronaut's perception of his own movement.
TL;DR: Inoculation of different bean cultivars with #Colletotrichum lindemuthianum# race Beta results in a marked increase of Beta-1,3-glucanase and chitinase activities, the possible role of these hydrolytic enzymes in plants defence is discussed.
Abstract: Inoculation of different bean cultivars with #Colletotrichum lindemuthianum# race Beta results in a marked increase of Beta-1,3-glucanase and chitinase activities. The increase is much faster in incompatible than in compatible interactions. Induced Beta-1,3-glucanase (pI 9,5) differs from the constitutive Beta-1,3glucanase (pI 4,5) of healthy plants. The induced enzyme can partly degrade, #in vitro#, the cell walls of #C. lindemuthianum#. The possible role of these hydrolytic enzymes in plants defence is discussed. (Resume d'auteur)
TL;DR: The weighted max-combination view which leads to another type of scalar evaluation is briefly discussed and the above approach is more particularly applied to the treatment of queries asking for some global evaluation of a set of items specified by means of a fuzzy property.
01 Jan 1990
TL;DR: It is proved that these operations are defined as the union of some monotonic pointwise transformations of the fuzzy sets that characterize the possibility measures and suggested to view a fuzzy set as a disjunctive aggregation of possibly dissonant imprecise, individual opinions, the weights reflecting the degrees of membership of individuals in the group.
Abstract: Possibility measures are not closed under convex combinations, since the nestedness property of focal sets is not preserved under this aggregation mode. This paper intends to investigate the eventwise aggregations of possibility measures that preserve the consonance property of these set-functions. It is proved that these operations are defined as the union (via the maximum) of some monotonic pointwise transformations of the fuzzy sets that characterize the possibility measures ; especially the previously introduced weighted maximum operations are among the natural solutions. This work also suggests to view a fuzzy set as a disjunctive aggregation of possibly dissonant imprecise, individual opinions, the weights reflecting the degrees of membership of individuals in the group. The extension of these results to decomposable set-functions is considered.
TL;DR: Fecundity of queens founding independently increased slowly with time whereas fecundityOf queens founding dependently reached the maximum level some weeks after the beginning of the first reproductive season.
Abstract: The change over time in the fecundity and weight of queens was investigated in three monogynous, independent colony founding species,Lasius niger, Camponotus ligniperda andC. herculaneus, and two polygynous dependent colony founding species,Plagiolepis pygmaea andIridomyrmex humilis. Queens of the three species founding independently exhibited a similar pattern with a significant loss of weight between mating and the emergence of the first workers. In contrast, weights of queens of the species employing dependent colony founding remained more stable. Fecundity of queens founding independently increased slowly with time whereas fecundity of queens founding dependently reached the maximum level some weeks after the beginning of the first reproductive season. These results are discussed in relation to some differences in the life history (e.g., life-span) between queens utilizing independent and dependent colony founding.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The data suggest that the effect of tamoxifen on protein kinase C activity depends on the phospholipid environment of the enzyme, and opposite effects may be observed in intact cells to those seen in disrupted cells.
Abstract: We investigated the effects of the antiestrogen tamoxifen on MCF-7 cell protein kinase C either by using the in vitro histone kinase assay or by studying the phosphorylation of its endogenous Mr 28,000 protein substrate in intact cells In the in vitro assay, tamoxifen inhibited the enzyme competitively with respect to phospholipid, whereas estradiol and morpholinobenzyl phenoxy ethanamine, a specific ligand for antiestrogen binding sites, were considerably less efficient In contrast, tamoxifen did not affect phosphorylation of the Mr 28,000 protein induced by the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate in intact MCF-7 cells Estradiol and morpholinobenzyl phenoxy ethanamine also had no effect At high concentration (100 microM), tamoxifen itself stimulated specific phosphorylation of this Mr 28,000 protein Estradiol and morpholinobenzyl phenoxy ethanamine neither mimicked nor interfered with this effect Our data suggest that the effect of tamoxifen on protein kinase C activity depends on the phospholipid environment of the enzyme, and opposite effects may be observed in intact cells to those seen in disrupted cells The action of tamoxifen on endogenous protein phosphorylation was thought to be due to direct interaction with the phospholipid binding domain of the enzyme rather than by interaction with the estrogen receptor or the antiestrogen binding site Nevertheless, our results do not rule out a possible activation by tamoxifen of specific protein kinase(s) and phosphatase(s) In any case, the antiproliferative activity of tamoxifen on MCF-7 cells cannot be attributed to its effects on protein kinase C