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Institution

Paul Sabatier University

EducationToulouse, France
About: Paul Sabatier University is a education organization based out in Toulouse, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Adipose tissue. The organization has 15431 authors who have published 23386 publications receiving 858364 citations.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The physics of photoinduced heat generation in plasmonic structures is investigated by using a novel thermal microscopy technique based on molecular fluorescence polarization anisotropy, which shows that the heat source density is much more contrasted.
Abstract: We investigate the physics of photoinduced heat generation in plasmonic structures by using a novel thermal microscopy technique based on molecular fluorescence polarization anisotropy. This technique enables us to image the heat source distribution in light-absorbing systems such as plasmonic nanostructures. While the temperature distribution in plasmonic nanostructures is always fairly uniform because of the fast thermal diffusion in metals, we show that the heat source density is much more contrasted. Unexpectedly the heat origin (thermal hot spots) usually does not correspond to the optical hot spots of the plasmon mode. Numerical simulations based on the Green dyadic method confirm our observations and enable us to derive the general physical rules governing heat generation in plasmonic structures.

284 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An example concerning temperature series from France confirms that a systematic comparison of the series together is valuable and allows us to correct the data even when no reliable series can be taken as a reference.
Abstract: Summary. Many long instrumental climate records are available and might provide useful information in climate research.These series are usually affected by artificial shifts, due to changes in the conditions of measurement and various kinds of spurious data. A comparison with surrounding weather-stations by means of a suitable two-factor model allows us to check the reliability of the series. An adapted penalized log-likelihood procedure is used to detect an unknown number of breaks and outliers. An example concerning temperature series from France confirms that a systematic comparison of the series together is valuable and allows us to correct the data even when no reliable series can be taken as a reference.

283 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A combined reanalysis of four ERP studies in children from 4 to 15 years of age and adults, which investigated face processing in implicit and explicit tasks, suggests that there are functionally different sources of the P1 and N170, related to the processing of different aspects of faces.
Abstract: The understanding of the adult proficiency in recognizing and extracting information from faces is still limited despite the number of studies over the last decade. Our knowledge on the development of these capacities is even more restricted, as only a handful of such studies exist. Here we present a combined reanalysis of four ERP studies in children from 4 to 15 years of age and adults (n = 424, across the studies), which investigated face processing in implicit and explicit tasks. We restricted these analyses to what was common across studies: early ERP components and upright face processing across all four studies and the inversion effect, investigated in three of the studies. These data demonstrated that processing faces implicates very rapid neural activity, even in young children— at the P1 component—with protracted age-related change in both P1 and N170, that were sensitive to the different task demands. Inversion produced latency and amplitude effects on the P1 from the youngest group, but on N170 only starting in mid childhood. These developmental data suggest that there are functionally different sources of the P1 and N170, related to the processing of different aspects of faces.

282 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is found that serine proteases secreted by activated mast cells generate mature forms of IL-33 with potent activity on ILC2s, which are 30-fold more potent than full-length human IL-331–270 for activation of I LC2s ex vivo.
Abstract: Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is an alarmin cytokine from the IL-1 family. IL-33 activates many immune cell types expressing the interleukin 1 receptor-like 1 (IL1RL1) receptor ST2, including group-2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s, natural helper cells, nuocytes), the major producers of IL-5 and IL-13 during type-2 innate immune responses and allergic airway inflammation. IL-33 is likely to play a critical role in asthma because the IL33 and ST2/IL1RL1 genes have been reproducibly identified as major susceptibility loci in large-scale genome-wide association studies. A better understanding of the mechanisms regulating IL-33 activity is thus urgently needed. Here, we investigated the role of mast cells, critical effector cells in allergic disorders, known to interact with ILC2s in vivo. We found that serine proteases secreted by activated mast cells (chymase and tryptase) generate mature forms of IL-33 with potent activity on ILC2s. The major forms produced by mast cell proteases, IL-3395–270, IL-33107–270, and IL-33109–270, were 30-fold more potent than full-length human IL-331–270 for activation of ILC2s ex vivo. They induced a strong expansion of ILC2s and eosinophils in vivo, associated with elevated concentrations of IL-5 and IL-13. Murine IL-33 is also cleaved by mast cell tryptase, and a tryptase inhibitor reduced IL-33–dependent allergic airway inflammation in vivo. Our study identifies the central cleavage/activation domain of IL-33 (amino acids 66–111) as an important functional domain of the protein and suggests that interference with IL-33 cleavage and activation by mast cell and other inflammatory proteases could be useful to reduce IL-33–mediated responses in allergic asthma and other inflammatory diseases.

281 citations


Authors

Showing all 15486 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Yury Gogotsi171956144520
Tobin J. Marks1591621111604
L. Montier13840397094
Jean-Paul Kneib13880589287
Olivier Forni13754895819
J. Aumont13129995006
Julian I. Schroeder12031550323
Bruno Vellas118101170667
Christopher G. Goetz11665159510
Didier Dubois11374254741
Alain Dufresne11135845904
Henri Prade10891754583
Louis Bernatchez10656835682
Walter Wahli10536549372
Patrice D. Cani10037049523
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202332
202293
2021759
2020753
2019728
2018622