Institution
Paul Sabatier University
Education•Toulouse, France•
About: Paul Sabatier University is a education organization based out in Toulouse, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Adipose tissue. The organization has 15431 authors who have published 23386 publications receiving 858364 citations.
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TL;DR: In this article, the azimuthal orientation of the quasar sight-lines with strong Mg II absorption (withW 2796 r > 0:3 ˚ A) is shown to be bi-modal.
Abstract: Background quasars are potentially sensitive probes of galactic outflows provided that one can determine the origin of the absorbing material since both gaseous disks and strong bipolar outflows can contribute to the absorption cross-section. Using a dozen quasars passing near spectroscopically identified galaxies at z 0:1, we find that the azimuthal orientation of the quasar sight-lines with strong Mg II absorption (withW 2796 r > 0:3 ˚ A) is bi-modal: about half the Mg II sight-lines are aligned with the major axis and the other half are within = 30 of the minor axis, suggesting that bipolar outflows can contribute to the Mg II cross-section. This bi-modality is also present in the instantaneous star-formation rates (SFRs) of the hosts. For the sight-lines aligned along the minor axis, a simple bi-conical wind model is indeed able to reproduce the observed Mg II kinematics and the Mg II dependence with impact parameter b, (W 2796 r / b 1 ). Using our wind model, we can directly extract key wind properties such as the de-projected outflow speed Vout of the cool material traced by Mg II and the outflow rates _ Mout. The outflow speeds Vout are found to be 150-300 kms 1 , i.e. of the order of the circular velocity, and smaller than the escape velocity by a factor of 2. The outflow rates _ Mout are typically two to three times the instantaneous SFRs. Our results demonstrate how background quasars can be used to measure wind properties with high precision.
263 citations
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University of Leeds1, University of Edinburgh2, University College London3, University of Exeter4, Imperial College London5, National University of Saint Anthony the Abbot in Cuzco6, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno7, National Institute of Amazonian Research8, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso9, Universidade Federal do Acre10, University of Los Andes11, University of Washington12, Environmental Change Institute13, Centre national de la recherche scientifique14, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi15, Lancaster University16, University of Lorraine17, Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana18, Smithsonian Institution19, University of Montpellier20, James Cook University21, Wageningen University and Research Centre22, Agro ParisTech23, Naturalis24, University of Amsterdam25, Federal University of Western Pará26, State University of Campinas27, National Institute for Space Research28, Florida International University29, University of São Paulo30, Tropenbos International31, Amazon.com32, Federal University of Pará33, Michigan Technological University34, University of Texas at Austin35, Polytechnic University of Valencia36, Venezuelan Institute for Scientific Research37, Royal Museum for Central Africa38, Tecnológico de Antioquia39, George Mason University40, Universidad del Tolima41, National University of Colombia42, Paul Sabatier University43, Georgetown University44, University of La Serena45, Forestry Commission46, Federal University of Alagoas47, Duke University48, Van Hall Larenstein University of Applied Sciences49, University of Nottingham50
TL;DR: A slow shift to a more dry‐affiliated Amazonia is underway, with changes in compositional dynamics consistent with climate‐change drivers, but yet to significantly impact whole‐community composition.
Abstract: Most of the planet's diversity is concentrated in the tropics, which includes many regions undergoing rapid climate change. Yet, while climate‐induced biodiversity changes are widely documented elsewhere, few studies have addressed this issue for lowland tropical ecosystems. Here we investigate whether the floristic and functional composition of intact lowland Amazonian forests have been changing by evaluating records from 106 long‐term inventory plots spanning 30 years. We analyse three traits that have been hypothesized to respond to different environmental drivers (increase in moisture stress and atmospheric CO2 concentrations): maximum tree size, biogeographic water‐deficit affiliation and wood density. Tree communities have become increasingly dominated by large‐statured taxa, but to date there has been no detectable change in mean wood density or water deficit affiliation at the community level, despite most forest plots having experienced an intensification of the dry season. However, among newly recruited trees, dry‐affiliated genera have become more abundant, while the mortality of wet‐affiliated genera has increased in those plots where the dry season has intensified most. Thus, a slow shift to a more dry‐affiliated Amazonia is underway, with changes in compositional dynamics (recruits and mortality) consistent with climate‐change drivers, but yet to significantly impact whole‐community composition. The Amazon observational record suggests that the increase in atmospheric CO2 is driving a shift within tree communities to large‐statured species and that climate changes to date will impact forest composition, but long generation times of tropical trees mean that biodiversity change is lagging behind climate change.
263 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, Brucite dissolution and precipitation rates were measured at 25°C in a mixed-flow reactor as a function of pH (2.5 to 12), ionic strength (10−4 to 3 M), saturation index (−12 MgOH2+ species at pH MgO° and >MgO− as pH increases to 10−12.
261 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the boundary of the domain of the nonstoichiometric tetragonal form of zirconia is defined and the changes in the structural parameters (unitcell, positional parameters and thermal B factors) with temperature give evidence of medium Zr-O bonds.
Abstract: The high-temperature structure of zirconia was studied by powder neutron diffraction up to 2400/sup 0/C. The boundaries of the domain of the nonstoichiometric tetragonal form are defined. They are consistent with a tetragonal-cubic transition at 2350/sup 0/C for stoichiometric zirconia. The changes in the structural parameters of the tetragonal form (unit-cell, positional parameters and thermal B factors) with temperature give evidence of medium zirconium and oxygen mobilities. The oxygen ions are, however, always more mobile than the zirconium ions. An enhancement with temperature of the structural anisotropy tends to weaken the weaker of the two distinct Zr-O bonds of the tetragonal zirconia. It results in the transformation into the cubic form which is accompanied by a change in unit-cell volume; this change becomes sharper as the composition tends toward stoichiometry. This transition is probably followed by an increase of the ionic mobility.
261 citations
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TL;DR: A simple mathematical model of regulation of division of labor in insect societies based on fixed-response thresholds that can account for experimental observations of Wilson (1984), extended to more complicated situations, and explored its properties are introduced.
261 citations
Authors
Showing all 15486 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Yury Gogotsi | 171 | 956 | 144520 |
Tobin J. Marks | 159 | 1621 | 111604 |
L. Montier | 138 | 403 | 97094 |
Jean-Paul Kneib | 138 | 805 | 89287 |
Olivier Forni | 137 | 548 | 95819 |
J. Aumont | 131 | 299 | 95006 |
Julian I. Schroeder | 120 | 315 | 50323 |
Bruno Vellas | 118 | 1011 | 70667 |
Christopher G. Goetz | 116 | 651 | 59510 |
Didier Dubois | 113 | 742 | 54741 |
Alain Dufresne | 111 | 358 | 45904 |
Henri Prade | 108 | 917 | 54583 |
Louis Bernatchez | 106 | 568 | 35682 |
Walter Wahli | 105 | 365 | 49372 |
Patrice D. Cani | 100 | 370 | 49523 |