Institution
Paul Scherrer Institute
Facility•Villigen, Switzerland•
About: Paul Scherrer Institute is a facility organization based out in Villigen, Switzerland. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Neutron & Large Hadron Collider. The organization has 9248 authors who have published 23984 publications receiving 890129 citations. The organization is also known as: PSI.
Topics: Neutron, Large Hadron Collider, Aerosol, Magnetization, Muon
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: In this paper, the activation energies for monomeric and dimeric sites were evaluated to be about 36kJ/mol and 77kJ /mol, respectively, for the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO by NH3.
Abstract: The activities of different iron species in Fe-ZSM-5 for the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO by NH3 were determined in terms of their turnover frequencies (TOF values). The relative concentrations of different species were correlated with their measured NOx reduction efficiencies and NH3 oxidation activities. Our results suggest that the SCR of NO by NH3 is catalyzed by different active sites with different activation energies. At temperatures below 300 °C, the SCR activity was observed to be primarily caused by monomeric iron sites; however, at T > 300 °C, T ≥ 400 °C and T ≥ 500 °C, the contribution of dimeric iron species, oligomeric species (e.g., trimeric and tetrameric iron species) and partially uncoordinated iron sites in the outmost layer of iron oxide particles, respectively, become important. The activation energies for monomeric and dimeric sites were evaluated to be about 36 kJ/mol and 77 kJ/mol, respectively. Due to their high activation energies, dimeric sites contributed more to the overall SCR activity at higher temperatures than did monomeric sites. The clustered sites not only contributed to the SCR activity but also caused nonselective oxidation of NH3 at T ≥ 350 °C, whereas the dimeric species governed the NH3 oxidation activity up to T = 500 °C. The TOF values for dimeric species were estimated to be 70 ± 13 s−1 at 500 °C. Monomeric sites were found to be completely inactive for NH3 oxidation up to 500 °C.
202 citations
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TL;DR: It is found that the precision in range can be improved by a detailed analysis of the calibration data obtained from tissue-substitute measurements, by a factor of 2.5.
Abstract: Proton radiography is investigated for its use as a quality control tool in proton therapy. Images were produced both with range and range uncertainty information of protons passing through phantoms (Alderson phantom and a sheep's head). With the range images the correct positioning of the patient with respect to the beam could be verified. The range uncertainty images were used to quantitatively detect range variations of protons passing through inhomogeneities in the patient. These measurements can be used to indicate critical situations during proton therapy or to determine the safety margin around the tumor volume. With the range information the precision of different calibrations of computer tomography Hounsfield values to relative proton stopping power, used for proton treatment planning, was determined. It is found that the precision in range can be improved by a detailed analysis of the calibration data obtained from tissue-substitute measurements, by a factor of 2.5. The resulting range errors are in the order of the positioning precision (approximately 1 mm).
202 citations
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Duke University1, University of Nottingham2, University of Toronto3, CERN4, University of Cincinnati5, University of California, Irvine6, Northern Illinois University7, Russian Academy of Sciences8, University College London9, University of Zaragoza10, Heidelberg University11, University of Groningen12, Paul Scherrer Institute13, Institute for Advanced Study14, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare15, University of Birmingham16, University of Valencia17, University of Milan18, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory19, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla20, University of Bristol21, University of Victoria22, Aix-Marseille University23, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory24, KAIST25, University of Oxford26
TL;DR: The Physics Beyond Colliders initiative as discussed by the authors is an exploratory study aimed at exploiting the full scientific potential of the CERN's accelerator complex and scientific infrastructures through projects complementary to the LHC and other possible future colliders.
Abstract: The Physics Beyond Colliders initiative is an exploratory study aimed at exploiting the full scientific potential of the CERN's accelerator complex and scientific infrastructures through projects complementary to the LHC and other possible future colliders. These projects will target fundamental physics questions in modern particle physics. This document presents the status of the proposals presented in the framework of the Beyond the Standard Model physics working group, and explore their physics reach and the impact that CERN could have in the next 10-20 years on the international landscape.
202 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the underlying science, thermodynamics and kinetics of the pertinent reactions, and describes the latest advances in solar thermochemical reactor technology is presented, as well as the application of solar-driven gasification.
Abstract: Given the future importance of solid carbonaceous feedstocks such as coal, coke, biomass, bitumen, and carbon-containing wastes for the power and chemical industries, gasification technologies for their thermochemical conversion into fluid fuels are developing rapidly. Solar-driven gasification, in which concentrated solar radiation is supplied as the energy source of high-temperature process heat to the endothermic reactions, offers an attractive alternative to conventional autothermal processes. It has the potential to produce high-quality synthesis gas with higher output per unit of feedstock and lower specific CO2 emissions, as the calorific value of the feedstock is upgraded through the solar energy input by an amount equal to the enthalpy change of the reaction. The elimination of an air separation unit further facilitates economic competitiveness. Ultimately, solar-driven gasification is an efficient means of storing intermittent solar energy in a transportable and dispatchable chemical form. This review article develops some of the underlying science, examines the thermodynamics and kinetics of the pertinent reactions, and describes the latest advances in solar thermochemical reactor technology.
202 citations
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TL;DR: In this analysis, the potential for V2G systems to supply a number of electricity submarkets and concomitantly accelerate the diffusion of advanced vehicle technologies, including hybrid-electric and fuel cell drivetrains is explored.
202 citations
Authors
Showing all 9348 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Andrea Bocci | 172 | 2402 | 176461 |
Tobin J. Marks | 159 | 1621 | 111604 |
Wolfgang Wagner | 156 | 2342 | 123391 |
David D'Enterria | 150 | 1592 | 116210 |
Andreas Pfeiffer | 149 | 1756 | 131080 |
Christoph Grab | 144 | 1359 | 144174 |
Maurizio Pierini | 143 | 1782 | 104406 |
Alexander Belyaev | 142 | 1895 | 100796 |
Ajit Kumar Mohanty | 141 | 1124 | 93062 |
Felicitas Pauss | 141 | 1623 | 104493 |
Chiara Mariotti | 141 | 1426 | 98157 |
Luc Pape | 141 | 1441 | 130253 |
Rainer Wallny | 141 | 1661 | 105387 |
Roland Horisberger | 139 | 1471 | 100458 |
Emmanuelle Perez | 138 | 1550 | 99016 |