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Institution

Paul Scherrer Institute

FacilityVilligen, Switzerland
About: Paul Scherrer Institute is a facility organization based out in Villigen, Switzerland. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Neutron & Large Hadron Collider. The organization has 9248 authors who have published 23984 publications receiving 890129 citations. The organization is also known as: PSI.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the role of several policy instruments in managing energy security and climate risks and stimulating technological change towards a more secure and climate-benign global energy system in the long-term future is examined.

196 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: VEGF-A165b has attenuated signaling potential through VEGF receptor 2 defining this new member of the V EGF family as a partial receptor agonist.
Abstract: The development of functional blood and lymphatic vessels requires spatio-temporal coordination of the production and release of growth factors such as vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs). VEGF family proteins are produced in multiple isoforms with distinct biological properties and bind to three types of VEGF receptors. A VEGF-A splice variant, VEGF-A(165)b, has recently been isolated from kidney epithelial cells. This variant is identical to VEGF-A(165) except for the last six amino acids encoded by an alternative exon. VEGF-A(165)b and VEGF-A(165) bind VEGF receptors 1 and 2 with similar affinity. VEGF-A(165)b elicits drastically reduced activity in angiogenesis assays and even counteracts signaling by VEGF-A(165). VEGF-A(165)b weakly binds to heparan sulfate and does not interact with neuropilin-1, a coreceptor for VEGF receptor 2. To determine the molecular basis for altered signaling by VEGF-A(165)b we measured VEGF receptor 2 and ERK kinase activity in endothelial cells in culture. VEGF-A(165) induced strong and sustained activation of VEGF receptor 2 and ERK-1 and -2, while activation by VEGF-A(165)b was only weak and transient. Taken together these data show that VEGF-A(165)b has attenuated signaling potential through VEGF receptor 2 defining this new member of the VEGF family as a partial receptor agonist.

196 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a search for a light charged Higgs boson that can be produced in the decay of the top quark to charged H and b quark and which, in turn, decays into tau and tau neutrino is presented.
Abstract: Results are presented on a search for a light charged Higgs boson that can be produced in the decay of the top quark to charged H and b quark and which, in turn, decays into tau and tau neutrino. The analysed data correspond to an integrated luminosity of about 2 inverse femtobarns recorded in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV by the CMS experiment at the LHC. The search is sensitive to the decays of the top quark pairs t anti-t to charged Higgs W b anti-b and t anti-t to charged Higgs b anti-b. Various final states have been studied separately, all requiring presence of a tau lepton from charged Higgs decays, missing transverse energy, and multiple jets. Upper limits on the branching fraction B(t to charged Higgs b) in the range of 2-3% are established for charged Higgs boson masses between 80 and 160 GeV, under the assumption that B(charged Higgs to tau anti-tau neutrino) = 1.

196 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
19 Jan 2018
TL;DR: In this article, a review of the role of organic matter in the formation of ice nucleating particles (INPs) is presented, summarizing and highlighting recent advances in understanding of the ice nucleation process gained from theoretical, laboratory, and field studies.
Abstract: Predicting the formation of ice in the atmosphere presents one of the great challenges in physical sciences with important implications for the chemistry and composition of the Earth’s atmosphere, the hydrological cycle, and climate. Among atmospheric ice formation processes, heterogeneous ice nucleation proceeds on aerosol particles ranging from a few nanometers to micrometers in size, commonly referred to as ice nucleating particles (INPs). Research over the last two decades has demonstrated that organic matter (OM) is ubiquitous in the atmosphere, present as organic aerosol (OA) particles or as coatings on other particle types. The physicochemical properties of OM make predicting how OM can contribute to the INP population challenging. This review focuses on the role of OM in INPs, summarizing and highlighting recent advances in our understanding of the ice nucleation process gained from theoretical, laboratory, and field studies. Examination of ice residuals and INPs with analytical techniques demonst...

195 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Aug 2010-Carbon
TL;DR: In this paper, the structural evolution of graphitic compounds was monitored by combining XRD and visible (green) Raman spectroscopy as well as, for the first time, near-infrared Raman and synchrotron-based C-XANES spectroscopies.

195 citations


Authors

Showing all 9348 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Andrea Bocci1722402176461
Tobin J. Marks1591621111604
Wolfgang Wagner1562342123391
David D'Enterria1501592116210
Andreas Pfeiffer1491756131080
Christoph Grab1441359144174
Maurizio Pierini1431782104406
Alexander Belyaev1421895100796
Ajit Kumar Mohanty141112493062
Felicitas Pauss1411623104493
Chiara Mariotti141142698157
Luc Pape1411441130253
Rainer Wallny1411661105387
Roland Horisberger1391471100458
Emmanuelle Perez138155099016
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202363
2022199
20211,299
20201,442
20191,330
20181,298