Institution
Paul Scherrer Institute
Facility•Villigen, Switzerland•
About: Paul Scherrer Institute is a facility organization based out in Villigen, Switzerland. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Neutron & Large Hadron Collider. The organization has 9248 authors who have published 23984 publications receiving 890129 citations. The organization is also known as: PSI.
Topics: Neutron, Large Hadron Collider, Scattering, Catalysis, Aerosol
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: In this paper, the coherence requirements for efficient operation of an X-ray grating interferometer are discussed, and a Talbot-Lau geometry, in which an array of equidistant secondary sources is used, can be used to decouple fringe visibility in the inter-ferometer (and thus, its efficiency) from the total size of the Xray source.
Abstract: The coherence requirements for efficient operation of an X-ray grating interferometer are discussed. It is shown how a Talbot–Lau geometry, in which an array of equidistant secondary sources is used, can be used to decouple fringe visibility in the interferometer (and thus, its efficiency) from the total size of the X-ray source. This principle can be used for phase-contrast radiography and tomography with sources of low brilliance, such as X-ray tubes.
181 citations
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TL;DR: A new environmental reaction smog chamber was built to simulate particle formation and growth similar to that expected in the atmosphere, and particle formation was compared with and without propene.
Abstract: A new environmental reaction smog chamber was built to simulate particle formation and growth similar to that expected in the atmosphere. The organic material is formed from nucleation of photooxidized organic compounds. The chamber is a 27 m3 fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) bag suspended in a temperature-controlled enclosure. Four xenon arc lamps (16 kW total) are used to irradiate primary gas components for experiments lasting up to 24 h. Experiments using irradiations of 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene-NOx-H2O at similar input concentrations without seed particles were used to determine particle number and volume concentration wall loss rates of 0.209+/-0.018 and 0.139+/-0.070 h(-1), respectively. The particle formation was compared with and without propene.
181 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors identify, by analyzing evaporation rates, the predominant thermochemical reactions of the heavy metals with other constituents of fly ash, with respect to volatilization.
Abstract: Thermal treatment is a promising way for the decontamination and inertization of residues from waste incineration. The evaporation of heavy metal compounds thereby is of great significance. It is the goal of this work to identify, by analyzing evaporation rates, the predominant thermochemical reactions of the heavy metals with other constituents of fly ash, with respect to volatilization. To this end, experiments were performed with fly ash from a municipal solid waste (MSW) incineration plant as well as with synthetic powder mixtures in the temperature range of 670−1000 °C. The rates of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn evaporation can be described accurately by a simple first-order rate law and a rate coefficient which itself follows an exponential temperature dependence analogous to the Arrhenius equation. The degrees (completeness) as well as the rates of evaporation of the heavy metals are markedly influenced by chlorides contained in the fly ash, largely as NaCl. Experiments with model substrates indicate that the...
181 citations
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Vardan Khachatryan, Albert M. Sirunyan, Armen Tumasyan, Wolfgang Adam1 +2222 more•Institutions (151)
TL;DR: In this article, the multiplicity distribution of primary charged hadron multiplicity distributions for non-single-diffractive events in proton-proton collisions at center-of-mass energies of 0.9, 2.36, and 7 TeV, in five pseudorapidity ranges from |eta|<0.5 to |eta |<2.4.
Abstract: Measurements of primary charged hadron multiplicity distributions are presented for non-single-diffractive events in proton-proton collisions at centre-of-mass energies of sqrt(s) = 0.9, 2.36, and 7 TeV, in five pseudorapidity ranges from |eta|<0.5 to |eta|<2.4. The data were collected with the minimum-bias trigger of the CMS experiment during the LHC commissioning runs in 2009 and the 7 TeV run in 2010. The multiplicity distribution at sqrt(s) = 0.9 TeV is in agreement with previous measurements. At higher energies the increase of the mean multiplicity with sqrt(s) is underestimated by most event generators. The average transverse momentum as a function of the multiplicity is also presented. The measurement of higher-order moments of the multiplicity distribution confirms the violation of Koba-Nielsen-Olesen scaling that has been observed at lower energies.
181 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss recent experimental and theoretical developments in ultrafast X-ray absorption spectroscopies (XAS) and explore the new opportunities they offer, as well as the driving force for new theoretical methods permitting a detailed interpretation of the spectra in terms of the geometrical and electronic properties of the system.
181 citations
Authors
Showing all 9348 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Andrea Bocci | 172 | 2402 | 176461 |
Tobin J. Marks | 159 | 1621 | 111604 |
Wolfgang Wagner | 156 | 2342 | 123391 |
David D'Enterria | 150 | 1592 | 116210 |
Andreas Pfeiffer | 149 | 1756 | 131080 |
Christoph Grab | 144 | 1359 | 144174 |
Maurizio Pierini | 143 | 1782 | 104406 |
Alexander Belyaev | 142 | 1895 | 100796 |
Ajit Kumar Mohanty | 141 | 1124 | 93062 |
Felicitas Pauss | 141 | 1623 | 104493 |
Chiara Mariotti | 141 | 1426 | 98157 |
Luc Pape | 141 | 1441 | 130253 |
Rainer Wallny | 141 | 1661 | 105387 |
Roland Horisberger | 139 | 1471 | 100458 |
Emmanuelle Perez | 138 | 1550 | 99016 |