Paul Scherrer Institute

About: Paul Scherrer Institute is a facility organization based out in Villigen, Switzerland. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Neutron & Large Hadron Collider. The organization has 9248 authors who have published 23984 publications receiving 890129 citations. The organization is also known as: PSI.

Submicrometer gratings for solar energy applications.

Abstract: Diffractive optical structures for increasing the efficiency of crystalline silicon solar cells are discussed. As a consequence of the indirect band gap, light absorption becomes very ineffective near the band edge. This can be remedied by use of optimized diffraction gratings that lead to light trapping. We present blazed gratings that increase the optically effective cell thickness by approximately a factor of 5. In addition we present a wideband antireflection structure for glass that consists of a diffraction grating with a dielectric overcoat, which leads to an average reflection of less than 0.6% in the wavelength range between 300 and 2100 nm.

Minimizing light absorption measurement artifacts of the Aethalometer: evaluation of five correction algorithms

Abstract: Obtaining a good description of aerosol optical properties for a physically and chemically complex evolving aerosol is computationally very expensive at present. The goal of this work is to propose a new numerical module computing the optical properties for 5 complex aerosol particles at low numerical cost so that it can be implemented in atmospheric models. This method aims to compute the optical properties online as a function of a given complex refractive index deduced from the aerosol chemical composition and the size parameters corresponding to the particles. The construction of look-up tables from the imaginary and the real part of the com10 plex refractive index and size parameters will also be explained. This approach is validated for observations acquired during the EUCAARI campaign on the Cabauw tower during May 2008 and its computing cost is also estimated. These comparisons show that the module manages to reproduce the scattering and absorbing behaviour of the aerosol during most of the fifteen-day period of observation 15 with a very cheap computationally cost.

FCC Physics Opportunities: Future Circular Collider Conceptual Design Report Volume 1

Abstract: We review the physics opportunities of the Future Circular Collider, covering its e+e-, pp, ep and heavy ion programmes. We describe the measurement capabilities of each FCC component, addressing the study of electroweak, Higgs and strong interactions, the top quark and flavour, as well as phenomena beyond the Standard Model. We highlight the synergy and complementarity of the different colliders, which will contribute to a uniquely coherent and ambitious research programme, providing an unmatchable combination of precision and sensitivity to new physics.