Showing papers by "Phoenix Contact published in 2011"

Building Software-Defined Radios in MATLAB Simulink - A Step Towards Cognitive Radios

Abstract: Software Defined Radio (SDR) is a flexible architecture which can be configured to adapt various wireless standards, waveforms, frequency bands, bandwidths, and modes of operations. This paper presents a detailed survey of the existing hardware and software platform for SDRs. It also presents prototype system for designing and testing of software defined radios in MATLAB/Simulink and briefly discusses the salient functions of the prototype system for Cognitive Radio (CR). A prototype system for wireless personal area network is built and interfaced with a Universal Software Radio Peripheral-2 (USRP2) main-board and RFX2400 daughter board from Ettus Research LLC. The philosophy behind the prototype is to do all waveform-specific processing such as channel coding, modulation, filtering etc. on a host (PC) and general purpose high-speed operations like digital up and down conversion, decimation and interpolation etc. inside FPGA on an USRP2. MATLAB has a rich family of toolboxes that allows building software-defined and cognitive radio to explore various spectrum sensing, prediction and management techniques.

Pluggable surge protection system

Abstract: A surge protection system including a pluggable surge protection cartridge and its corresponding base is disclosed. The cartridge includes a housing, a surge protection assembly situated within the housing containing a surge protection element and a plurality of cartridge contacts in electrical contact with the surge protection assembly. The cartridge contacts are configured to engage a base within an electrical load center to carry a surge current from the load center across an electrical path of the surge protection assembly through the surge protection element. The cartridge is configured to be situated within the base such that the cartridge is removable from the base while the base remains in electrical contact with the load center.

Building cognitive radios in MATLAB Simulink — A step towards future wireless technology

Abstract: Cognitive Radio (CR) is a future radio technology that is aware of its environment, internal state and can change its operating behavior (transmitter parameters) accordingly. It is intended to coexist with primary users (PUs) for using the underutilized spectrum without any harmful interference. Its key domains are sensing, cognition and adaptation. This paper presents a detailed survey of coexistence techniques used in IEEE 802 wireless network standards family to reduce the interference between different types of networks. It also presents a prototype system for designing and testing cognitive radios built on top of software defined radio in a MATLAB/-Simulink and interfaced with a universal software radio peripheral-2 (USRP2) main-board and RFX2400 daughter board from Ettus Research LLC. The philosophy behind the prototype is to sense, predict and adjust the operating parameters to achieve the desired objectives. The PUs detection (sensing) is performed using the statistical (non-parametric) spectrum estimation techniques, which are more useful in a noisy environment. Regression-based statistical time-series modeling & analysis are carried for PU's channel behavior prediction for spectrum decisions. Software-defined radio is used for reconfigurability to adjust the operating parameters of the cognitive radios.

Terminal block for surge protection having integral disconnect

Abstract: A terminal block is disclosed that integrates a surge protection base, a disconnect and connection points to provide a Kelvin connection in which a surge protection element is in electrical communication with the ground and the connection points for incoming and outgoing wires. The terminal block includes a terminal body having a terminal body housing. a plurality of conductive elements arranged within the terminal body to create a continuous electrical path therethrough and a disconnect switch integral the terminal body, the switch arranged to open the continuous electrical path and expose a terminal. The terminal body is configured to receive a surge protection element and the surge protection element, when received in the terminal body, forms a portion of the continuous electrical path.

Thermal overload protection apparatus

Abstract: The subject matter of the invention is a thermal overload protection apparatus (20) for protecting an electrical component (12), in particular an electronic component, which thermal overload protection apparatus has a switching element (22) for short-circuiting connections (14, 16) of the component (12) and for interrupting an electrically conductive connection (24) between at least one of the connections (14) and a power supply element (26) of the overload protection apparatus (20), an actuator apparatus (28) for moving the switching element (22) into a corresponding short-circuiting position or isolating position and a tripping element, which thermosensitively trips the actuator apparatus (28) and is in the form of a separating element (30). The invention provides that the overload protection apparatus (20) has a base element (36), to which the separating element (30) is connected, wherein the base element (36) can be soldered by means of a standard soldered joint (38) on a side remote from the separating element (30). The invention also relates to a corresponding arrangement with a conductor track carrier (10), at least one component (12) arranged thereon and at least one associated overload protection apparatus (20) and to a method for producing a composite comprising a switching element (22), a base element (36) and a separating element (30).

Device for diverting surge currents or transient overvoltages

Abstract: The subject matter of the invention is a device for diverting surge currents or transient overvoltages ( 1 ), with a switching stage ( 2 ) and a switching element ( 3 ). The switching stage ( 2 ) is so designed as to switch on the switching element ( 3 ) upon identification of an overvoltage or a surge current. The switching element ( 3 ) is a reversible semiconductor switching element, while the switch-on event is achieved by operating of the switching element ( 3 ) outside of the specified parameters.

Electrical device with a plug-type connector and electrical plug-type connection

Abstract: Connection between an electrical device and a stationary base part, with a plug-type connector which can be fixed in floating fashion to a fixing plate of the device and with a corresponding mating plug-type connector which can be fixed to the base part, wherein the plug-type connector has a housing with at least one contact insert having a plurality of contact elements and at least one guide pin, wherein the mating plug-type connector has a housing with at least one mating contact insert having a plurality of mating contact elements and at least one guide hole In the case of the plug-type connection, compensation between the plug-type connector (3) and the mating plug-type connector (4) is possible when joining the electrical device (1) to the stationary base part (2) by virtue of the fact that at least one screw hole (11) is formed in the housing (5) of the plug-type connector (3), with it being possible for a fixing screw (12) which passes through the screw hole (11) to be screwed into a bore in a fixing plate (13) of an electrical device (1), and that the fixing screw (12) has screw head (14), a screw neck (15) and a screw end (16) with a thread, wherein the diameter of the screw head (14) is greater than the diameter of the screw hole (11), and the diameter of the screw neck (15) is substantially smaller than the diameter of the screw hole (11)

Electric plug connector for thermocouples, and method for producing same

Abstract: The invention relates to an electric plug connector for electrically connecting at least one first and a second thermocouple conductor, comprising at least one electrically conductive first and second contacting means. The first thermocouple conductor is to be connected to the first contacting means, and the second thermocouple conductor is to be connected to the second contacting means. The connector also comprises at least one first electric temperature sensor which is provided with a temperature sensing region and at least one first and one second electric contact, at least one part of the temperature sensing region of the first temperature sensor being directly connected to the first contacting means by a joint.

Thermal overload protection arrangement

Abstract: The subject matter of the invention is a thermal overload protection arrangement (40) for protection of an electrical component (12), which is arranged on a mount device (10) having current-carrying elements (14, 16), in particular an electronic component, wherein the overload protection arrangement (40) has a plurality of soldered connections (18, 20), which make electrical contact between in each case one of the current‑carrying elements (14, 16) and an associated connection (22, 24) of an electrical part and melt if the component (12) is overloaded, and a disconnection apparatus (30) for disconnection of at least one of these connections (18, 20). According to the invention, the part is or at least has the component (12), and the disconnection apparatus (30) is a disconnection apparatus which prestresses the component (12) with respect to the mount device (10) at least when it is heated for the physical separation of the component (12) from at least one of the current‑carrying elements (14, 16), which trips when the soldered connections (18, 20) melt. The invention also relates to a corresponding method for protection of a component (12).

Communication system and method for isochronous data transmission in real time

Abstract: The invention relates to a communication system (5) which has a PROFINET IRT system (40) with first communication devices (50, 60) for isochronous transmission. In order to also allow a conventional standard Ethernet communication device (10) to transmit real-time-critical data via the PROFINET IRT system (40), a specific IRT bridge device (30) is provided. The bridge device (30) has a timer (34), which is synchronized with the timers (57, 67) of the first communication devices (50, 60) in time. Furthermore, a device (31) is provided for evaluation of the transmission time of a real-time-critical data message which is received from the communication device (10), and a control device (33) is provided which controls the passing on of the associated real-time-critical data message to at least one second communication device (50, 60) depending on the evaluated transmission time.

Method for controlling pv installations in an electrical grid

Abstract: In an electrical grid (30) of a power supply utility the feed capacities of the photovoltaic installations (10) are controlled depending on feed requirements, the feed capacities of the photovoltaic installations (10) being reduced to a fraction factor (B) of the maximum possible feed capacity, which fraction factor is unequal zero. Each photovoltaic installation (10) comprises a photovoltaic inverter (20) and a feed power meter (50) on the AC side (20b) of the photovoltaic inverter (20), the feed power meter (50) on the AC side continuously measuring the power actually fed to the public electrical grid (30) and transmitting the respective measured power values. The maximum possible feed power of the photovoltaic installation (10) is then calculated using the fraction factor (B) and the continuously measured power values which are correlated therewith over time and the feed fee for the respective photovoltaic installation (10) is determined based on the maximum possible feed power calculated in that way.

Frame for a cable penetration system, and bush therefor

Abstract: The invention relates to a frame (1, 1 a, 1 b) for a cable penetration system Said frame, which is used for receiving a plurality of bushes (20, 120, 220), comprises at least one strip (2, 12) that is arranged at a distance from the frame and is lower than the adjacent frame Connection devices (3, 3′, 3″) suitable for receiving suitable mating pieces (23, 123, 223) for the connection devices are disposed on the strip (2, 12), the mating pieces being disposed on bushes (20, 120, 220) The connection devices (3, 3′, 3″) are arranged in such a way that bushes can be mounted in the frame essentially only in the direction normal to the frame The invention further relates to a bush (20, 120, 220) for a cable penetration system Said bush, which is to be received in a frame, comprises a main body, inside which a through-hole (21, 121, 221) is provided from a top side to a bottom side in the normal direction in order to receive a cable The bush comprises at least one strip (22, 122, 132, 222, 232, 322) which is arranged at a distance from the main body and is lower than the adjacent main body Connection devices (23, 123, 223) suitable for receiving suitable mating pieces (3, 3′, 3″) for the connection pieces are disposed on the strip, the mating pieces being disposes on a frame The connection devices (23, 123, 223) are arranged in such a way that the bush can be mounted in the frame essentially only in the direction normal to the frame, at least two connection devices (3, 3′, 3″) being arranged on the strip (2, 12) for each bush that is to be mounted

Plug-in connector as receptacle for a multi-wire cable

Abstract: The invention pertains to a plug-connector for insertion of a multi-wire cable, wherein the wires are attached with the clamping-cutting technique. The plug-in connector exhibits a substrate and a plurality of clamping-cutting devices configured on the substrate and suitable for the insertion of wires. A first subset of the plurality of clamping-cutting devices is located on top of the substrate, while a second subset of the plurality of clamping-cutting devices is located at the bottom of the substrate. The plug-in connector furthermore exhibits wiring flaps suitable for the hinged insertion of the wires into the clamping-cutting devices.

Redundant module with symmetrical current paths

Abstract: The invention relates to a redundant module for decoupling short-circuit currents in a redundant voltage supply. The redundant module comprises at least two power supply units, and the number of inputs corresponds at least to the number of power supply units. Each input is routed via a separate current path to a common current node of an output for providing an output current. Each current path forms a decoupling section, and at least one measuring element for measuring the input voltage, the input current, and/or the input power as well as a control element for regulation purposes are assigned to each decoupling section.

Electric connection terminal

Abstract: The invention relates to an electric connection terminal, comprising a terminal housing (22), in which an actuating trigger (10) for actuating a spring force element (26) arranged in the terminal housing (22) is movably arranged, wherein according to the invention the actuating trigger (10) has a labeling surface (12) on an end face surface (20) for marking the actuating trigger (10).

Bedruckungsobjekt und drucker zum bedrucken eines bedruckungsobjektes

Abstract: Die Erfindung betrifft ein Bedruckungsobjekt (10) und einen Drucker (11) zum Bedrucken eines Bedruckungsobjekts (10). Das Bedruckungsobjekt (10) weist auf einen bedruckbaren Druckbereich (1) und einem Kennzeichnungsbereich (2), wobei in dem Kennzeichnungsbereich (2) eine Kennzeichnung vorgesehen ist. Erfindungsgemas ist als Kennzeichnung eine Strichcode-Kennzeichnung (4, 5) mit einer Mehrzahl von hintereinander angeordneten Einzelstrichen (6) vorgesehen. Auf diese Weise wird ein derartiges Bedruckungsobjekt (10) bereitgestellt, mit dem auf einfache und sichere Weise gewahrleistbar ist, dass ein optimaler Druck erfolgt.

Electric distributor device

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed relating to an electric distributor device for connecting to at least one cable, comprising a guide device, a connection part, and a coupling nut for screwing onto the connection part. According to one illustrative implementation, the guide device may have a cable holder part for holding several cable end regions, each having at least one conductor and a conductor guide part for guiding the conductors by means of conductor guiding structures, wherein the insulation displacement connector device has a number of crimping clamps corresponding to the number of cables and each of the connectors is electrically connected to an assigned connection element. Here, for example, when the coupling nut which overlaps the guide device, is screwed onto the connection part, the conductor insulation of the conductors that run in the guide device may be severed by the crimping clamps.

Anschlussdose für ein solarpanel mit einer schutzschaltung

Abstract: Die Erfindung betrifft eine Anschlussdose fur ein Solarpanel mit einer Schutzschaltung, die einen Betriebszustand und einen Schutzzustand definiert. Die Schutzschaltung umfasst einen Kurzschlussschalter zwischen den ausgangsseitigen Anschlusselementen der ersten und zweiten externen Anschlussleitung und einen Freischalter zwischen dem Kurzschlussschalter und einem der Pole des Solarpanels, wobei in dem Schutzzustand der Kurzschlussschalter die ausgangsseitigen Anschlusselemente der ersten und zweiten externen Anschlussleitung miteinander kurzschliest und der Freischalter den Kurzschlussschalter zumindest einseitig von dem Solarpanel trennt.

Cable connection system and method for connecting a cable to a cable connection system

Abstract: The invention relates to a cable connection system (10), in particular a cable connector plug, comprising a guide device (14), a coupling nut (12) for screwing onto at least one connection element (22) and at least one connection part (28) that has an insulation displacement connector (24). The guide device (14) has a cable holder part (16) for holding and clamping an end region of a cable having at least one conductor and a conductor guide part (18) for guiding the conductor by means of at least one conductor guide structure (36). When the coupling nut (12), which overlaps the guide device (14), is screwed onto the connection part (28), the end region of the cable is clamped in the cable holder part (16) and the conductor insulation of the conductor that runs in the guide device (14) is severed by the insulation displacement connector (24). According to the invention, the guide device (14) has a shielding connection part (34), located in a connection region (32) between the cable holder part (16) and the conductor guide part (18), for holding and electrically contacting the end region of the cable shielding by means of at least one spring element (44). The invention also relates to a method for connecting a shielded cable to a cable connection system (10) of this type.

Electrical connecting device e.g. flattening corner contact for transmission of high current, has connector partially enclosing contact regions of contact elements and exhibiting fitting with finger elements for applying contact force

Abstract: The device has flat contact elements (10, 24) provided with respective flat contact regions (12, 26). A connector (34) is provided for connecting the contact regions. The connector partially encloses the contact regions when the contact regions are made to contact with each other. The connector exhibits two fitting with spring finger elements for applying contact force, where the finger elements are formed at a front side (36) of the connector. The connector is formed from a spring metallic strip or steel. One of the contact regions includes a directed curvature (28) in a contacted position.

Messanordnung zur erfassung von wechselströmen

Abstract: Die Erfindung bezieht sich eine auf Messanordnung zum Anschluss an ein Energie-& Leistungsmessgerat und zum Anschluss an eine Rogowski-Spule zur Erfassung von Wechselstromen eines zu messenden Leiters. Die Messanordnung weist eine Integratorschaltung zur Erzeugung eines dem erfassten Wechselstromes proportionalen Spannungssignals und einen Spannung/Strom-Wandler zur Erzeugung eines Ausgangsstromes welcher proportional zum von der Integratorschaltung erzeugten Spannungssignals ist, auf. Weiterhin bezieht sich die Erfindung auch auf ein Messsystem, welches eine der zuvor bezeichneten Messanordnung und eine Rogowski-Spule zur Erfassung von Wechselstromen eines zu messenden Leiters aufweist.

Kommunikationssystem zum verbinden von feldgeräten mit einer überlagerten steuereinrichtung

Abstract: Um kurzere Kommunikationszyklen erreichen zu konnen, schlagt die Erfindung ein Kommunikationssystem (20) vor, welches Feldgerate (150-156, 160-162) mit einer uberlagerten Steuereinrichtung (20) verbinden kann. Dazu ist eine Anschlusseinrichtung (40) vorgesehen, welche uber ein Ubertragungsmedium (30) mit einer uberlagerten Steuereinrichtung (20) verbindbar ist. Die Anschlusseinrichtung (40) weist wenigstens einen ersten Port (130-136) und wenigstens einen zweiten Port (140-142), an die jeweils ein Feldgerat angeschlossen werden kann. Die Anschlusseinrichtung (40) weist wenigstens eine Funktionseinrichtung (50-110) auf, die zwischen wenigstens einen ersten Port (136) und wenigstens einen zweiten Port (142) schaltbar ist. Die Funktionseinrichtung (80) ist dazu ausgebildet ist, unter Ansprechen auf die am ersten Port (136) ankommenden Eingangsdaten Ausgangsdaten, welche fur den zweiten Port (142) bestimmt sind, zu erzeugen.

Cable strain relief

Abstract: The invention relates to a cable strain relief for a cable. The cable strain relief comprises a strain relief element ( 20 ) and a retaining element ( 10 ). The retaining element ( 10 ) is intended to be connected to a mating piece ( 40 ). The strain relief element ( 20 ) and the retaining element ( 10 ) are designed such that said elements form a unit ( 1 ). The invention further relates to a connector set and a feedthrough set, which comprises an aforementioned cable strain relief ( 10, 20 ) and a mating piece ( 40 ). The mating piece ( 40 ) is intended to be connected to the retaining element ( 10 ) of the cable strain relief ( 10, 20 ), wherein the mating piece can be pushed onto a cable.

Process for establishing a VPN connection between two networks

Abstract: A VPN connection is established between two networks ( 1, 6 ), with two communication devices ( 2, 7 ) assigned to the given networks ( 1, 6 ), a transmission device ( 11 ), and an identifying means. An initial VPN data package is transmitted from the first communication device ( 2 ) to the transmission device ( 11 ). The second communication device is identified ( 7 ) to the transmission device ( 11 ) through use of the identifying means. A second VPN data package is transmitted from the second communicating device ( 7 ) to the transmission device ( 11 ). The transmission device ( 11 ) provides an initial VPN configuration parameter ( 12 ) for establishing the VPN connection between the communication devices ( 2, 7 ) for the first communication device ( 2 ), and the transmission device ( 11 ) provides a second VPN configuration parameter ( 13 ) for establishing the VPN connection between the communication devices ( 2, 7 ) for the second communication device ( 7 ).

Accumulator control device and method and system for auxiliary electrical power supply

Abstract: An accumulator control device includes a first electrical connection configured to connect the accumulator control device to a local accumulator. A second electrical connection is connected to the first electrical connection and configured to connect to a remote auxiliary electrical power supply device. A control unit is configured to measure at least one of a parameter of the accumulator and an environmental parameter and to transmit at least one of the at least one measured parameter and a value calculated using the at least one measured parameter to the remote auxiliary electrical power supply device via a communication interface.

Contact field for plug-in connectors

Abstract: The invention relates to a contact field for a plug-in connection for a twisted-pair cabling. The contact field is equipped with several metallic contacts for a connection with a twisted-pair socket, with each metallic contact having a feed line section for a connection with a circuit board. The metallic contacts are formed from contact plates, with at least two of the feed line sections being arranged offset relative to other feed line sections.

Method and device for parasitic current detection

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for parasitic current detection in a power supply system (10) which comprises at least one electrical unit (16), a power grid (14) having power paths (18, 20) for supplying the unit (14), and a central electrical feed system (12) for feeding electrical power to the power grid (14), wherein the feed system (12) is connected to a first power path (18) to which a reference potential (φ1) is applied, as well as to at least one second power path (20) to which a potential for generating an operating current (φ2) through the unit (16) is applied, wherein the first power path (18) is grounded by means of a defined grounding branch (22) of a terminal section (26) of the first power path (18) which is connected directly to the feed system (12) and is otherwise unbranched. According to the invention, the parasitic current is determined by comparing the operating current to a grounding current flowing through the grounding branch (22). The invention further relates to a device (40) for carrying out said method.

Overvoltage protection of data concentrators used in Smart Grid applications

Abstract: “Smart Grid” is a term used to define several phases of activities within the utility industry: from providing communications, monitoring and control capabilities for the energy infrastructure at the macro scale to controlling the energy usage of home appliances at the micro scale. This paper will address the segment of the Smart Grid activity that distributes data during last-mile connectivity between the data concentrator and the end user (home) level. Specifically, this paper will discuss the products and methodology required to protect outdoor link layer hardware from lightning strikes and current surges.