Pierre-and-Marie-Curie University

About: Pierre-and-Marie-Curie University is a education organization based out in Paris, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Raman spectroscopy. The organization has 34448 authors who have published 56139 publications receiving 2392398 citations.

Systemic low-grade inflammation is related to both circulating and adipose tissue TNFalpha, leptin and IL-6 levels in obese women.

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: We assessed the relationships between four circulating acute phase proteins and the circulating and adipose tissue levels of three adipocytokines. SUBJECTS: In all, 15 nondiabetic obese women with a body mass index (BMI) above 32 kg/m2 were investigated. METHOD: Circulating concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP), alpha 1 acid glycoprotein (AAG), fibrinogen, alpha 1 antitrypsin and both circulating and adipose tissue levels of interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α and leptin were measured by either nephelometry or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: We found a strong positive correlation between both circulating and adipose tissue levels of IL-6, TNFα and leptin and serum CRP levels. All these adipose tissue adipocytokines were also positively correlated with serum AAG levels. These correlations disappeared when adjusted for fat mass, suggesting that the relationship observed was dependent on fat amount. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate a strong relationship between adipocytokines and inflammatory markers, and suggest that cytokines secreted by adipose tissue in obese subjects could play a role in increased inflammatory proteins secretion by the liver.

Picture Changes During Blinks: Looking Without Seeing and Seeing Without Looking

Abstract: Observers inspected normal, high quality colour displays of everyday visual scenes while their eye movements were recorded. A large display change occurred each time an eye blink occurred. Display changes could either involve “Central Interest” or “Marginal Interest” locations, as determined from descriptions obtained from independent judges in a prior pilot experiment. Visual salience, as determined by luminance, colour, and position of the Central and Marginal Interest changes were equalized. The results obtained were very similar to those obtained in prior experiments showing failure to detect changes occurring simultaneously with saccades, flicker, or “mudsplashes” in the visual scene: Many changes were very hard to detect, and Marginal Interest changes were harder to detect than Central Interest changes. Analysis of eye movements showed, as expected, that the probability of detecting a change depended on the eye's distance from the change location. However a surprising finding was that both for Centr...

Polariton Superfluids Reveal Quantum Hydrodynamic Solitons

Abstract: A quantum fluid passing an obstacle behaves differently from a classical one. When the flow is slow enough, the quantum gas enters a superfluid regime, and neither whirlpools nor waves form around the obstacle. For higher flow velocities, it has been predicted that the perturbation induced by the defect gives rise to the turbulent emission of quantized vortices and to the nucleation of solitons. Using an interacting Bose gas of exciton-polaritons in a semiconductor microcavity, we report the transition from superfluidity to the hydrodynamic formation of oblique dark solitons and vortex streets in the wake of a potential barrier. The direct observation of these topological excitations provides key information on the mechanisms of superflow and shows the potential of polariton condensates for quantum turbulence studies.

CT-Definable Subtypes of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Statement of the Fleischner Society.

Abstract: Integration of visual characterization of emphysema and airway abnormalities with physiologic and quantitative CT assessment permits categorization of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease into distinct structurally and functionally defined subtypes.

Immune activation rapidly mirrored in a secondary sexual trait.

Abstract: A crucial assumption underlying most models of sexual selection is that sexual advertisements honestly reflect the phenotypic and/or genetic quality of their bearers ([1][1]). Here we show that experimental activation of the immune system is rapidly mirrored in the expression of a carotenoid-based