Polytechnic University of Catalonia

About: Polytechnic University of Catalonia is a education organization based out in Barcelona, Spain. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Finite element method & Population. The organization has 16006 authors who have published 45325 publications receiving 949306 citations. The organization is also known as: UPC - BarcelonaTECH & Technical University of Catalonia.

Detection of algebraic manipulation with applications to robust secret sharing and fuzzy extractors

Abstract: Consider an abstract storage device Σ(G) that can hold a single element x from a fixed, publicly known finite group G Storage is private in the sense that an adversary does not have read access to Σ(G) at all However, Σ(G) is non-robust in the sense that the adversary can modify its contents by adding some offset Δ ∈ G Due to the privacy of the storage device, the value Δ can only depend on an adversary's a priori knowledge of x We introduce a new primitive called an algebraic manipulation detection (AMD) code, which encodes a source s into a value x stored on Σ(G) so that any tampering by an adversary will be detected We give a nearly optimal construction of AMD codes, which can flexibly accommodate arbitrary choices for the length of the source s and security level We use this construction in two applications: - We show how to efficiently convert any linear secret sharing scheme into a robust secret sharing scheme, which ensures that no unqualified subset of players can modify their shares and cause the reconstruction of some value s′ ≠ s - We show how to build nearly optimal robust fuzzy extractors for several natural metrics Robust fuzzy extractors enable one to reliably extract and later recover random keys from noisy and non-uniform secrets, such as biometrics, by relying only on non-robust public storage In the past, such constructions were known only in the random oracle model, or required the entropy rate of the secret to be greater than half Our construction relies on a randomly chosen common reference string (CRS) available to all parties