Institution
Polytechnic University of Turin
Education•Turin, Piemonte, Italy•
About: Polytechnic University of Turin is a education organization based out in Turin, Piemonte, Italy. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Finite element method & Nonlinear system. The organization has 11553 authors who have published 41395 publications receiving 789320 citations. The organization is also known as: POLITO & Politecnico di Torino.
Topics: Finite element method, Nonlinear system, Population, Energy consumption, Boundary value problem
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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Columbia University Medical Center1, Columbia University2, Polytechnic University of Turin3, Duke University4, University of Toronto5, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia6, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center7, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center8, Henry Ford Health System9, University Health Network10
TL;DR: A computational platform that integrates the analysis of copy number variations and somatic mutations and unravels the landscape of in-frame gene fusions in glioblastoma provides insights into the pathogenesis of gliOBlastoma and highlights new targets for therapeutic intervention.
Abstract: Glioblastoma is one of the most challenging forms of cancer to treat. Here we describe a computational platform that integrates the analysis of copy number variations and somatic mutations and unravels the landscape of in-frame gene fusions in glioblastoma. We found mutations with loss of heterozygosity in LZTR1, encoding an adaptor of CUL3-containing E3 ligase complexes. Mutations and deletions disrupt LZTR1 function, which restrains the self renewal and growth of glioma spheres that retain stem cell features. Loss-of-function mutations in CTNND2 target a neural-specific gene and are associated with the transformation of glioma cells along the very aggressive mesenchymal phenotype. We also report recurrent translocations that fuse the coding sequence of EGFR to several partners, with EGFR-SEPT14 being the most frequent functional gene fusion in human glioblastoma. EGFR-SEPT14 fusions activate STAT3 signaling and confer mitogen independence and sensitivity to EGFR inhibition. These results provide insights into the pathogenesis of glioblastoma and highlight new targets for therapeutic intervention.
454 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, a comprehensive model to quantify disaster resilience of systems that is defined as the capability to sustain functionality and recover from losses generated by extreme events is presented. And the model combines loss estimation and recovery models and can be applied to critical facilities (e.g. hospitals, military buildings, etc.).
Abstract: This paper presents a comprehensive model to quantify disaster resilience of systems that is defined as the capability to sustain functionality and recover from losses generated by extreme events. The model combines loss estimation and recovery models and can be applied to critical facilities (e.g. hospitals, military buildings, etc.), as well as utility lifelines (e.g. electric power systems, transportation networks, water systems etc.) that are crucial to the response of recovery processes, decisions and policies. Current research trend leads toward the definition of complex recovery models that are able to describe the process over time and the spatial definition of recovery (e.g. meta-models for the case of health care facilities). The model has been applied to a network of hospitals in Memphis, Tennessee. The resilience framework can be used as a decision support tool to increase the resilience index of systems, such as health care facilities, and reduce disaster vulnerability and consequences.
453 citations
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Vienna University of Technology1, Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute2, University of Padua3, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic4, Masaryk University5, Polytechnic University of Turin6, University of Bath7, Energy Institute8, Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research9, Polish Academy of Sciences10, University of Barcelona11, University of Liverpool12, University of Queensland13, Imperial College London14, Technical University of Madrid15, University of Potsdam16, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ17, ETH Zurich18, University of Bologna19, University of Ulm20, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava21
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reviewed the current knowledge on flood regime changes in European rivers that has traditionally been obtained through two alternative research approaches: data-based detection of changes in observed flood events and modelled scenarios of future floods.
Abstract: There is growing concern that flooding is becoming more frequent and severe in Europe. A better understanding of flood regime changes and their drivers is therefore needed. The paper reviews the current knowledge on flood regime changes in European rivers that has traditionally been obtained through two alternative research approaches. The first approach is the data-based detection of changes in observed flood events. Current methods are reviewed together with their challenges and opportunities. For example, observation biases, the merging of different data sources and accounting for nonlinear drivers and responses. The second approach consists of modelled scenarios of future floods. Challenges and opportunities associated with flood change scenarios are discussed such as fully accounting for uncertainties in the modelling cascade and feedbacks. To make progress in flood change research, we suggest that a synthesis of these two approaches is needed. This can be achieved by focusing on long duration records and flood-rich and flood-poor periods rather than on short duration flood trends only, by formally attributing causes of observed flood changes, by validating scenarios against observed flood regime dynamics, and by developing low-dimensional models of flood changes and feedbacks. The paper finishes with a call for a joint European flood change research network.
450 citations
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TL;DR: TCP Westwood is a sender-side modification of the TCP congestion window algorithm that improves upon the performance of TCP Reno in wired as well as wireless networks where throughput improvements of up to 550% are observed.
Abstract: TCP Westwood (TCPW) is a sender-side modification of the TCP congestion window algorithm that improves upon the performance of TCP Reno in wired as well as wireless networks. The improvement is most significant in wireless networks with lossy links. In fact, TCPW performance is not very sensitive to random errors, while TCP Reno is equally sensitive to random loss and congestion loss and cannot discriminate between them. Hence, the tendency of TCP Reno to overreact to errors. An important distinguishing feature of TCP Westwood with respect to previous wireless TCP "extensions" is that it does not require inspection and/or interception of TCP packets at intermediate (proxy) nodes. Rather, TCPW fully complies with the end-to-end TCP design principle. The key innovative idea is to continuously measure at the TCP sender side the bandwidth used by the connection via monitoring the rate of returning ACKs. The estimate is then used to compute congestion window and slow start threshold after a congestion episode, that is, after three duplicate acknowledgments or after a timeout. The rationale of this strategy is simple: in contrast with TCP Reno which "blindly" halves the congestion window after three duplicate ACKs, TCP Westwood attempts to select a slow start threshold and a congestion window which are consistent with the effective bandwidth used at the time congestion is experienced. We call this mechanism faster recovery. The proposed mechanism is particularly effective over wireless links where sporadic losses due to radio channel problems are often misinterpreted as a symptom of congestion by current TCP schemes and thus lead to an unnecessary window reduction. Experimental studies reveal improvements in throughput performance, as well as in fairness. In addition, friendliness with TCP Reno was observed in a set of experiments showing that TCP Reno connections are not starved by TCPW connections. Most importantly, TCPW is extremely effective in mixed wired and wireless networks where throughput improvements of up to 550% are observed. Finally, TCPW performs almost as well as localized link layer approaches such as the popular Snoop scheme, without incurring the overhead of a specialized link layer protocol.
450 citations
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TL;DR: The results show that the proposed designs accomplish significant reductions in power dissipation, delay and transistor count compared to an exact design; moreover, two of the proposed multiplier designs provide excellent capabilities for image multiplication with respect to average normalized error distance and peak signal-to-noise ratio.
Abstract: Inexact (or approximate) computing is an attractive paradigm for digital processing at nanometric scales. Inexact computing is particularly interesting for computer arithmetic designs. This paper deals with the analysis and design of two new approximate 4-2 compressors for utilization in a multiplier. These designs rely on different features of compression, such that imprecision in computation (as measured by the error rate and the so-called normalized error distance) can meet with respect to circuit-based figures of merit of a design (number of transistors, delay and power consumption). Four different schemes for utilizing the proposed approximate compressors are proposed and analyzed for a Dadda multiplier. Extensive simulation results are provided and an application of the approximate multipliers to image processing is presented. The results show that the proposed designs accomplish significant reductions in power dissipation, delay and transistor count compared to an exact design; moreover, two of the proposed multiplier designs provide excellent capabilities for image multiplication with respect to average normalized error distance and peak signal-to-noise ratio (more than 50 dB for the considered image examples).
447 citations
Authors
Showing all 11854 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Rodney S. Ruoff | 164 | 666 | 194902 |
Silvia Bordiga | 107 | 498 | 41413 |
Sergio Ferrara | 105 | 726 | 44507 |
Enrico Rossi | 103 | 606 | 41255 |
Stefano Passerini | 102 | 771 | 39119 |
James Barber | 102 | 642 | 42397 |
Markus J. Buehler | 95 | 609 | 33054 |
Dario Farina | 94 | 832 | 32786 |
Gabriel G. Katul | 91 | 506 | 34088 |
M. De Laurentis | 84 | 275 | 54727 |
Giuseppe Caire | 82 | 825 | 40344 |
Christophe Fraser | 76 | 264 | 29250 |
Erasmo Carrera | 75 | 829 | 23981 |
Andrea Califano | 75 | 305 | 31348 |
Massimo Inguscio | 74 | 427 | 21507 |