Polytechnic University of Valencia

About: Polytechnic University of Valencia is a education organization based out in Valencia, Spain. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Catalysis & Population. The organization has 16282 authors who have published 40162 publications receiving 850234 citations.

Transforming Nano Metal Nonselective Particulates into Chemoselective Catalysts for Hydrogenation of Substituted Nitrobenzenes

Abstract: The hydrogenation of nitro compounds is an industrial process that has experienced a renovated interest in the last 10 years due to the discovery of highly selective and environmentally friendly solid catalysts. Particularly, the performance of chemoselective reactions in the presence of very sensitive groups such as double and triple CC bonds, with H2 as reductant and no soluble additives needed, had been elusive for decades. The discovery that gold nanoparticles on solid supports could carry out such a reaction very selectively invigorated this area of research and claimed gold as an outstanding catalyst beyond oxidation processes. Subsequent work, devoted to understand how gold catalysts operate, established a strong basis for the design of more efficient materials and the development of new routes for the synthesis of nitro derivatives. Here, we present three generations of materials that allowed improving the performance of the original gold catalysts. The relatively low activity of the initial Au/Ti...

Gated silica mesoporous supports for controlled release and signaling applications.

Abstract: Blending molecular and supramolecular advances with materials science has resulted in recent years in the development of new organic–inorganic hybrid materials displaying innovative functionalities. One appealing concept in this field is the development of gated nanodevices. These materials are prepared by grafting molecular or supramolecular caps onto the external surface of mesoporous inorganic scaffolds loaded with a particular cargo. The caps or “gates” can then be opened and the cargo delivered at will upon the application of a given stimulus.In this Account, we report some of the recent advances we have made in designing such materials for drug delivery and as new chromo-fluorogenic probes. For controlled release applications, we have prepared capped hybrid mesoporous supports capable of being selectively opened by applying certain physical and chemical stimuli. We report examples of gated materials opened by changes in pH (using polyamines as caps), light (employing spiropyran derivatives or gold n...

Are Multidimensional Recurrent Layers Really Necessary for Handwritten Text Recognition

Abstract: Current state-of-the-art approaches to offline Handwritten Text Recognition extensively rely on Multidimensional Long Short-Term Memory networks However, these architectures come with quite an expensive computational cost, and we observe that they extract features visually similar to those of convolutional layers, which are computationally cheaper This suggests that the two-dimensional long-term dependencies, which are potentially modeled by multidimensional recurrent layers, may not be essential to achieve a good recognition accuracy, at least in the lower layers of the architecture In this work, an alternative model is explored that relies only on convolutional and one-dimensional recurrent layers that achieves better or equivalent results than those of the current state-of-the-art architecture, and runs significantly faster In addition, we observe that using random distortions during training as synthetic data augmentation dramatically improves the accuracy of our model Thus, are multidimensional recurrent layers really necessary for Handwritten Text Recognition? Probably not

Experimental determination of the permeability of engineering textiles:Benchmark II

Abstract: In this second international permeability benchmark, the in-plane permeability values of a carbon fabric were studied by twelve research groups worldwide. One participant also investigated the deformation of the tested carbon fabric. The aim of this work was to obtain comparable results in order to make a step toward standardization of permeability measurements. Unidirectional injections were thus conducted to determine the unsaturated in-plane permeability tensor of the fabric. Procedures used by participants were specified in the guidelines defined for this benchmark. Participants were asked to use the same values for parameters such as fiber volume fraction, injection pressure and fluid viscosity to minimize sources of scatter. The comparison of the results from each participant was encouraging. The scatter between data obtained while respecting the guidelines was below 25%. However, a higher dispersion was observed when some parameters differed from the recommendations of this exercise. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.