scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question
Institution

Pompeu Fabra University

EducationBarcelona, Spain
About: Pompeu Fabra University is a education organization based out in Barcelona, Spain. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Gene. The organization has 8093 authors who have published 23570 publications receiving 858431 citations. The organization is also known as: Universitat Pompeu Fabra & UPF.


Papers
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
01 Sep 2011
TL;DR: This large-scale gene-centric analysis has identified several novel genes for CAD that relate to diverse biochemical and cellular functions and clarified the literature with regard to many previously suggested genes.
Abstract: Coronary artery disease (CAD) has a significant genetic contribution that is incompletely characterized. To complement genome-wide association (GWA) studies, we conducted a large and systematic candidate gene study of CAD susceptibility, including analysis of many uncommon and functional variants. We examined 49,094 genetic variants in ~2,100 genes of cardiovascular relevance, using a customised gene array in 15,596 CAD cases and 34,992 controls (11,202 cases and 30,733 controls of European descent; 4,394 cases and 4,259 controls of South Asian origin). We attempted to replicate putative novel associations in an additional 17,121 CAD cases and 40,473 controls. Potential mechanisms through which the novel variants could affect CAD risk were explored through association tests with vascular risk factors and gene expression. We confirmed associations of several previously known CAD susceptibility loci (eg, 9p21.3:p<10; LPA:p<10; 1p13.3:p<10) as well as three recently discovered loci (COL4A1/COL4A2, ZC3HC1, CYP17A1:p<5×10). However, we found essentially null results for most previously suggested CAD candidate genes. In our replication study of 24 promising common variants, we identified novel associations of variants in or near LIPA, IL5, TRIB1, and ABCG5/ABCG8, with per-allele odds ratios for CAD risk with each of the novel variants ranging from 1.06-1.09. Associations with variants at LIPA, TRIB1, and ABCG5/ABCG8 were supported by gene expression data or effects on lipid levels. Apart from the previously reported variants in LPA, none of the other ~4,500 low frequency and functional variants showed a strong effect. Associations in South Asians did not differ appreciably from those in Europeans, except for 9p21.3 (per-allele odds ratio: 1.14 versus 1.27 respectively; P for heterogeneity = 0.003). This large-scale gene-centric analysis has identified several novel genes for CAD that relate to diverse biochemical and cellular functions and clarified the literature with regard to many previously suggested genes. © 2011 Butterworth et al.

228 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Frequent use of common household cleaning sprays may be an important risk factor for adult asthma.
Abstract: Rationale: Cleaning work and professional use of certain cleaning products have been associated with asthma, but respiratory effects of nonprofessional home cleaning have rarely been studied. Objectives: To investigate the risk of new-onset asthma in relation to the use of common household cleaners. Methods: Within the follow-up of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey in 10 countries, we identified 3,503 persons doing the cleaning in their homes and who were free of asthma at baseline. Frequency of use of 15 types of cleaning products was obtained in a face-to-face interview at follow-up. We studied the incidence of asthma defined as physician diagnosis and as symptoms or medication usage at follow-up. Associations between asthma and the use of cleaning products were evaluated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards or log-binomial regression analysis. Measurements and Main Results: The use of cleaning sprays at least weekly (42% of participants) was associated with the incidence of asthma symptoms or medication (relative risk [RR], 1.49; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1221.99) and wheeze (RR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.0621.80). The incidence of physician-diagnosed asthma was higher among those using sprays at least 4 days per week (RR, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.1523.89). These associations were consistent for subgroups and not modified by atopy. Dose–response relationships (P , 0.05) were apparent for the frequency of use and the number of different sprays. Risks were predominantly found for the commonly used glass-cleaning, furniture, and air-refreshing sprays. Cleaning products not applied in spray form were not associated with asthma. Conclusions: Frequent use of common household cleaning sprays may be an important risk factor for adult asthma.

228 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This article provided an analytical characterization of Markov perfect equilibria in a model with repeated voting, where agents vote over distortionary income redistribution, and showed that the future constituency for redistributive policies depends positively on current redistribution since this affects both private investments and the future distribution of voters.
Abstract: This paper provides an analytical characterization of Markov perfect equilibria in a model with repeated voting, where agents vote over distortionary income redistribution. A key result is that the future constituency for redistributive policies depends positively on current redistribution, since this affects both private investments and the future distribution of voters. The model features multiple equilibria. In some equilibria, positive redistribution persists forever. In other equilibria, even a majority of beneficiaries of redistribution vote strategically so as to induce the end of the welfare state next period. Skill-biased technical change makes the survival of the welfare state less likely.

228 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present an argument for changes in the franchise in which an elite split along economic interests uses the suffrage to influence implemented policies through the influence of these policies on the character of industrialization.
Abstract: We present an argument for changes in the franchise in which an elite split along economic interests uses the suffrage to influence implemented policies. Through the influence of these policies on the character of industrialization, we analyze the effects of franchise changes on economic growth. We identify in the social structure of society an explanation for the connection between enfranchisement and growth: when (1) there exists an economic conflict among the elite, (2) landed classes are not politically strong, and (3) there exists a critical mass of industrial workers, we observe both growth and democratization. The lack of conditions (1) or (2) resolves in stagnant autocracies while the absence of condition (3) drives growth-deterring democratic expansions. We provide historical support for our argument by analyzing the experience of eleven countries.

227 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of immigration on house prices and residential construction activity in Spain over the period 1998-2008 was investigated and it was shown that the average Spanish province received an immigrant inflow equal to 17% of the initial working-age population and that this inflow increased house prices by about 52% and was responsible for 37% of new housing units during the period.
Abstract: We estimate empirically the effect of immigration on house prices and residential construction activity in Spain over the period 1998-2008. This decade is characterized by both a spectacular housing market boom and a stunning immigration wave. We exploit the variation in immigration across Spanish provinces and construct an instrument based on the historical location patterns of immigrants by country of origin. The evidence points to a sizeable causal effect of immigration on both prices and quantities in the housing market. Between 1998 and 2008, the average Spanish province received an immigrant inflow equal to 17% of the initial working-age population. We estimate that this inflow increased house prices by about 52% and is responsible for 37% of the total construction of new housing units during the period. These figures imply that immigration can account for roughly one third of the housing boom, both in terms of prices and new construction.

227 citations


Authors

Showing all 8248 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Andrei Shleifer171514271880
Paul Elliott153773103839
Bert Brunekreef12480681938
Philippe Aghion12250773438
Anjana Rao11833761395
Jordi Sunyer11579857211
Kenneth J. Arrow113411111221
Xavier Estivill11067359568
Roderic Guigó108304106914
Mark J. Nieuwenhuijsen10764749080
Jordi Alonso10752364058
Alfonso Valencia10654255192
Luis Serrano10545242515
Vadim N. Gladyshev10249034148
Josep M. Antó10049338663
Network Information
Related Institutions (5)
University College London
210.6K papers, 9.8M citations

90% related

University of Pennsylvania
257.6K papers, 14.1M citations

90% related

Columbia University
224K papers, 12.8M citations

90% related

University of Amsterdam
140.8K papers, 5.9M citations

89% related

University of Edinburgh
151.6K papers, 6.6M citations

89% related

Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202349
2022248
20211,903
20201,930
20191,763
20181,660