Institution
Purdue University
Education•West Lafayette, Indiana, United States•
About: Purdue University is a education organization based out in West Lafayette, Indiana, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Heat transfer. The organization has 73219 authors who have published 163563 publications receiving 5775236 citations. The organization is also known as: Purdue & Purdue-West Lafayette.
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TL;DR: The use of personality tests in high-stakes selection environments was discussed in a panel discussion held at the 2004 SIOP conference as discussed by the authors, where five former journal editors from Personnel Psychology and the Journal of Applied Psychology (2 primary outlets for such research) came to the conclusion that faking on self-report personality tests cannot be avoided and perhaps is not the issue.
Abstract: Although long thought to be unrelated to job performance, research in the early 1990s provided evidence that personality can predict job performance. Accompanying this research was a resurgence of interest in the use of personality tests in high-stakes selection environments. Yet there are numerous potential problems associated with the current operational use of personality. As such, 5 former journal editors from Personnel Psychology and the Journal of Applied Psychology (2 primary outlets for such research), who have collectively reviewed over 7,000 manuscripts and who have no vested interest in personality testing, reconsider the research on the use of personality tests in environments where important selection decisions are made. Their comments are based on a panel discussion held at the 2004 SIOP conference. Collectively, they come to several conclusions. First, faking on self-report personality tests cannot be avoided and perhaps is not the issue; the issue is the very low validity of personality tests for predicting job performance. Second, as such, using published self-report personality tests in selection contexts should be reconsidered. Third, personality constructs may have value for employee selection, but future research should focus on finding alternatives to self-report personality measures.
606 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the potential effects of attrition in longitudinal research are addressed and a procedure for assessing its effects is recommended, using data collected from a random sample of employed adults in the US regarding job satisfaction, job characteristics, demographics and mood.
606 citations
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TL;DR: Nature has evolved efficient strategies to synthesize complex mineralized structures that exhibit exceptional damage tolerance, one such example is found in the hypermineralized hammer-like dactyl clubs of the stomatopods, a group of highly aggressive marine crustaceans.
Abstract: Nature has evolved efficient strategies to synthesize complex mineralized structures that exhibit exceptional damage tolerance. One such example is found in the hypermineralized hammer-like dactyl clubs of the stomatopods, a group of highly aggressive marine crustaceans. The dactyl clubs from one species, Odontodactylus scyllarus, exhibit an impressive set of characteristics adapted for surviving high-velocity impacts on the heavily mineralized prey on which they feed. Consisting of a multiphase composite of oriented crystalline hydroxyapatite and amorphous calcium phosphate and carbonate, in conjunction with a highly expanded helicoidal organization of the fibrillar chitinous organic matrix, these structures display several effective lines of defense against catastrophic failure during repetitive high-energy loading events.
606 citations
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01 Feb 1989TL;DR: Etalonnage d'un capteur monte sur le poignet d' un robot par resolutions des equations des transformations homogenes de la forme AX=XB.
Abstract: To use a wrist-mounted sensor (such as a camera) for a robot task, the position and orientation of the sensor with respect to the robot wrist frame must be known. The sensor mounting position can be found by moving the robot and observing the resulting motion of the sensor. This yields a homogeneous transform equation of the form AX=XB, where A is the change in the robot wrist position, B is the resulting sensor displacement, and X is the sensor position relative to the robot wrist. The solution to an equation of this form has one degree of rotational freedom and one degree of translation freedom if the angle of rotation of A is neither 0 nor pi radians. To solve for X uniquely, it is necessary to make two arm movements and form a system of two equations of the form: A/sub 1/X=XB/sub 1/ and A/sub 2/X=XB/sub 2/. A closed-form solution to this system of equations is developed and the necessary conditions for uniqueness are stated. >
605 citations
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TL;DR: The authors conclude that most of the data regarding risk relies, of necessity, on epidemiologic studies, but animal and cell culture models offer promise in confirming some important findings.
Abstract: Prostate cancer has the highest prevalence of any nonskin cancer in the human body, with similar likelihood of neoplastic foci found within the prostates of men around the world regardless of diet, occupation, lifestyle, or other factors. Essentially all men with circulating androgens will develop microscopic prostate cancer if they live long enough. This review is a contemporary and comprehensive, literature-based analysis of the putative risk factors for human prostate cancer, and the results were presented at a multidisciplinary consensus conference held in Crystal City, Virginia, in the fall of 2002. The objectives were to evaluate known environmental factors and mechanisms of prostatic carcinogenesis and to identify existing data gaps and future research needs. The review is divided into four sections, including 1) epidemiology (endogenous factors [family history, hormones, race, aging and oxidative stress] and exogenous factors [diet, environmental agents, occupation and other factors, including lifestyle factors]); 2) animal and cell culture models for prediction of human risk (rodent models, transgenic models, mouse reconstitution models, severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome mouse models, canine models, xenograft models, and cell culture models); 3) biomarkers in prostate cancer, most of which have been tested only as predictive factors for patient outcome after treatment rather than as risk factors; and 4) genotoxic and nongenotoxic mechanisms of carcinogenesis. The authors conclude that most of the data regarding risk relies, of necessity, on epidemiologic studies, but animal and cell culture models offer promise in confirming some important findings. The current understanding of biomarkers of disease and risk factors is limited. An understanding of the risk factors for prostate cancer has practical importance for public health research and policy, genetic and nutritional education and chemoprevention, and prevention strategies.
605 citations
Authors
Showing all 73693 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Yi Cui | 220 | 1015 | 199725 |
Yi Chen | 217 | 4342 | 293080 |
David Miller | 203 | 2573 | 204840 |
Hongjie Dai | 197 | 570 | 182579 |
Chris Sander | 178 | 713 | 233287 |
Richard A. Gibbs | 172 | 889 | 249708 |
Richard H. Friend | 169 | 1182 | 140032 |
Charles M. Lieber | 165 | 521 | 132811 |
Jian-Kang Zhu | 161 | 550 | 105551 |
David W. Johnson | 160 | 2714 | 140778 |
Robert Stone | 160 | 1756 | 167901 |
Tobin J. Marks | 159 | 1621 | 111604 |
Joseph Wang | 158 | 1282 | 98799 |
Ed Diener | 153 | 401 | 186491 |
Wei Zheng | 151 | 1929 | 120209 |