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Showing papers by "Pusan National University published in 2010"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the density functional theory method (M05-2X/6-31G(d)) was used to investigate reaction mechanisms for deoxygenation of graphene oxides with hydrazine or heat treatment.
Abstract: The density functional theory method (M05-2X/6-31G(d)) was used to investigate reaction mechanisms for deoxygenation of graphene oxides (GOs) with hydrazine or heat treatment. Three mechanisms were identified as reducing epoxide groups of GO with hydrazine as a reducing agent. No reaction path was found for the hydrazine-mediated reductions of the hydroxyl, carbonyl, and carboxyl groups of GO. We instead discovered the mechanisms for dehydroxylation, decarbonylation, and decarboxylation using heat treatment. The hydrazine de-epoxidation and thermal dehydroxylation of GO have opposite dependencies on the reaction temperature. In both reduction types, the oxygen functionalities attached to the interior of an aromatic domain in GO are removed more easily, both kinetically and thermodynamically, than those attached at the edges of an aromatic domain. The hydrazine-mediated reductions of epoxide groups at the edges are suspended by forming hydrazino alcohols. We provide atomic-level elucidation for the deoxyge...

1,033 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
K. Aamodt1, Betty Abelev2, A. Abrahantes Quintana, Dagmar Adamová3  +1011 moreInstitutions (81)
TL;DR: In this paper, the first measurement of charged particle elliptic flow in Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN) p = 2.76 TeV with the ALICE detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider was performed in the central pseudorapidity region.
Abstract: We report the first measurement of charged particle elliptic flow in Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN) p = 2.76 TeV with the ALICE detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The measurement is performed in the central pseudorapidity region (vertical bar eta vertical bar < 0.8) and transverse momentum range 0.2 < p(t) < 5.0 GeV/c. The elliptic flow signal v(2), measured using the 4-particle correlation method, averaged over transverse momentum and pseudorapidity is 0.087 +/- 0.002(stat) +/- 0.003(syst) in the 40%-50% centrality class. The differential elliptic flow v(2)(p(t)) reaches a maximum of 0.2 near p(t) = 3 GeV/c. Compared to RHIC Au-Au collisions at root s(NN) = 200 GeV, the elliptic flow increases by about 30%. Some hydrodynamic model predictions which include viscous corrections are in agreement with the observed increase.

652 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is suggested that caffeic acid and chlorogenic acid improve body weight, lipid metabolism and obesity-related hormones levels in high-fat fed mice.

645 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The role of serum uric acid as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease remains unclear, although hyperuricemia is associated with cardiovascular disease such as coronary heart disease, stroke, and hypertension.
Abstract: BACKGROUND The role of serum uric acid as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease remains unclear although hyperuricemia is associated with cardiovascular disease such as coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke and hypertension.

564 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the cooperative control strategy of microsources and the energy storage system (ESS) during islanded operation is presented and evaluated by a simulation and experiment, where the ESS handles the frequency and the voltage as a primary control.
Abstract: In this paper, the cooperative control strategy of microsources and the energy storage system (ESS) during islanded operation is presented and evaluated by a simulation and experiment. The ESS handles the frequency and the voltage as a primary control. And then, the secondary control in microgrid management system returns the current power output of the ESS into zero. The test results show that the proposed cooperative control strategy can regulate the frequency and the voltage, and the secondary control action can contribute to improve the control capability.

468 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A mechanism by which the DJ-1-dependent mitochondrial defects contribute to the increased sensitivity to oxidative stress-induced cell death that has been previously reported is defined.
Abstract: Growing evidence highlights a role for mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress as underlying contributors to Parkinson’s disease (PD) pathogenesis. DJ-1 (PARK7) is a recently identified recessive familial PD gene. Its loss leads to increased susceptibility of neurons to oxidative stress and death. However, its mechanism of action is not fully understood. Presently, we report that DJ-1 deficiency in cell lines, cultured neurons, mouse brain and lymphoblast cells derived from DJ-1 patients display aberrant mitochondrial morphology. We also show that these DJ-1-dependent mitochondrial defects contribute to oxidative stress-induced sensitivity to cell death since reversal of this fragmented mitochondrial phenotype abrogates neuronal cell death. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) appear to play a critical role in the observed defects, as ROS scavengers rescue the phenotype and mitochondria isolated from DJ-1 deficient animals produce more ROS compared with control. Importantly, the aberrant mitochondrial phenotype can be rescued by the expression of Pink1 and Parkin, two PD-linked genes involved in regulating mitochondrial dynamics and quality control. Finally, we show that DJ-1 deficiency leads to altered autophagy in murine and human cells. Our findings define a mechanism by which the DJ-1-dependent mitochondrial defects contribute to the increased sensitivity to oxidative stress-induced cell death that has been previously reported.

369 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
12 Mar 2010-Science
TL;DR: Computer simulations revealed that the balance between attraction and electrostatic repulsion determines the resulting geometry and dimensionality of the nanoparticle assemblies.
Abstract: The collective properties of nanoparticles manifest in their ability to self-organize into complex microscale structures. Slow oxidation of tellurium ions in cadmium telluride (CdTe) nanoparticles results in the assembly of 1- to 4-micrometer-long flat ribbons made of several layers of individual cadmium sulfide (CdS)/CdTe nanocrystals. Twisting of the ribbons with an equal distribution of left and right helices was induced by illumination with visible light. The pitch lengths (250 to 1500 nanometers) varied with illumination dose, and the twisting was associated with the relief of mechanical shear stress in assembled ribbons caused by photooxidation of CdS. Unusual shapes of multiparticle assemblies, such as ellipsoidal clouds, dog-bone agglomerates, and ribbon bunches, were observed as intermediate stages. Computer simulations revealed that the balance between attraction and electrostatic repulsion determines the resulting geometry and dimensionality of the nanoparticle assemblies.

350 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a hierarchical three-dimensional (3-D) mesostructures with small and large mesopores with pore diameters centered at 4.0 and 43 nm, respectively, have been successfully synthesized via a nanocasting approach by using spherical mesoporous cellular silica foams as a hard template, and ethylenediamine and carbon tetrachloride as precursors.
Abstract: Porous carbon nitride (CN) spheres with partially crystalline frameworks have been successfully synthesized via a nanocasting approach by using spherical mesoporous cellular silica foams (MCFs) as a hard template, and ethylenediamine and carbon tetrachloride as precursors. The resulting spherical CN materials have uniform diameters of ca. 4 μm, hierarchical three-dimensional (3-D) mesostructures with small and large mesopores with pore diameters centered at ca. 4.0 and 43 nm, respectively, a relatively high BET surface area of ∼550 m2/g, and a pore volume of 0.90 cm3/g. High-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) images, wide-angle X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, and Raman spectra demonstrate that the porous CN material has a partly graphitized structure. In addition, elemental analyses, X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR), and CO2 temperature-programmed desorption (CO2-TPD) show that the material has a high nitrogen content (17.8 wt%) with nitrogen-containing groups and abundant basic sites. The hierarchical porous CN spheres have excellent CO2 capture properties with a capacity of 2.90 mmol/g at 25 °C and 0.97 mmol/g at 75 °C, superior to those of the pure carbon materials with analogous mesostructures. This can be mainly attributed to the abundant nitrogen-containing basic groups, hierarchical mesostructure, relatively high BET surface area and stable framework. Furthermore, the presence of a large number of micropores and small mesopores also enhance the CO2 capture performance, owing to the capillary condensation effect.

337 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the impact of stratospheric ozone on the tropospheric general circulation of the Southern Hemisphere (SH) is examined with a set of chemistry-climate models participating in the Stratospheric Processes and their Role in Climate (SPARC)/Chemistry-Climate Model Validation project phase 2 (CCMVal-2).
Abstract: The impact of stratospheric ozone on the tropospheric general circulation of the Southern Hemisphere (SH) is examined with a set of chemistry-climate models participating in the Stratospheric Processes and their Role in Climate (SPARC)/Chemistry-Climate Model Validation project phase 2 (CCMVal-2). Model integrations of both the past and future climates reveal the crucial role of stratospheric ozone in driving SH circulation change: stronger ozone depletion in late spring generally leads to greater poleward displacement and intensification of the tropospheric midlatitude jet, and greater expansion of the SH Hadley cell in the summer. These circulation changes are systematic as poleward displacement of the jet is typically accompanied by intensification of the jet and expansion of the Hadley cell. Overall results are compared with coupled models participating in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fourth Assessment Report (IPCC AR4), and possible mechanisms are discussed. While the tropospheric circulation response appears quasi-linearly related to stratospheric ozone changes, the quantitative response to a given forcing varies considerably from one model to another. This scatter partly results from differences in model climatology. It is shown that poleward intensification of the westerly jet is generally stronger in models whose climatological jet is biased toward lower latitudes. This result is discussed in the context of quasi-geostrophic zonal mean dynamics.

321 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The present data indicate that a HFD impairs hippocampal neurogenesis and NPCs proliferation through increased lipid peroxidation and decreased BDNF.

317 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a three-particle mixed-harmonic azimuthal correlator is investigated, which is a P-even observable, but directly sensitive to the charge-separation effect.
Abstract: Parity (P)-odd domains, corresponding to nontrivial topological solutions of the QCD vacuum, might be created during relativistic heavy-ion collisions. These domains are predicted to lead to charge separation of quarks along the orbital momentum of the system created in noncentral collisions. To study this effect, we investigate a three-particle mixed-harmonics azimuthal correlator which is a P-even observable, but directly sensitive to the charge-separation effect. We report measurements of this observable using the STAR detector in Au + Au and Cu + Cu collisions at root s(NN) = 200 and 62 GeV. The results are presented as a function of collision centrality, particle separation in rapidity, and particle transverse momentum. A signal consistent with several of the theoretical expectations is detected in all four data sets. We compare our results to the predictions of existing event generators and discuss in detail possible contributions from other effects that are not related to P violation.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The research which might accelerate the progress towards sustainable wastewater treatment using MFCs is reviewed: system control and modelling and the understanding of the ecology of the microbial communities that catalyse the generation of electricity are reviewed.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: From the measurements at the three beam energies, no evidence for a critical point in the QCD phase diagram for μB below 200 MeV is found and the products κσ2 and Sσ are constant as functions of collision centrality.
Abstract: 200 GeV corresponding to baryon chemical potentials (mu(B)) between 200 and 20 MeV. Our measurements of the products kappa sigma(2) and S sigma, which can be related to theoretical calculations sensitive to baryon number susceptibilities and long-range correlations, are constant as functions of collision centrality. We compare these products with results from lattice QCD and various models without a critical point and study the root s(NN) dependence of kappa sigma(2). From the measurements at the three beam energies, we find no evidence for a critical point in the QCD phase diagram for mu(B) below 200 MeV.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the empirical relation between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and corporate financial performance in Korea using a sample of 1222 firm-years during 2002-2008 was studied. And they found a positive and significant relationship between CSR performance and the stakeholder-weighted CSR index.
Abstract: This paper studies the empirical relation between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and corporate financial performance in Korea using a sample of 1222 firm-years during 2002—2008. We measure corporate social responsibility by both an equal-weighted CSR index and a stakeholder-weighted CSR index suggested by Akpinar et al. (2008). Corporate financial performance is measured by return on equity, return on assets, and Tobin’s Q. We find a positive and significant relationship between corporate financial performance and the stakeholder-weighted CSR index, but not the equal-weighted CSR index. This finding is robust to alternative model specifications and several additional tests, providing evidence in support of instrumental stakeholder theory.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Notably, recent work has identified several connections and shared principles among the different pathways, suggesting that cross-talk between them may be common, and these cascades, although widespread, are not present in all phyla.

Journal ArticleDOI
K. Aamodt1, N. Abel2, U. Abeysekara3, A. Abrahantes Quintana  +1051 moreInstitutions (77)
TL;DR: In this article, the authors measured charged-particle pseudo-rapidity density at the LHC with the ALICE detector at centre-of-mass energies 0.9 TeV and 2.36 TeV in the pseudorapidity range.
Abstract: Charged-particle production was studied in proton-proton collisions collected at the LHC with the ALICE detector at centre-of-mass energies 0.9 TeV and 2.36 TeV in the pseudorapidity range vertical bar eta vertical bar < 1.4. In the central region (vertical bar eta vertical bar < 0.5), at 0.9 TeV, we measure charged-particle pseudo-rapidity density dN(ch)/d eta = 3.02 +/- 0.01(stat.)(-0.05)(+0.08)(syst.) for inelastic interactions, and dN(ch)/d eta = 3.58 +/- 0.01 (stat.)(-0.12)(+0.12)(syst.) for non-single-diffractive interactions. At 2.36 TeV, we find dN(ch)/d eta = 3.77 +/- 0.01(stat.)(-0.12)(+0.25)(syst.) for inelastic, and dN(ch)/d eta = 4.43 +/- 0.01(stat.)(-0.12)(+0.17)(syst.) for non-single-diffractive collisions. The relative increase in charged-particle multiplicity from the lower to higher energy is 24.7% +/- 0.5%(stat.)(-2.8)(+5.7)%(syst.) for inelastic and 23.7% +/- 0.5%(stat.)(-1.1)(+4.6)%(syst.) for non-single-diffractive interactions. This increase is consistent with that reported by the CMS collaboration for non-single-diffractive events and larger than that found by a number of commonly used models. The multiplicity distribution was measured in different pseudorapidity intervals and studied in terms of KNO variables at both energies. The results are compared to proton-antiproton data and to model predictions.

Journal ArticleDOI
K. Aamodt1, Betty Abelev2, A. Abrahantes Quintana, Dagmar Adamová3  +987 moreInstitutions (83)
TL;DR: The first measurement of the charged particle multiplicity density at midrapidity in Pb-Pb collisions at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair root s(NN) = 2.76 TeV is presented in this paper.
Abstract: The first measurement of the charged-particle multiplicity density at midrapidity in Pb-Pb collisions at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair root s(NN) = 2.76 TeV is presented. For an event sample corresponding to the most central 5% of the hadronic cross section, the pseudorapidity density of primary charged particles at midrapidity is 1584 +/- 4(stat) +/- 76(syst), which corresponds to 8.3 +/- 0.4(syst) per participating nucleon pair. This represents an increase of about a factor 1.9 relative to pp collisions at similar collision energies, and about a factor 2.2 to central Au-Au collisions at root s(NN) = 0.2 TeV. This measurement provides the first experimental constraint for models of nucleus-nucleus collisions at LHC energies.

Journal ArticleDOI
K. Aamodt1, N. Abel2, U. Abeysekara3, A. Abrahantes Quintana  +1106 moreInstitutions (80)
TL;DR: In this paper, the alignment of the inner tracking system of the ALICE Large Ion Collider Experiment (ALICE ITS) with the Millepede global approach has been studied and the results obtained for the ITS alignment using about 10(5) charged tracks from cosmic rays that have been collected during summer 2008.
Abstract: ALICE (A Large Ion Collider Experiment) is the LHC (Large Hadron Collider) experiment devoted to investigating the strongly interacting matter created in nucleus-nucleus collisions at the LHC energies. The ALICE ITS, Inner Tracking System, consists of six cylindrical layers of silicon detectors with three different technologies; in the outward direction: two layers of pixel detectors, two layers each of drift, and strip detectors. The number of parameters to be determined in the spatial alignment of the 2198 sensor modules of the ITS is about 13,000. The target alignment precision is well below 10 mu m in some cases (pixels). The sources of alignment information include survey measurements, and the reconstructed tracks from cosmic rays and from proton-proton collisions. The main track-based alignment method uses the Millepede global approach. An iterative local method was developed and used as well. We present the results obtained for the ITS alignment using about 10(5) charged tracks from cosmic rays that have been collected during summer 2008, with the ALICE solenoidal magnet switched off.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The hospital WWTP influent showed higher total concentrations of pharmaceuticals than the municipal WWTPs, and caffeine, ciprofloxacin and acetaminophen were dominant, while in the rivers, caffeine was dominant, and the distribution of Pharmaceuticals was related to the inflow of the wastewater.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a new dead time compensation method for a PWM inverter, which can be easily implemented by feedforwardly adding compensation voltages to the output reference voltage of the synchronous d-axis proportional-integral current regulator.
Abstract: A new dead time compensation method for a pulsewidth modulation (PWM) inverter is proposed. In the PWM inverter, voltage distortion due to the dead time effects produces fifth and seventh harmonics in the phase currents of the stationary reference frame, and a sixth harmonic in the d- and q-axis currents of the synchronous reference frame, respectively. In this paper, the sixth harmonic of the integrator output of the synchronous d-axis proportional-integral (PI) current regulator is used to compensate the output voltage distortion due to the dead time effects, since the integrator output has ripple corresponding to six times the stator fundamental frequency. The proposed method can be easily implemented by feedforwardly adding compensation voltages to the output reference voltage of the synchronous PI current regulator. The proposed method, therefore, has some significant advantages such as simple implementation without additional hardware, easy mathematical computation, no offline experimental measurements, and application in both the steady state and the transient state. The validity of the proposed compensation algorithm is shown through several experiments.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors determined which factors influence relationship quality and customer loyalty formation in the chain restaurant industry and examined the connections between relationship quality, customer satisfaction, and relationship quality with respect to loyalty.
Abstract: The focus of this research was the chain restaurant industry, and its purpose was to (1) determine which factors influence relationship quality and customer loyalty formation and (2) examine the connections between relationship quality and loyalty. Based on the literature review, five dimensions influence restaurant patrons’ behavior: food quality, service quality, price, location, and environment. Theoretical relationships between attributes influencing patrons’ behavior, relationship quality, and loyalty were derived from the literature review. Data analysis indicated that these five attributes influence loyalty formation, with impact mediated by relationship quality. They also influence customer satisfaction, with satisfaction influencing loyalty formation directly and indirectly via trust. Furthermore, service quality was the only attribute to directly and indirectly affect trust, and its effect is stronger than that of any other attribute. Managerial implications are discussed.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Known or newly found CA and CHA variations could be systematically described in detail and the authors propose a hypothetical anatomic model for summarizing the observedCHA variations.
Abstract: A hypothetical anatomic model formulated by integrating the observed variations and their anatomic pathways may help diagnostic and/or interventional radiologists understand the underlying developmental basis of the diverse variations observed in clinical practice.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is shown that the Fas–FADD death domain (DD) complex forms an asymmetric oligomeric structure composed of 5–7 Fas DD and 5 FADD DD, whose interfaces harbor ALPS-associated mutations.
Abstract: The death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) formed by the death receptor Fas, the adaptor protein FADD and caspase-8 mediates the extrinsic apoptotic program. Mutations in Fas that disrupt the DISC cause autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS). Here we show that the Fas-FADD death domain (DD) complex forms an asymmetric oligomeric structure composed of 5-7 Fas DD and 5 FADD DD, whose interfaces harbor ALPS-associated mutations. Structure-based mutations disrupt the Fas-FADD interaction in vitro and in living cells; the severity of a mutation correlates with the number of occurrences of a particular interaction in the structure. The highly oligomeric structure explains the requirement for hexameric or membrane-bound FasL in Fas signaling. It also predicts strong dominant negative effects from Fas mutations, which are confirmed by signaling assays. The structure optimally positions the FADD death effector domain (DED) to interact with the caspase-8 DED for caspase recruitment and higher-order aggregation.

Journal ArticleDOI
02 Apr 2010-Science
TL;DR: The authors reported the observation of antihypertritons-comprising an antiproton, an antineutron, and an antilambda hyperon-produced by colliding gold nuclei at high energy.
Abstract: Nuclear collisions recreate conditions in the universe microseconds after the Big Bang. Only a very small fraction of the emitted fragments are light nuclei, but these states are of fundamental interest. We report the observation of antihypertritons-comprising an antiproton, an antineutron, and an antilambda hyperon-produced by colliding gold nuclei at high energy. Our analysis yields 70 +/- 17 antihypertritons (3/Lambda(H) over bar) and 157 +/- 30 hypertritons ((3)(Lambda)H). The measured yields of (3)(Lambda)H (3/Lambda(H) over bar) and (3)He ((3)(He) over bar) are similar, suggesting an equilibrium in coordinate and momentum space populations of up, down, and strange quarks and antiquarks, unlike the pattern observed at lower collision energies. The production and properties of antinuclei, and of nuclei containing strange quarks, have implications spanning nuclear and particle physics, astrophysics, and cosmology.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jun 2010-Energy
TL;DR: In this paper, tetrahydrofuran (THF) was added to CO 2 /H 2 gas mixtures in a semi-batch stirred vessel at various pressures and temperatures to investigate the CO 2 separation and recovery properties.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The newly isolated and characterized OsABF1 gene that encodes a bZIP transcription factor is involved in abiotic stress responses and ABA signaling in rice and its N-terminal region was necessary to transactivate the downstream reporter gene.
Abstract: A number of basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors are known to function in stress signaling in plants but few have thus far been functionally characterized in rice. In our current study in rice, we have newly isolated and characterized the OsABF1 (Oryza sativa ABA responsive element binding factor 1) gene that encodes a bZIP transcription factor. Its expression in seedling shoots and roots was found to be induced by various abiotic stress treatments such as anoxia, salinity, drought, oxidative stress, cold and abscisic acid (ABA). Subcellular localization analysis in maize protoplasts using GFP fusion vectors indicated that OsABF1 is a nuclear protein. In a yeast experiment, OsABF1 was shown to bind to ABA responsive elements (ABREs) and its N-terminal region was necessary to transactivate the downstream reporter gene. The homozygous T-DNA insertional mutants Osabf1-1 and Osabf1-2 were more sensitive in response to drought and salinity treatments than wild type plants. Furthermore, the upregulated expression of some ABA/stress-regulated genes in response to ABA treatment was suppressed in these Osabf1 mutants. Our current results thus suggest that OsABF1 is involved in abiotic stress responses and ABA signaling in rice.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A formalism not based on slow roll is derived which can be applied to models in which the slow-roll parameters become large before inflation ends, and an exactly soluble two-field model is given in which this happens.
Abstract: We review models which generate a large non-Gaussianity of the local form. We first briefly consider three models which generate the non-Gaussianity either at or after the end of inflation; the curvaton scenario, modulated (p)reheating, and an inhomogeneous end of inflation. We then focus on ways of generating the non-Gaussianity during inflation. We derive general conditions which a product or sum separable potential must satisfy in order to generate a large local bispectrum during slow-roll inflation. As an application, we consider two-field hybrid inflation. We then derive a formalism not based on slow roll which can be applied to models in which the slow-roll parameters become large before inflation ends. An exactly soluble two-field model is given in which this happens. Finally, we also consider further non-Gaussian observables, a scale dependence of fNL and the trispectrum.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The DGGE profile of bacterial 16S rDNA fragments showed significant differences among different materials, suggesting that the pipe materials affect not only BFP but also microbial diversity.

Journal ArticleDOI
K. Aamodt1, N. Abel2, U. Abeysekara3, A. Abrahantes Quintana  +1055 moreInstitutions (78)
TL;DR: In this article, the authors measured the inclusive charged particle transverse momentum distribution in proton-proton collisions at root s = 900 GeV at the LHC using the ALICE detector.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results suggest that the anti‐inflammatory properties of oxyresveratrol might be correlated with inhibition of the iNOS expression through down‐regulation of NF‐kB binding activity and significant inhibition of COX‐2 activity.
Abstract: The antioxidative effects of mulberroside A and oxyresveratrol obtained from Mori Cortex were examined Mulberroside A and oxyresveratrol showed an inhibitory effect against FeSO4/H2O2-induced lipid peroxidation in rat microsomes and a scavenging effect on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical The anti-inflammatory effects of mulberroside A and oxyresveratrol using the carrageenin-induced model of inflammation were investigated in rats Mulberroside A and oxyresveratrol significantly reduced paw edema To investigate the mechanism of the anti-inflammatory action of these compounds, we examined the effects of oxyresveratrol on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced responses in murine macrophage cell line RAW 2647 Exposure of LPS-stimulated cells to oxyresveratrol inhibited nitrite accumulation in the culture medium Oxyresveratrol also inhibited the LPS-stimulated increase of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression in a concentration-dependent manner; however, it had little effect on iNOS enzyme activity, suggesting that the inhibitory activity of oxyresveratrol is mainly due to the inhibition of iNOS expression rather than iNOS enzyme activity Oxyresveratrol significantly inhibited LPS-evoked nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity in RAW 2647 cells The results suggest that the anti-inflammatory properties of oxyresveratrol might be correlated with inhibition of the iNOS expression through down-regulation of NF-kappaB binding activity and significant inhibition of COX-2 activity