Showing papers by "Pusan National University published in 2013"
TL;DR: The most promising nanoscale fillers are layered silicate nanoclays such as montmorillonite and kaolinite as mentioned in this paper, which can provide active and/or smart properties to food packaging systems.
1,461 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors inject squeezed states to improve the performance of one of the detectors of the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) beyond the quantum noise limit, most notably in the frequency region down to 150 Hz.
Abstract: Nearly a century after Einstein first predicted the existence of gravitational waves, a global network of Earth-based gravitational wave observatories1, 2, 3, 4 is seeking to directly detect this faint radiation using precision laser interferometry. Photon shot noise, due to the quantum nature of light, imposes a fundamental limit on the attometre-level sensitivity of the kilometre-scale Michelson interferometers deployed for this task. Here, we inject squeezed states to improve the performance of one of the detectors of the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) beyond the quantum noise limit, most notably in the frequency region down to 150 Hz, critically important for several astrophysical sources, with no deterioration of performance observed at any frequency. With the injection of squeezed states, this LIGO detector demonstrated the best broadband sensitivity to gravitational waves ever achieved, with important implications for observing the gravitational-wave Universe with unprecedented sensitivity.
805 citations
TL;DR: JX-594 demonstrated oncolytic and immunotherapy MOA, tumor responses and dose-related survival in individuals with HCC, and subject survival duration was significantly related to dose.
Abstract: Oncolytic viruses and active immunotherapeutics have complementary mechanisms of action (MOA) that are both self amplifying in tumors, yet the impact of dose on subject outcome is unclear. JX-594 (Pexa-Vec) is an oncolytic and immunotherapeutic vaccinia virus. To determine the optimal JX-594 dose in subjects with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), we conducted a randomized phase 2 dose-finding trial (n=30). Radiologists infused low- or high-dose JX-594 into liver tumors (days 1, 15 and 29); infusions resulted in acute detectable intravascular JX-594 genomes. Objective intrahepatic Modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (mRECIST) (15%) and Choi (62%) response rates and intrahepatic disease control (50%) were equivalent in injected and distant noninjected tumors at both doses. JX-594 replication and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) expression preceded the induction of anticancer immunity. In contrast to tumor response rate and immune endpoints, subject survival duration was significantly related to dose (median survival of 14.1 months compared to 6.7 months on the high and low dose, respectively; hazard ratio 0.39; P=0.020). JX-594 demonstrated oncolytic and immunotherapy MOA, tumor responses and dose-related survival in individuals with HCC.
656 citations
University of Birmingham1, Wayne State University2, National Taiwan University3, Chang Gung University4, Pusan National University5, Samsung Medical Center6, University of Paris-Est7, Sungkyunkwan University8, Kindai University9, Sichuan University10, Mahidol University11, Russian Academy12, Kyungpook National University13, Bristol-Myers Squibb14
TL;DR: Brivanib had an acceptable safety profile, but was less well-tolerated than sorafenib, and both agents had similar antitumor activity, based on secondary efficacy end points.
Abstract: Purpose Brivanib is a dual inhibitor of vascular-endothelial growth factor and fibroblast growth factor receptors that are implicated in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our multinational, randomized, double-blind, phase III trial compared brivanib with sorafenib as first-line treatment for HCC. Patients and Methods Advanced HCC patients who had no prior systemic therapy were randomly assigned (ratio, 1:1) to receive sorafenib 400 mg twice daily orally (n = 578) or brivanib 800 mg once daily orally (n = 577). Primary end point was overall survival (OS). Secondary end points included time to progression (TTP), objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR) based on modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (mRECIST), and safety. Results The primary end point of OS noninferiority for brivanib versus sorafenib in the per-protocol population (n = 1,150) was not met (hazard ratio [HR], 1.06; 95.8% CI, 0.93 to 1.22), based on the prespecified margin (upper CI limit for ...
644 citations
04 Mar 2013
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors measured the transverse-momentum (p(T)) distributions and yields of pi, K, and p in Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN) = 2.76 TeV.
Abstract: In this paper measurements are presented of pi(+/-), K-+/-, p, and (p) over bar production at midrapidity (vertical bar y vertical bar < 0.5), in Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN) = 2.76 TeV as a function of centrality. The measurement covers the transverse-momentum (p(T)) range from 100, 200, and 300 MeV/c up to 3, 3, and 4.6 GeV/c for pi, K, and p, respectively. The measured p(T) distributions and yields are compared to expectations based on hydrodynamic, thermal and recombination models. The spectral shapes of central collisions show a stronger radial flow than measured at lower energies, which can be described in hydrodynamic models. In peripheral collisions, the p(T) distributions are not well reproduced by hydrodynamic models. Ratios of integrated particle yields are found to be nearly independent of centrality. The yield of protons normalized to pions is a factor similar to 1.5 lower than the expectation from thermal models.
485 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the surface plasmon resonance effect of carbon-dot-supported silver nanoparticles (CD-Ag nanoparticles) was used as reducing agent and template to fabricate solution-processable polymer light-emitting diodes and polymer solar cells.
Abstract: The coupling of surface plasmons and excitons in organic materials can improve the performance of organic optoelectronic devices. Here, we prepare carbon-dot-supported silver nanoparticles (CD–Ag nanoparticles) using the carbon dots both as a reducing agent and a template to fabricate solution-processable polymer light-emitting diodes and polymer solar cells. The surface plasmon resonance effect of CD–Ag nanoparticles allows significant radiative emission and additional light absorption, leading to remarkably enhanced current efficiency of 27.16 cd A−1 and a luminous efficiency of 18.54 lm W−1 in polymer light-emitting diodes as well as a power conversion efficiency of 8.31% and an internal quantum efficiency of 99% in polymer solar cells compared with control devices (current efficiency = 11.65 cd A−1 and luminous efficiency = 6.33 lm W−1 in polymer light-emitting diodes; power conversion efficiency = 7.53% and internal quantum efficiency = 91% in polymer solar cells). These results demonstrate that CD–Ag nanoparticles constitute a versatile and effective route for achieving high-performance polymer optoelectronic devices. The coupling of surface plasmons and excitons in organic materials can improve the performance of organic optoelectronic devices. Carbon-dot-supported silver nanoparticles have now been used to improve the efficiency of polymer light-emitting diodes and polymer solar cells.
471 citations
TL;DR: It is shown that presentation of antibodies on the surface of nonspherical particles enhances antibody specificity as well as avidity toward their targets, opening unique opportunities for particulate forms of antibodies in therapeutics and diagnostics.
Abstract: Monoclonal antibodies are used in numerous therapeutic and diagnostic applications; however, their efficacy is contingent on specificity and avidity. Here, we show that presentation of antibodies on the surface of nonspherical particles enhances antibody specificity as well as avidity toward their targets. Using spherical, rod-, and disk-shaped polystyrene nano- and microparticles and trastuzumab as the targeting antibody, we studied specific and nonspecific uptake in three breast cancer cell lines: BT-474, SK-BR-3, and MDA-MB-231. Rods exhibited higher specific uptake and lower nonspecific uptake in all cells compared with spheres. This surprising interplay between particle shape and antibodies originates from the unique role of shape in determining binding and unbinding of particles to cell surface. In addition to exhibiting higher binding and internalization, trastuzumab-coated rods also exhibited greater inhibition of BT-474 breast cancer cell growth in vitro to a level that could not be attained by soluble forms of the antibody. The effect of trastuzumab-coated rods on cells was enhanced further by replacing polystyrene particles with pure chemotherapeutic drug nanoparticles of comparable dimensions made from camptothecin. Trastuzumab-coated camptothecin nanoparticles inhibited cell growth at a dose 1,000-fold lower than that required for comparable inhibition of growth using soluble trastuzumab and 10-fold lower than that using BSA-coated camptothecin. These results open unique opportunities for particulate forms of antibodies in therapeutics and diagnostics.
451 citations
18 Jan 2013
TL;DR: In this article, the authors measured the centrality of inelastic Pb-Pb collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 2.76 TeV per colliding nucleon pair with ALICE.
Abstract: This publication describes the methods used to measure the centrality of inelastic Pb-Pb collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 2.76 TeV per colliding nucleon pair with ALICE. The centrality is a key parameter in the study of the properties of QCD matter at extreme temperature and energy density, because it is directly related to the initial overlap region of the colliding nuclei. Geometrical properties of the collision, such as the number of participating nucleons and the number of binary nucleon-nucleon collisions, are deduced from a Glauber model with a sharp impact parameter selection and shown to be consistent with those extracted from the data. The centrality determination provides a tool to compare ALICE measurements with those of other experiments and with theoretical calculations.
388 citations
TL;DR: Male sex, low anastomosis, preoperative chemoradiation, advanced tumor stage, perioperative bleeding, and multiple firings of the linear stapler increased the risk of AL after laparoscopic surgery for rectal cancer.
Abstract: Objective:To assess the risk factors for clinical anastomotic leakage (AL) in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery for rectal cancer.Background:Little data are available about risk factors for AL after laparoscopic rectal cancer resection.Methods:This was a retrospective analysis of 1609 patient
337 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a bendable organic solar cell was fabricated using solution-processed silver nanowire (Ag NW) electrodes, achieving power conversion efficiencies of 5.80 and 5.02% at a bending radius of 200 mm.
Abstract: Highly efficient and bendable organic solar cells (OSCs) are fabricated using solution-processed silver nanowire (Ag NW) electrodes. The Ag NW films were highly transparent (diffusive transmittance ≈ 95% at a wavelength of 550 nm), highly conductive (sheet resistance ≈ 10 Ω sq−1), and highly flexible (change in resistance ≈ 1.1 ± 1% at a bending radius of ≈200 μm). Power conversion efficiencies of ≈5.80 and 5.02% were obtained for devices fabricated on Ag NWs/glass and Ag NWs/poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), respectively. Moreover, the bendable devices fabricated using the Ag NWs/PET films decrease slightly in their efficiency (to ≈96% of the initial value) even after the devices had been bent 1000 times with a radius of ≈1.5 mm.
317 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the ALICE measurement of K^0_S and Lambda production at midrapidity in Pb-Pb collisions at sqrt(sNN) = 2.76 TeV is presented.
Abstract: The ALICE measurement of K^0_S and {\Lambda} production at mid-rapidity in Pb-Pb collisions at sqrt(sNN) = 2.76 TeV is presented. The transverse momentum (pT) spectra are shown for several collision centrality intervals and in the pT range from 0.4 GeV/c (0.6 GeV/c for {\Lambda}) to 12 GeV/c. The pT dependence of the {\Lambda}/K^0_S ratios exhibits maxima in the vicinity of 3 GeV/c, and the positions of the maxima shift towards higher pT with increasing collision centrality. The magnitude of these maxima increases by almost a factor of three between most peripheral and most central Pb-Pb collisions. This baryon excess at intermediate pT is not observed in pp interactions at sqrt(s) = 0.9 TeV and at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV. Qualitatively, the baryon enhancement in heavy-ion collisions is expected from radial flow. However, the measured pT spectra above 2 GeV/c progressively decouple from hydrodynamical-model calculations. For higher values of pT, models that incorporate the influence of the medium on the fragmentation and hadronization processes describe qualitatively the pT dependence of the {\Lambda}/K^0_S ratio.
11 Jul 2013
TL;DR: In this paper, the ALICE detector was used to measure the long-range correlations between trigger particles and various species of charged associated particles (unidentified particles, pions, kaons, protons and antiprotons).
Abstract: Angular correlations between unidentified charged trigger particles and various species of charged associated particles (unidentified particles, pions, kaons, protons and antiprotons) are measured by the ALICE detector in p-Pb collisions at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV in the transverse-momentum range 0.3 < p(T) < 4 GeV/c. The correlations expressed as associated yield per trigger particle are obtained in the pseudorapidity range vertical bar n(lab)vertical bar < 0.8. Fourier coefficients are extracted from the long-range correlations projected onto the azimuthal angle difference and studied as a function of p(T) and in intervals of event multiplicity. In high-multiplicity events, the second-order coefficient for protons, 4, is observed to be smaller than that for pions, v(2)(pi), up to about p(T) = 2 GeV/c. To reduce correlations due to jets, the per-trigger yield measured in low-multiplicity events is subtracted from that in high-multiplicity events. A two-ridge structure is obtained for all particle species. The Fourier decomposition of this structure shows that the second-order coefficients for pions and kaons are similar. The v(2)(p) is found to be smaller at low P-T and larger at higher p(T) than v(2)(pi), with a crossing occurring at about 2 GeV/c. This is qualitatively similar to the elliptic-flow pattern observed in heavy-ion collisions. A mass ordering effect at low transverse momenta is consistent with expectations from hydrodynamic model calculations assuming a collectively expanding system. (C) 2013 CERN. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
TL;DR: The ALICE VZERO system, made of two scintillator arrays at asymmetric positions, one on each side of the interaction point, plays a central role in ALICE and is used to monitor LHC beam conditions, to reject beam-induced backgrounds and to measure basic physics quantities such as luminosity, particle multiplicity, centrality and event plane direction as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: ALICE is an LHC experiment devoted to the study of strongly interacting matter in proton-proton, proton-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions at ultra-relativistic energies. The ALICE VZERO system, made of two scintillator arrays at asymmetric positions, one on each side of the interaction point, plays a central role in ALICE. In addition to its core function as a trigger source, the VZERO system is used to monitor LHC beam conditions, to reject beam-induced backgrounds and to measure basic physics quantities such as luminosity, particle multiplicity, centrality and event plane direction in nucleus-nucleus collisions. After describing the VZERO system, this publication presents its performance over more than four years of operation at the LHC.
TL;DR: The results demonstrate the feasibility of an fNIRS-based BCI and the enhanced performance of the classifier by removing the initial 2s span and/or the time span after the peak value.
02 Jan 2013
TL;DR: Measurements of charge-dependent azimuthal correlations with the ALICE detector at the LHC show a clear signal compatible with a charge- dependent separation relative to the reaction plane, which shows little or no collision energy dependence when compared to measurements at RHIC energies.
Abstract: Measurements of charge-dependent azimuthal correlations with the ALICE detector at the LHC are reported for Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN) = 2.76 TeV. Two- and three-particle charge-dependent azimuthal correlations in the pseudorapidity range vertical bar eta vertical bar < 0.8 are presented as a function of the collision centrality, particle separation in pseudorapidity, and transverse momentum. A clear signal compatible with a charge-dependent separation relative to the reaction plane is observed, which shows little or no collision energy dependence when compared to measurements at RHIC energies. This provides a new insight for understanding the nature of the charge-dependent azimuthal correlations observed at RHIC and LHC energies. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.012301
TL;DR: This method exhibited an excellent diagnosis method for the ultrasensitive detection of SK-BR-3 breast cancer cells in human serum samples with a detection limit of 26 cells/mL.
Abstract: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cells were detected using an electrochemical immunosensor combined with hydrazine and aptamer-conjugated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The sensor probe was fabricated by covalently immobilizing anti-HER2 onto a nanocomposite layer that was composed of self-assembled 2,5-bis(2-thienyl)-1H-pyrrole-1-(p-benzoic acid) (DPB) on AuNPs. The hydrazine-AuNP-aptamer bioconjugate, where the hydrazine reductant was directly attached onto AuNPs to avoid the nonspecific deposition of silver on the sensor surface, was designed and used to reduce silver ion for signal amplification selectively. The silver-stained target cells were visualized easily by the bare eye and an optical microscope, and the cells were quantitatively analyzed using stripping voltammetry. The parameters affecting the analytical response were optimized. The proposed sensor was capable of differentiating between HER2-positive breast cancer cells and HER2-negative cells. This method exhibited an excellent diagnosis method for the ultrasensitive detection of SK-BR-3 breast cancer cells in human serum samples with a detection limit of 26 cells/mL.
TL;DR: The constraints of microbial 3-HP production and possible solutions are described, and the future prospects of biological 3-hydroxypropionic acid production are discussed.
Imperial College London1, Lamont–Doherty Earth Observatory2, Columbia University3, Kōchi University4, Spanish National Research Council5, Nagoya University6, Pusan National University7, Victoria University of Wellington8, Montclair State University9, National Oceanography Centre, Southampton10, University of Otago11, Scripps Institution of Oceanography12, University of Tokyo13, Utrecht University14, Wellesley College15, Ocean Drilling Program16, RWTH Aachen University17, University of Birmingham18, Colorado School of Mines19, Stanford University20, University of Salamanca21, Western Michigan University22, Daito Bunka University23, University of South Florida24, Queens College25, Goethe University Frankfurt26, University of Bremen27, Utsunomiya University28, Geological Survey of India29, Tongji University30, University of Queensland31
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present new data from Pliocene marine sediments recovered offshore of Adelie Land, East Antarctica, that reveal dynamic behaviour of the East Antarctic ice sheet in the vicinity of the low-lying Wilkes Subglacial Basin during times of past climatic warmth.
Abstract: Warm intervals within the Pliocene epoch (5.33–2.58 million years ago) were characterized by global temperatures comparable to those predicted for the end of this century1 and atmospheric CO2 concentrations similar to today2, 3, 4. Estimates for global sea level highstands during these times5 imply possible retreat of the East Antarctic ice sheet, but ice-proximal evidence from the Antarctic margin is scarce. Here we present new data from Pliocene marine sediments recovered offshore of Adelie Land, East Antarctica, that reveal dynamic behaviour of the East Antarctic ice sheet in the vicinity of the low-lying Wilkes Subglacial Basin during times of past climatic warmth. Sedimentary sequences deposited between 5.3 and 3.3 million years ago indicate increases in Southern Ocean surface water productivity, associated with elevated circum-Antarctic temperatures. The geochemical provenance of detrital material deposited during these warm intervals suggests active erosion of continental bedrock from within the Wilkes Subglacial Basin, an area today buried beneath the East Antarctic ice sheet. We interpret this erosion to be associated with retreat of the ice sheet margin several hundreds of kilometres inland and conclude that the East Antarctic ice sheet was sensitive to climatic warmth during the Pliocene.
TL;DR: In this article, the performance, emissions and combustion characteristics of biodiesel derived from non-edible Karanja oil in an unmodified diesel engine and to compare the results with baseline results of diesel fuel.
TL;DR: This review describes the technological innovations and challenges associated with flexible energy storage and conversion systems such as lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors, along with an overview of the progress in flexible proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) and solar cells.
Abstract: The unending demand for portable, flexible, and even wearable electronic devices that have an aesthetic appeal and unique functionality stimulates the development of advanced power sources that have excellent electrochemical performance and, more importantly, shape versatility. The challenges in the fabrication of next-generation flexible power sources mainly arise from their limited form factors, which prevent their facile integration into differently shaped electronic devices, and from the lack of reliable electrochemical materials that exhibit optimized attributes and suitable processability. This review describes the technological innovations and challenges associated with flexible energy storage and conversion systems such as lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors, along with an overview of the progress in flexible proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) and solar cells. In particular, recently highlighted cable-type flexible batteries with extreme omni-directional flexibility are comprehensively discussed.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the viscosity and thermal conductivity of ZnO nanofluids with nanoparticle shapes of nearly rectangular and of sphere, under various volume concentrations of the nanoparticles, ranging from 0.05 to 5.0 vol.
Abstract: The viscosity and thermal conductivity of ZnO nanofluids with nanoparticle shapes of nearly rectangular and of sphere, were experimentally investigated under various volume concentrations of the nanoparticles, ranging from 0.05 to 5.0 vol.%. The viscosity of the nanofluids increased with increases in the volume concentration by up to 69%. In addition, the enhancement of the viscosity of the nearly rectangular shape nanoparticles was found to be greater by 7.7%, than that of the spherical nanoparticles. The thermal conductivity of the ZnO nanofluids increased by up to 12% and 18% at 5.0 vol.% for the spherical and the nearly rectangular shape nanoparticles, respectively, compared to that of the base fluid (water). The shape of the particles is found to have a significant effect on the viscosity and thermal conductivity enhancements.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed the recent development of available cold storage materials for subzero applications, and introduced phase change material (PCM) storage and sorption storage separately.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors measured the azimuthal anisotropic flow coefficients for unidentified charged particles, pions, and (anti-)protons in Pb-Pb collisions at root SNN = 2.76 TeV with the ALICE detector at the Large Hadron Collider.
TL;DR: In this article, a dual vector current controller is adopted as an ac-side current controller to reduce the ac-sensor active power ripple under unbalanced voltage conditions in modular multilevel converters (MMCs).
Abstract: This paper proposes a control method for circulating currents in modular multilevel converters (MMCs) under unbalanced voltage conditions. Under balanced voltage conditions, only negative-sequence circulating currents exist. Consequently, the conventional method has considered only negative-sequence circulating currents in MMC. However, under unbalanced voltage conditions, there are positive-sequence circulating currents, zero-sequence circulating currents, and negative-sequence circulating currents in MMC. Thus, under unbalanced voltage conditions, a control method should consider all of these components. This study adopts a dual vector current controller as an ac-side current controller to reduce the ac-side active power ripple under unbalanced voltage. It analyzes the effect of the unbalanced voltage on circulating currents in MMC and then proposes a control method considering each component of circulating currents under the unbalanced voltage. The effectiveness of the proposed controlling method is verified through simulation results using PSCAD/EMTDC.
TL;DR: A decreasing trend of H. pylori seroprevalence due to a birth cohort effect requires further studies on its related human host factors as well as socio-economic and hygienic factors.
Abstract: Background
The aim of this study was to evaluate the time trend of seropositivity of Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) over the period of 13 years in an asymptomatic Korean population, and investigate associated risk factors
TL;DR: The clinical implications of angiogenesis are reviewed and pro- and antiangiogenic agents that offer potential therapy for cancer and other angiogenic diseases are discussed.
Abstract: Angiogenesis plays critical roles in human physiology that range from reproduction and fetal growth to wound healing and tissue repair. The sophisticated multistep process is tightly regulated in a spatial and temporal manner by “on-off switch signals” between angiogenic factors, extracellular matrix components, and endothelial cells. Uncontrolled angiogenesis may lead to several angiogenic disorders, including vascular insufficiency (myocardial or critical limb ischemia) and vascular overgrowth (hemangiomas, vascularized tumors, and retinopathies). Thus, numerous therapeutic opportunities can be envisaged through the successful understanding and subsequent manipulation of angiogenesis. Here, we review the clinical implications of angiogenesis and discuss pro- and antiangiogenic agents that offer potential therapy for cancer and other angiogenic diseases.
TL;DR: In this paper, a 3D hybrid nickel-aluminum layered double hydroxide (NiAl-LDH)-graphene nanosheets (GNS) composite as a supercapacitor material has been fabricated by in situ deposition of LDH on graphene oxide (GO) through a liquid phase deposition method.
Abstract: A 3D hybrid nickel-aluminum layered double hydroxide (NiAl-LDH)–graphene nanosheets (GNS) composite as a supercapacitor material has been fabricated by in situ deposition of LDH nanosheets on graphene oxide (GO) through a liquid phase deposition method. The results reveal that NiAl-LDH homogeneously grew on the surface of GNS as spacers to keep the neighboring sheets separate. Optimum effects could be achieved when feeding ratio, reaction time and temperature are tuned. The obtained porous GNS/NiAl-LDH composite exhibited high-capacitance performance with a specific capacitance of 1255.8 F g−1 at a current density of 1 A g−1 and 755.6 F g−1 at 6 A g−1, respectively. Moreover, the composite exhibited excellent cycling performance with an increase of 6% capacitance compared with the initial capacitance after 1500 cycle tests. Such high specific capacitance, rate capability and exceptional cycling ability of the composite offered great promise in energy storage device applications.
19 Aug 2013
TL;DR: A new block cipher LEA, which has 128-bit block size and 128, 192, or 256-bit key size is proposed, which provides a high-speed software encryption on general-purpose processors and is secure against all the existing attacks on block ciphers.
Abstract: We propose a new block cipher LEA, which has 128-bit block size and 128, 192, or 256-bit key size. It provides a high-speed software encryption on general-purpose processors. Our experiments show that LEA is faster than AES on Intel, AMD, ARM, and ColdFire platforms. LEA can be also implemented to have tiny code size. Its hardware implementation has a competitive throughput per area. It is secure against all the existing attacks on block ciphers.
TL;DR: The average transverse momentum (p(T)) versus the charged-particle multiplicity N-ch was measured in p-Pb collisions at a collision energy per nucleon-nucleon root S-NN = 5.02 TeV and in pp collisions at collision energies of root s = 0.9, 2.76, and 7 TeV in the kinematic range 0.15 < p(T) < 10.3 with the ALICE apparatus at the LHC.
TL;DR: In this article, a high-efficiency isolated bidirectional ac-dc converter is proposed for a 380-V dc power distribution system to control the power flows and to improve its power conversion efficiency.
Abstract: A high-efficiency isolated bidirectional ac–dc converter is proposed for a 380-V dc power distribution system to control bidirectional power flows and to improve its power conversion efficiency. To reduce the switches’ losses of the proposed nonisolated full-bridge ac–dc rectifier using an unipolar switching method, switching devices employ insulated-gate bipolar transistors, MOSFETs, and silicon carbide diodes. Using the analysis of the rectifier’s operating modes, each switching device can be selected by considering switch stresses. A simple and intuitive frequency detection method for a single-phase synchronous reference frame-phase-locked loop (SRF-PLL) is also proposed using a filter compensator, a fast period detector, and a finite impulse response filter to improve the robustness and accuracy of PLL performance under fundamental frequency variations. In addition, design and control methodology of the bidirectional full-bridge CLLC resonant converter is suggested for the galvanic isolation of the dc distribution system. A dead-band control algorithm for the bidirectional dc–dc converter is developed to smoothly change power conversion directions only using output voltage information. Experimental results will verify the performance of the proposed methods using a 5-kW prototype converter.