Showing papers by "Queen's University published in 1973"
TL;DR: A unique exposure within the Abitibi orogenic belt of northeastern Ontario provides an exceptionally clear view of early Precambrian (Archean) ultramafic volcanic rocks as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: A unique exposure within the Abitibi orogenic belt of northeastern Ontario provides an exceptionally clear view of early Precambrian (Archean) ultramafic volcanic rocks. Approximately 60 ultramafic flow units are exposed over a stratigraphic thickness of 125 m. Individual flow units range in thickness from 0.5 to 15 m, average about 3 m, and display remarkable strike lengths and internal structure, which suggest extreme fluidity. The upper margin of the flow units (0.1 to 1.0 m) is thicker than the lower margin (about 1 cm), and the upper margin is highly fractured, thereby providing an easily recognizable top determinator. Many flow units contain a zone of spinifex, ranging in width from zero to 5 m, which underlies and is gradational with the flow top. Spinifex is a textural term to describe an array of criss-crossing sheafs or booklets characterized by numerous closely spaced and parallel blade- or plate-like crystals of olivine. The texture is generally accepted as having formed by rapid cooling of a crystal-free ultramafic liquid in situ. The variation in size of bladed olivine crystals within a spinifex zone is always from coarse (up to 1 m long) at the bottom to fine at the top, thereby providing a primary top determination. In flow units not containing a spinifex zone the chilled and fractured flow top grades downward into a zone of moderately foliated peridotite which generally constitutes the remaining part of a flow unit. Chemically, the flow units resemble similar ultramafic rocks described from northeastern Ontario, western Australia, and the Barberton area of South Africa; one unique feature is the exceptionally high alumina content of the clinopyroxene
273 citations
TL;DR: The respiratory efficiency of a nodulated root in terms of nitrogen fixation is found to be very similar to that of an uninoculated root assimilating nitrate, and the nodules require in growth, respiration, and export 4-1 mg C for each mg N which they fix.
Abstract: Budgets for carbon and nitrogen m shoot, root, and nodules of garden pea (Pisum sativum L.) are drawn up for a 9-d interval in the life cycle, from data on nitrogen fixation, carbon accumu lation in dry matter, respiratory output of plant organs, and organic solute exchange between shoot and nodulated root. Of the carbon gained photosynthetically by the shoot from the atmosphere 26 per cent is incorporated directly into its dry matter, 32 per cent translocated to the nodules, and 42 per cent to the supporting root. Of the nodules' share, 5 per cent is consumed in growth, 12 per cent in respiration, and 15 per cent returned to the shoot via the xylem, as amino compounds generated in nitrogen fixation. Growth and respiration of the root utilize, respectively, 7 and 35 per cent. The respiratory efficiency of a nodulated root in terms of nitrogen fixation (5-9 mg Cpermg N2-N fixed) is found to be very similar to that of an uninoculated root assimilating nitrate (6-2 mg C per mg N03-N reduced). The nodules require in growth, respiration, and export 4-1 mg C (ss 10-3 mg carbohydrate) for each mg N which they fix. The nodules consume 3 ml 02 for every 1 ml N2 utilized in fixation. In exporting a milligram of fixed nitrogen the nodules require at least 0-35 ml of water. Almost half of this requirement might be met by mass flow into the nodules via the phloem.
220 citations
TL;DR: Theil's coefficient of inequality is one of the statistical forecasting evaluators frequently cited in the literature [1-7]. However, there seems to be some confusion about this coefficient which may stem from the fact that Theil himself proposed two different formulae at different times under the same name as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Theil's coefficient of inequality is one of the statistical forecasting evaluators frequently cited in the literature [1-7]. However, there seems to be some confusion about this coefficient which may stem from the fact that Theil himself proposed two different formulae at different times under the same name. Both are called "coefficient of inequality" and labeled with the symbol "U." In addition, there are two different interpretations possible for the formula first proposed.
171 citations
TL;DR: The instantaneous center of rotation was located and used to indicate the muscles that had a force component which contributed to the force of abduction, and mathematical relationships were obtained for the forces of the individual muscles as a function of their respective ‘effective’ or physiological cross-sectional areas.
165 citations
TL;DR: The visual environment of Cree Indians from the east coast of James Bay, Quebec, is different from that of city-raised Euro-Canadians, so also are their corresponding orientation anisotropies in visual acuity.
Abstract: The visual environment of Cree Indians from the east coast of James Bay, Quebec, is different from that of city-raised Euro-Canadians. So also are their corresponding orientation anisotropies in visual acuity. A Euro-Canadian sample exhibited the usual higher resolution for vertically and horizontally oriented gratings as compared with oblique orientations, while a Cree Indian sample did not. The most parsimonious explanation of these acuity differences is that orientation-specific detectors in humans are tuned by the early visual environment.
159 citations
TL;DR: The Survivor function and the Hazard function of the Weibull probability distribution function described certain characteristics of the motor unit firing intervals and it became possible to derive an equation that would generate a real continuous random variable whose properties would be identical to those of the inter-pulse intervals.
Abstract: A specially designed needle electrode was used to record motor unit action potentials for the complete time duration of constant force isometric contractions varying in discrete steps from minimum to maximum force levels. A total of 70 motor unit action potential trains were recorded and analyzed.
121 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a more complete understanding of eutectic growth may be obtained by applying a few simple "rules" for binary alloys, such as entropy of solution and relinear volume of each phase.
Abstract: Many attempts have been made in the past to bring order to the near-bewildering array of eutectic morphologies. These have met with limited success due mainly to the fact that the morphology of a particular eutectic may be highly dependent on both chemical composition and the rate of freezing. This paper shows for binary alloys, at least, that a more complete understanding of eutectic growth may be obtained by applying a few simple ‘rules’. With these it is possible to so characterize eutectic growth that the unknown structure of a particular eutectic may be prodicted at a given growth rate if the entropy of solution and relative volume of each phase are known. The characterization scheme embraces the growth behaviour of the thirty or so systems for which thermodynamic data are more readily available.
115 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the positron zero-point energy and positron-electron correlation energy were calculated, taking into account the nonlinear response of the electron system to a positron.
Abstract: Positron work functions have been calculated for a number of simple metals and the noble metals. Three separate contributions were estimated: the positron zero-point energy and the positron-electron correlation energy, which together constitute the internal positron chemical potential, and the contribution from the surface-dipole layer. The effect of the ionic lattice was included in the zero-point energy and the surface-dipole barrier. The correlation energy was calculated taking into account the nonlinear response of the electron system to the positron. Of all the metals considered only Au and Cu were calculated to have negative work functions. Positronium work functions were also calculated and in all cases they are smaller than the corresponding positron work function and negative for several metals.
105 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, adopted values for the static charge quadrupole moments Q2+ of first excited states of even-even nuclei are given in Table I and the adopted values of the reduced electromagnetic transition probabilities B(E2, 0+→2+) and corresponding values |Q2+rot | derived with the adiabaticrotational model.
100 citations
100 citations
TL;DR: One of the most significant political doctrines developed in the later Middle Ages was the papal hierocratic theory of government, which attributed to the pope a plenitude of power in both spiritual and temporal affairs as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: ONE of the most significant political doctrines developed in the later Middle Ages was the papal hierocratic theory of government, which attributed to the pope a plenitude of power in both spiritual and temporal affairs.' When the term plenitudo potestatis made its first appearance in papal documents, it was used to describe the delegated power of papal legates rather than the power of the pope himself. It was meant to imply, not complete and thorough-going fullness of power which would necessarily include temporal power, but fullness of power within the limits of the definition of that power, whatever those limits may have been. Even when the term came to be used in connection with the papacy, it did not necessarily imply a claim to complete temporal sovereignty, but simply spiritual sovereignty with temporal consequences, plus temporal sovereignty in
TL;DR: In this article, the positron bound states localized at metal surfaces for most metals, which should be manifested in a long-lived positron lifetime component, are discussed. And the behaviour of positronium near metal surfaces is also discussed.
TL;DR: This article showed that conditioned incentive stimuli may have broader effects than have classically been attributed to them and suggested that learned factors may mediate the effects of deprivation operations on eating and play a significant part in the regulation of feeding.
TL;DR: The cultural requirements of various anuran trypanosomes, in terms of nutritional needs and other factors such as pH, osmolarity, etc., appear to be readily available adjuncts to morphology and other properties in the establishment of species status.
Abstract: Publisher Summary This chapter discusses trypanosomes of tailless Amphibia (Anura) The chapter deals with taxonomic and phylogenetic considerations, morphology, electron microscopy and cytology, life cycles, distribution, the vertebrate host and pathogenesis, physiological processes, the invertebrate host, media, physiology, and biochemistry applied to methods of culture The study of the eco-physiological relationships among host, parasite, and vector adds a great deal to understanding of the dynamics of host parasite systems in general These studies are especially practicable since the trypanosomes can be maintained readily in culture The development of the trypanosome in culture using both fresh and stained preparations is briefly discussed Temperature has been shown to affect the cultures of anuran trypanosomes The recent report of a possible endogenous adrenergic control system in an anuran trypanosome is a most interesting finding Not only does it tie in neatly with the above-mentioned host-parasite model, it also points out the advantages of a broad, integrating approach in parasitic protozoology The cultural requirements of various anuran trypanosomes, in terms of nutritional needs and other factors such as pH, osmolarity, etc, appear to be readily available adjuncts to morphology and other properties in the establishment of species status
TL;DR: This study appears to substantiate clinical impressions regarding the three types of prime symptom depression seen in children, and there seems to be a rather uncommon type of guilt depression arising in late latency.
Abstract: This study appears to substantiate clinical impressions regarding the three types of prime symptom depression seen in children. The affectual group occurs in younger children, and seems to give way...
TL;DR: Data suggest that the changes inleft ventricular filling pressure seen during myocardial ischemia are related to increase in left ventricular volume but do not exclude the possibility that there may be accompanying changes inLeft ventricular diastolic compliance.
Abstract: It has been shown in man that myocardial ischemia, whether precipitated by exercise or pacing-induced tachycardia, is associated with abnormalities of left ventricular end-diastolic pressure. There has been controversy as to whether this relationship is due to decreased myocardial compliance or to an increase in left ventricular volume as a manifestation of left ventricular failure. Simultaneous measurements of left ventricular pressure and left ventricular volume using ultrasonic techniques were carried out in five normal subjects and 21 patients with coronary artery disease. In the normal subjects a decrease in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure during pacing was associated with a decrease in left ventricular end-diastolic volume, and during interruption of pacing, pressures and volumes returned to normal. In nine patients with coronary artery disease who did not develop angina, a similar response was seen. In 12 patients with coronary artery disease who developed angina during pacing, the reductio...
TL;DR: The survival value to redwings of large colony size and synchronous nesting, in the colonies studied, was a reduced predation rate on a percentage basis, and in most large and small colonies, the percentage of nests predated was lower during the peak of nesting activity than later.
Abstract: Nesting colonies of redwings in marshes are larger and tend to be more synchronous than colonies in upland habitats of comparable area, but the duration of nesting activity is longer in large colonies. These variations in timing are probably correlated with the phenology of the vegetation in nesting habitat and not with the size of the breeding colony. Earlier nesting may be selectively advanageous because of a seasonal trend of increasing predation. The survival value to redwings of large colony size and synchronous nesting, in the colonies studied, was a reduced predation rate on a percentage basis. In most large and small colonies, the percentage of nests predated was lower during the peak of nesting activity than later. The Holling predation model is applied as a possible interpretation of predation rates on different—sized nesting colonies. Larger colonies in uplands might reduce predation on individual nests, but colony size is probably limited by the abundance of certain resources, such as availability of suitable nest—sites or food supply. Solitary pairs of smaller colonies might also suffer less predation, but genetic exchange with marsh populations, where colonial nesting is advantageous, may prevent their occurrence.
TL;DR: It was suggested that heavy users of this drug did not show test performances indicating impairment of psychological functioning comparable to other types of organic cerebral dysfunction, nor did they show chronic changes on dimensions responsive to immediate intoxication.
Abstract: The psychological effects of chronic heavy use of Cannabis sativa were studied in a population of normal adult Jamaican males. Users had been daily consumers of the drug for a minimum of 10 years; Controls were subjects who had neither current nor past experience with the drug. Subjects were matched for age, sex, social class, alcohol use, level of general information (“intelligence”), education, and modernity. Three groups of objective psychological tests were administered, in addition to a questionnaire. The first group of test concerned physiological, sensory and perceptual-motor functioning; the second groups of tests measured concept formation and abstracting abilities; the third group was comprised of a number of tests of memory. An initial study failed to discover any indications of User impairment. The data was studied for possible confounding factors including drug potency, literacy, motivation, and research design. A replication of the study using an improved research design led to a strong confirmation of the original findings. It was suggested that heavy users of this drug did not show test performances indicating impairment of psychological functioning comparable to other types of organic cerebral dysfunction, nor did they show chronic changes on dimensions responsive to immediate intoxication.
TL;DR: In this article, a method to check the stability of two-dimensional recursive filters is proposed, where the Jury table is modified and used to check Huang's theorem, and some examples are solved to illustrate the method.
Abstract: This correspondence proposes a method to check the stability of two-dimensional recursive filters. In this method the Jury table is modified and used to check the first condition of Huang's theorem. Some examples are solved to illustrate the method.
TL;DR: The intensive use of paid time and space in mass media by political parties and candidates during electoral campaigns in Western democracies has given rise to the widespread opinion that advertising expenditures can and do influence the outcome of the voting process as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The intensive use of paid time and space in mass media by political parties and candidates during electoral campaigns in Western democracies has given rise to the widespread opinion that advertising expenditures can and do influence the outcome of the voting process. If this were indeed so it could be argued that parties and candidates with rich coffers might, at least in some measure, buy their way into seats of power by lavish outlay on advertising. The continuous debate in Canada and other democratic countries on the desirability of limiting campaign funds attests to the importance of this issue.
TL;DR: An improved technique has been developed to accurately quantitate lymphoid rosette‐forming cells ( RFC) and to assess the morphology and antigen‐binding ability of each RFC, finding thymus‐derived RFC were found to bind fewer erythrocytes than bone marrow‐derived (B) RFC.
Abstract: An improved technique has been developed to accurately quantitate lymphoid rosette-forming cells (RFC) and to assess the morphology and antigen-binding ability of each RFC. Two essential features were involved. First, rosettes were fixed with glutaraldehyde (a concentration of 0.6 % minimized the formation of artefacts). This fixation prevented dissociation of rosettes; RFC of weak antigen-binding ability could therefore consistently be preserved. Second, rosette preparations were stained, thus permitting morphological classification of RFC and the elimination of false rosettes. The antigen-binding ability of each RFC was determined by the number of sheep red blood cells (SRBC) bound. By this technique, thymus-derived (T) RFC were found to bind fewer erythrocytes than bone marrow-derived (B) RFC. Pretreatment of the SRBC with neuraminidase increased the SRBC-binding ability of B RFC, thus making the latter readily distinguishable from T RFC. Functionally different subpopulations of T and B RFC were suggested.
TL;DR: It is suggested that cotton seed pyruvate kinase is a regulatory enzyme involved in the conversion of fat into carbohydrate in fatstoring seeds.
Abstract: A number of plant species were examined for the presence of pyruvate kinase (pyruvate-ATP phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.1.40), and of a phosphatase activity which hydrolyzes phosphoenolpyruvate. Of those examined, only cotton (Gossypium sp. L.) seeds were found to be sufficiently free of the phosphatase to permit a kinetic study of pyruvate kinase.During germination of cotton seeds, pyruvate kinase activity rises for the first 3 days, after which it falls back to its original level. This developmental pattern is characteristic of enzymes involved in the conversion of fat into carbohydrate in fatstoring seeds. The phosphatase also rose rapidly during germination, which precluded the use of extracts from seedlings in the study of pyruvate kinase. No evidence was found for the presence of more than one pyruvate kinase in cotton seedlings.In crude extracts from ungerminated seeds, the enzyme shows slight deviations from normal kinetics with respect to phosphoenolpyruvate, magnesium, and to a lesser extent, ADP. After partial purification of the enzyme by ion exchange chromatography, the enzyme shows normal kinetics. The enzyme is activated by AMP, and inhibited by both ATP and citrate, in both crude and partially purified preparations. It is suggested that cotton seed pyruvate kinase is a regulatory enzyme.
TL;DR: A queueing model of movable-head disk storage systems is developed so that the performance, as measured by the mean response time, can be calculated and the applicability to a recently marketed disk is noted.
Abstract: A queueing model of movable-head disk storage systems is developed so that the performance, as measured by the mean response time, can be calculated. Queue scheduling algorithms which improve the performance are considered. Single-module disk systems are analyzed, incorporating the SCAN scheduling algorithm suggested by Denning so that comparisons with the FIFO algorithm are possible. This analysis is extended to multimodule systems whereby tables of approximate glean response values time can be calculated over system parameters describing equipment characteristics, equipment configuration, system loading, file organization, and scheduling algorithm (SCAN or FIFO). The use of such tables is discussed and the applicability of the analysis to a recently marketed disk is noted.
TL;DR: The major portion of the human diet consists of proteins, fats, and polysaccharides, and although minute amounts of some of these may be absorbed without prior hydrolysis, the majority of the nutrients traverse the small intestine after digestion into their building blocks consisting mainly of small peptides.
TL;DR: This is the first instance in which regulatory properties have been reported for a pyruvate kinase from a higher plant and the kinetics of the activations by AMP and by fumarate suggest the existence of separate activation sites for the two compounds.