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Showing papers by "Queen's University published in 1975"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a model of firm competition for the selling of homogeneous product along a linear market is presented, with assumptions on the competition model; description of the one-dimensional market; Equilibrium of firms.
Abstract: Focuses on a model of firm competition for the selling of homogenous product along a linear market. Assumptions on the competition model; Description of the one-dimensional market; Equilibrium of firms. (Из Ebsco)

549 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: For instance, the authors reviewed cross-cultural studies of psychological differentiation with the objectives of: examining the applicability, across cultures, of the main propositions of differentiation theory and the generality of its intracultural supporting data; identifying extensions of the theory, and of its empirical base, suggested by the cross-culture findings; and delineating problems in the existing data and useful lines of further crosscultural inquiry.
Abstract: Cross-cultural studies of psychological differentiation are reviewed with the objectives of: examining the applicability, across cultures, of the main propositions of differentiation theory and the generality of its intracultural supporting data; identifying extensions of the theory, and of its empirical base, suggested by the cross-cultural findings; and delineating problems in the existing data and useful lines of further cross-cultural inquiry. The evidence on self-consistency, age changes and stability indicates that these aspects of differentiation show patterns in other cultures essentially similar to those observed in the original American studies. Numerous cross-cultural studies have sought the sources of individual and group differences in differentiation in family practices, in cultural influences and in ecological pressures. The evidence from these studies suggests that less differentiated functioning, including a more field-dependent perceptual mode, is associated with insistence upon adherence to adult authority, female salience and the absence of strong male role models in the family; “tight” organization and stress upon conformity in society; and sedentary agricultural and pastoral ecological settings. In contrast, more differentiated functioning, including relative field independence, are associated with encouragement of autonomy in the family, “loose” social structure and mobile hunting ecological settings. The small sex differences in field-dependence-independence, beginning in adolescence, repeatedly observed in Western studies are not universally evident in the non-Western data. Sex differences appear to be common in samples at the sedentary agricultural end of the ecological spectrum and less evident in mobile hunting samples. Sex differences also seem to be more prevalent in “tight” than in “loose” social settings.

486 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the relationship between wave parameters and bottom friction and shear stresses is investigated in an oscillating water tunnel to determine the relationships between wave parameter and resulting bottom friction, and the results are compared with existing semitheoretical expressions.
Abstract: Tests were performed in an oscillating water tunnel to determine the relationships between wave parameters and resulting bottom friction and shear stresses. The test results are presented in Stanton-type wave friction factor diagrams and results are compared with existing semitheoretical expressions. Transitions between flow regimes are also defined.

306 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A history of the changes in nomenclature within the genus Spodoptera is outlined, and a key to the imagines of the eight species occurring in Africa and the Near East is presented, together with keys to the larvae and pupae of most of these species.
Abstract: A history of the changes in nomenclature within the genus Spodoptera is outlined. A key to the imagines of the eight species occurring in Africa and the Near East is presented, together with keys to the larvae and pupae of most of these species, including all those of economic importance in this region, as well as brief notes for identifying the eggs of six species. For each species, a separate account is given of its taxonomic features and affinities, general world and more detailed African distribution, as well as host-plants, including those of economic importance, and its vernacular names. The subspecies Spodoptera leucophlebia malagasy Viette, recorded only from the Malagasy Republic, has been raised to full specific status, and should now be known as Spodoptera malagasy Viette, stat. n.

257 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The TiO2-K2O-P2O5 ternary diagram as discussed by the authors was proposed as a method of discriminating between oceanic and non-oceanic (continental) basalts.

241 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
John M. Dixon1
TL;DR: In this article, the distribution of strain within and around gravitationally produced diapiric structures was studied through the use of experimental models which were deformed in a large-capacity centrifuge.

220 citations



Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Experimental evidence is provided that a monosynaptic reflex is not present in the dorsal muscles of the neck of the cat despite the fact that monosyaptic connections exist.

153 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors employed the force method to calculate the force constants of HF, H2O, NH3, CH4, HCl and SiH4 using wavefunctions generated by both the STO•3G and 4•31G basis sets.
Abstract: The force method has been employed to calculate the force constants of HF, H2O, NH3, CH4, HCl, H2S, PH3, and SiH4. The computations were performed using wavefunctions generated by both the STO‐3G and 4‐31G basis sets that are standard in the Gaussian 70 program system. The 4‐31G basis set provides reliable harmonic force constants, but those computed with the STO‐3G basis set are poor. Cubic force constants computed at the 4‐31G level are fair to very good. Cubic stretching force constants are reproduced especially well, regardless of the basis set. Quartic stretching force constants are good, but quartic bending constants are in error. A component analysis has been developed and relations have been found that may be useful for qualitative and quantitative discussions.

142 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: We are right to see power, prestige, and confidence as conditioned by the Civil War, and it is to our credit that we survived the War and tempered our national fiber in the process, but human decency and the future security of our country demand that we look at the costs as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: We are right to see power, prestige, and confidence as conditioned by the Civil War. But it is a very easy step to regard the War, therefore, as a jolly piece of luck only slightly disguised, part of our divinely instituted success story, and to think, in some shadowy corner of the mind, of the dead at Gettysburg as a small price to pay for the development of a really satisfactory and cheap compact car with decent pick-up and road-holding capability. It is to our credit that we survived the War and tempered our national fiber in the process, but human decency and the future security of our country demand that we look at the costs. What are some of the costs? Robert Penn Warren, The Legacy of the Civil War (New York: Random House, 1961), pp. 49–50.

133 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
W. J. Vreeken1
TL;DR: In this article, four principal kinds of chronosequences of soils that differ in age are defined: pre-incisive, post-inciscent, isochrony and time-transgression of incipience.
Abstract: Summary There are four principal kinds of chronosequences of soils that differ in age. These sequences have different combinations of isochrony and/or time-transgression of incipience and cessation of development of their encompassed soil members. A further criterion is the presence or absence of partial overlap in the history of these members. Post-incisive sequences have been commonly used for inferences on pathways and rates of development of individual soils, but their usual interpretation relies on the assumption that all soils involved developed the same way even while some of them may be polygenetic. Theoretically, pre-incisive sequences are to be preferred because they should provide time-lapse information on soil development. But, since they necessarily involve buried soils, problems of post-burial change may complicate their interpretation. The usefulness of fully time-transgressive sequences with partially overlapping soil tory depends on their predominant pre-incisive or post-incisive character. Fully time-transgressive chronosequences without overlap of soil history may provide insight into regimes of soil development throughout geologic time, but not into rates of change of individual soils. Functional soil-landscape units, such as catenas and valley basins may have internal soil age differentiation. This imposes restrictions on the systematic investigation of their evolution.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a comprehensive investigation of the boundaries of the regime of bubbling aggregative fluidization has been made, where experiments were done with sand, glass beads, clover seed, and iron shot fluidized with helium, air, and freon-12 in columns 2.5, 5, 10, and 21 cm in diameter.
Abstract: A comprehensive investigation has been made of the boundaries of the regime of bubbling aggregative fluidization. Experiments were done with sand, glass beads, clover seed, and iron shot fluidized with helium, air, and freon-12 in columns 2.5, 5, 10, and 21 cm in diameter. Bed heights ranged from 1 to 60 column diameters, particle diameters from 0.07 to 1.1 mm, particle densities from 1300 to 7600 kg/m3, and gas densities from 0.17 to 5.2 kg/m3. Correlations are presented for the void fraction at the minimum bubbling point and for the superficial fluid velocity at the points of minimum fluidization, minimum bubbling, and minimum slugging.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: For instance, this article reviewed cross-cultural studies of psychological differentiation with the objectives of: examining the applicability, across cultures, of the main propositions of differentiation theory and the generality of its intracultural supporting data; identifying extensions of the theory, and of its empirical base, suggested by the cross-culture findings; and delineating problems in the existing data and useful lines of further crosscultural inquiry.
Abstract: Cross-cultural studies of psychological differentiation are reviewed with the objectives of: examining the applicability, across cultures, of the main propositions of differentiation theory and the generality of its intracultural supporting data; identifying extensions of the theory, and of its empirical base, suggested by the cross-cultural findings; and delineating problems in the existing data and useful lines of further cross-cultural inquiry. The evidence on self-consistency, age changes and stability indicates that these aspects of differentiation show patterns in other cultures essentially similar to those observed in the original American studies. Numerous cross-cultural studies have sought the sources of individual and group differences in differentiation in family practices, in cultural influences and in ecological pressures. The evidence from these studies suggests that less differentiated functioning, including a more field-dependent perceptual mode, is associated with insistence upon adherence to adult authority, female salience and the absence of strong male role models in the family; “tight” organization and stress upon conformity in society; and sedentary agricultural and pastoral ecological settings. In contrast, more differentiated functioning, including relative field independence, are associated with encouragement of autonomy in the family, “loose” social structure and mobile hunting ecological settings. The small sex differences in field-dependence-independence, beginning in adolescence, repeatedly observed in Western studies are not universally evident in the non-Western data. Sex differences appear to be common in samples at the sedentary agricultural end of the ecological spectrum and less evident in mobile hunting samples. Sex differences also seem to be more prevalent in “tight” than in “loose” social settings.


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: By 21 days the number of crypts in the small intestine of the mouse had increased steadily to levels approaching normal, and the mechanism of increase in crypt number was by budding and fission of repopulated crypts which had become larger than normal.
Abstract: Following 1600 R of X-rays there was a reduction in the number of crypts in the small intestine of the mouse by 77% as measured 5 days later. However, by 21 days the number had increased steadily to levels approaching normal. The number of villi did not change following irradiation. The mechanism of increase in crypt number was by budding and fission of repopulated crypts which had become larger than normal. Some aspects of crypt organization are discussed.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the development of the microbial flora on meat stored in vacuum-bags at 0-2° for up to 9 weeks was studied, and it was found that the initial contamination of the meat before vacuum-packaging was important; meat with a very low initial number had lower numbers of bacteria throughout storage for upto 9 weeks and steaks cut from such meat which had been stored always had 1-2 days' additional aerobic shelf life at 4°.
Abstract: The development of the microbial flora on meat stored in vacuum-bags at 0–2° for up to 9 weeks was studied. Although the proportion of lactic acid bacteria increased relative to the aerobic spoilage organisms, the numbers of the latter continued to increase throughout storage. The initial contamination of the meat before vacuum-packaging was important; meat with a very low initial number had lower numbers of bacteria throughout storage for up to 9 weeks and steaks cut from such meat which had been stored always had 1–2 days’ additional aerobic shelf life at 4°. Spoilage of these steaks was due either to slime formation and off-odour associated with high counts of presumptive Pseudomonas spp., or by discoloration and souring (lactic acid bacteria). Extract release volume and pH measurements performed on the vacuum-packaged primal joints were only of value in determining the onset of aerobic spoilage when large numbers of Gram negative organisms were present, whereas the titrimetric method of spoilage evaluation of the vacuum-packaged meat showed a correlation with spoilage due to lactic organisms.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a positron pseudopotential is proposed that simplifies the description of a thermalized positron in a metal or alloy, based on a factorization of the positron wave function into an energy-independent core function.
Abstract: A positron pseudopotential is proposed that simplifies the description of a thermalized positron in a metal or alloy. The method is based on a factorization of the positron wave function into an energy-independent core function, which accounts for the detailed behavior of the positron when it approaches an ion core, and a smooth envelope or pseudo wave function. The pseudo wave function satisfies a Schr\"odinger-like equation with a relatively weak potential---the pseudopotential. Pseudopotential differences have been calculated for a number of alloys. The results indicate that the positron may have a strong preference or affinity for one sort of atom in binary alloys over the other. This relative positron affinity should lead to the positron preferentially annihilating with the electrons of that sort of atom in the alloy, and a method of detecting this from measured positron-annihilation data is proposed.


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used K/Ar mineral techniques to date 34 plutonic and volcanic rocks covering the entire age span of magmatic events associated with the Andean orogeny between latitudes 26° and 29° south.


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared tariffs and quotas for restricting imports to improve the terms of trade in a world in which domestic and/or foreign supply and demand conditions are stochastic.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In a series of four experiments, subjects were presented with eight item arrays tachistoscopically and were required to recall a digit presented among seven letters or a lette...
Abstract: In a series of four experiments, subjects were presented with eight item arrays tachistoscopically. In two tasks, the subject was required to recall a digit presented among seven letters or a lette...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is suggested that an index of host cell infiltration of carcinomas and sarcomas can quickly and easily be ascertained by enumeration of Fc receptor‐bearing cells.
Abstract: A variety of murine connective and epithelial tissue tumors, including the SAD/2 and FS9 fibrosarcomas, the TA3/Ha and CAD/2 mammary carcinomas and a primary methylcholanthrene-induced sarcoma, were found to contain a high proportion of cells with receptors for the Fc portion of immunoglobulin G ("Fc receptors"). Experiments were undertaken to assess whether these cells were neoplastic, or whether they represented the infiltration into the tumor of non-malignant host cells such as macrophages or lymphocytes. It was found that long-term established in vitro cell lines of the TA3/Ha SAD/2 and CAD/2 tumors were entirely negative for the Fc receptor, whereas injection of these cells led to the formation of tumors containing a high proportion of Fc receptor-bearing cells. Many of these cells were actively phagocytic as assessed by ingestion of iron filings or antibody-coated erythrocytes. Injection of Fc receptor-negative cultured tumor cells into F1 hybrids, in which host cells could be distinguished from the tumor cells by anti-H2 sera, revealed that many or all of the Fc receptor-bearing cells in the resultant tumor were of host origin. In contrast to its effect on normal spleen cells, anti-theta serum treatment also partially inhibited Fc rosettes, suggesting a T-lymphocyte origin for some of the Fc receptor-bearing cells. Since almost all cells with potential anti-tumor activity bear Fc receptors, it is suggested that an index of host cell infiltration of carcinomas and sarcomas can quickly and easily be ascertained by enumeration of Fc receptor-bearing cells.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a rational idealized model of a restrained slab at punching failure is developed, which is an extension of one previously developed by Kinnunen and Nylander for simply supported slabs.
Abstract: The punching shear strength of restrained concrete slabs is investigated. A rational idealized model of a restrained slab at punching failure is developed. This model is an extension of one previously developed by Kinnunen and Nylander for simply supported slabs. The influence of boundary restraints on punching load is demonstrated and the model is shown to yield accurate estimates of the punching strength of slabs with known boundary restraints. An empirical factor, termed the restraint factor, is introduced to estimate the influence of boundary restraints and can be used in the design of slabs for which the actual restraints are not exactly known. The restraint factors for a number of restrained slab systems are reported.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The sandwich method as discussed by the authors is a technique which uses simplicial subdivision to compute Brouwer fixed points and solve related problems, such as finding general economic equilibria, and demonstrates the convergence properties of the algorithm, and discusses the nature of the approximation.
Abstract: The sandwich method is a technique which uses simplicial subdivision to compute Brouwer fixed points and solve related problems, such as finding general economic equilibria. This paper presents a self-contained account of the sandwich method. It introduces the basic concepts of simplicial subdivision and the process ofsandwiching, demonstrates the convergence properties of the algorithm, and discusses the nature of the approximation. A concise description of the algorithm is provided, and a small sample of computational experience is reported on.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a theoretical treatment of the scattering of a surface-wave mode on a planar surface waveguide at an abrupt axial transition is presented, which involves the matching of the tangential fields, expressed in terms of complete sets of eigenmodes, on the transition plane.
Abstract: A theoretical treatment is presented of the scattering of a surface-wave mode on a planar surface waveguide at an abrupt axial transition. The latter is due to a dielectric obstacle that covers the line completely up to a given height. The analysis involves the matching of the tangential fields, expressed in terms of complete sets of eigenmodes, on the transition plane. The problem arises in certain obstacle detection schemes currently being proposed for guided transportation, which use the principle of guided RADAR.


Journal ArticleDOI
M. A. Jenkins1
TL;DR: Double precision vector of coefficients in order of decreasing powers of the variable D E G R E E E integer degree of the polynomial ZEROR, double precision vectors of real and imaginary parts of the zeros found ZEROI by the algorithm FAIL logical parameter.
Abstract: OP double precision vector of coefficients in order of decreasing powers of the variable D E G R E E integer degree of the polynomial ZEROR, double precision vectors of real and imaginary parts of the zeros found ZEROI by the algorithm FAIL logical parameter which is true only if the leading coefficient is zero or if RPOLY has found fewer than degree zeros; in the latter case the degree is reset to the number of zeros found.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is concluded that the observed variation in numbers of polyhedra borne by individual cells in culture is not due to genetic variability among cells, nor can it be accounted for as a consequence of differing m.o.i. by virus.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A sales territory design procedure is presented which employs recent developments in set-partitioning and includes a computer code which makes it possible to handle design problems of realistic proportions.
Abstract: A sales territory design procedure should solve the dual problems of boundary definition and call frequency. Furthermore, it should be possible to base the design on several workload and potential criteria. A procedure is presented which meets this specification. It employs recent developments in set-partitioning and includes a computer code which makes it possible to handle design problems of realistic proportions. The outcome of the design procedure, termed the market matrix, is a schedule which specifies which salesman calls on each customer, and the sales call frequencies which maximize the total sales from all territories. A case example illustrates how the procedure is applied.