Showing papers by "Rajasthan Technical University published in 2018"

Analysis of grey wolf optimizer based fractional order PID controller in speed control of DC motor

Abstract: The present work deals with comparative and robustness analysis of grey wolf optimization (GWO) based fractional order proportional–integral derivative (FOPID) controller for speed control of DC motor. The GWO is a meta-heuristic algorithm inspired from the social hunting behaviour of grey wolves as search agents. The GWO algorithm maintains a proper balance between exploration and exploitation processes. The integral of time multiplied absolute error (ITAE) has been taken as an objective function for obtaining the parameters of FOPID controller by GWO. Comparison of proposed GWO/FOPID approach with other existing techniques has also been shown along with GWO/PID. It has been observed that proposed approach with ITAE as an objective function gives less settling, rise times and comparable overshoot in comparison to existing approaches in the literature. The robustness analysis of GWO/FOPID approach has also been carried out with variations in the parameters of DC motor.

Modified Grey Wolf Optimization Algorithm for Transmission Network Expansion Planning Problem

Abstract: Transmission network expansion planning (TNEP) problem is a large-scale, complex mixed integer nonlinear programming problem. The solution of TNEP problem is essential to fulfill the load demand in an economical manner. A grey wolf optimization (GWO) algorithm which is a nature-inspired metaheuristic algorithm is used to solve the TNEP problem. Further, a modified GWO is developed, and to validate its result, it is tested on 20 standard benchmark test functions. The basic and modified version of GWO algorithms is applied to solve TNEP problem for Graver’s six-bus and Brazilian 46-bus systems. The obtained results are compared with other state-of-the-art algorithms. The results demonstrate the accuracy as well as proficiency of the proposed algorithm.

Risk factors for musculoskeletal disorders in manual harvesting farmers of Rajasthan.

Abstract: Manual harvesting is a physically demanding occupation with several work-related issues in which musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) happen most commonly The risk factors for MSDs among manual harvesting farmers are not investigated properly in low and low-middle-income nations Therefore, a study among 140 farmers of Rajasthan, India was carried out through the usage of Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire and the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) technique to identify ergonomic risks χ2 analysis was used to find the relationship between the MSDs and various factors Also, logistic regression methodology was applied to get the most influencing factor for MSDs in different body regions The lower-back, fingers, shoulders and wrists/hands were the body parts in which more than 50% workers reported MSDs MSDs in one or more body regions were found to be associated with age, daily working in farms, farming experience, gender, hand dominance and perceived work fatigue The age was majorly associated with MSDs in all body regions except the shoulder and neck as per the outcome of logistic regression The outcome of RULA grand score had been found higher than or equal to 5 in 92% of the farmers which give directions for further research and changes

Event-Triggered Composite Control of a Two Time Scale System

Abstract: This brief proposes an event-triggered composite control of a two time scale system. A periodic sampling requirement is relaxed and both slow and fast states of the system decide independently when transmitting their current measurements based on a time-dependent triggering rule. The distinct feature of this scheme is that it does not require synchronized measurement updates of its slow and fast dynamics. Further, the theory of singular perturbation is used to decouple the system into slow and fast subsystems, and stability of the system is established. The proposed control strategy guarantees convergence of system states to an adjustable region around origin excluding the Zeno behavior. Simulation results manifest the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

Optimization of operating parameters of earth air tunnel heat exchanger for space cooling: Taguchi method approach

Abstract: In the present study, CFD-based parametric analysis is carried out to optimise the parameters affecting the temperature drop and heat transfer rate achieved from earth air tunnel heat exchanger (EATHE) system. ANSYS FLUENT 15.0 is used for CFD analysis, and k-e model and energy equation were considered to define the turbulence and heat transfer phenomena. For a straight EATHE system configuration, four design and operating parameters, i.e., diameter of the pipe (A), length of pipe (B), inlet air velocity (C), and inlet air temperature (D), are considered at four different levels in Taguchi method. The Taguchi method is used to obtain maximum air temperature drop and heat transfer rate. The best combination of parameters for achieving a maximum drop in air temperature is A1B4C1D4 and that for obtaining maximum total heat transfer rate is A4B4C4D4. Statistical analysis reveals the percentage contribution of different factors for air temperature drop in the following order: inlet air temperature (57.80%), diameter of pipe (20.66%), length of pipe (12.03%), and air velocity (9.51%), while, for heat transfer rate, pipe diameter (53.28%), inlet air temperature (30.87%), air velocity (9.40%), and length of pipe (6.45%).

Properties and effects of organic additives on performance and emission characteristics of diesel engine: a comprehensive review

Abstract: Fast depletion of conventional automobile fuels and environmental pollution due to exhaust emission are the issues of great importance. Improvement in engine performance and emission control is quite difficult to handle simultaneously. The fuel properties can be improved substantially by incorporation of additives in different proportions to get better emission standard without deteriorating the engine performance. The aim of current study is to review/summarize the effects of various organic additives on the engine performance (i.e., brake thermal efficiency, brake specific fuel consumption, volumetric efficiency, etc.) and emissions (i.e., carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, particulate matter, and other harmful compounds). The physico-chemical and combustion properties (i.e., density, latent heat, dynamic viscosity, flash point, boiling point, cetane number, oxygen content, lower heating value, auto-ignition temperature, etc.) of various additives were also discussed to check the suitability of additives with diesel. Finally, limitations and opportunities using organic additives with respect to engine performance and combustion were discussed to guide future research and improvement in this field.

Performance Analysis of Non-Isolated DC-DC Buck Converter Using Resonant Approach

Abstract: DC-DC converters preserve or control the output DC voltage. Due to parasitic constituents such as leakage capacitance of both diode and inductor, and transformer leakage inductance, DC-DC converters mostly operate on rigid switching conditions which result in high switching losses. These parasitic constituents affect the dc-dc converter’s operational reliability, instigate electromagnetic interference issues and limit the converter’s operation at higher frequency operations. In this paper, resonant or soft-switch approach has been employed to improve the operating performance and design-oriented principle investigations have been carried out for overcoming the issues of parasitic constituents in 24-12V DC-DC step-down (buck) converter. This paper divulges the analysis and Matlab Simulation results for 24-12V buck converter based on resonant or soft-switching approach.

Machine Learning Techniques and Challenges in Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract: Deployment of wireless sensor networks usually found in science and designing applications, in military applications for intrusion detection and in civil applications. WSNs designing may be application specific and poses numerous concerns and restrictions. Energy aware routing, great concerning region of WSNs for analyser. As sensor nodes have limited power, information transmission, packet latency and data redundancy become essential concerns of routing algorithm for prolong lifetime of network. This review discusses various WSNs challenges with the system based on machine learning. And different solutions presented by the different authors. At last the future work emphasis on mobile sink location and dynamic clustering for improved energy efficient routing.

Design, Characterization, and Optimization of a Multilayer U-type Hexaferrite-Based Broadband Microwave Absorber

Abstract: Design and development of broadband thin multilayer microwave-absorbing materials (MAMs) are described in this paper. Design and analysis of single-, two-, three-, and four-layered MAM are covered in detail. CoCr-based U-type hexaferrite MAMs Ba4(Co1-3 x Cr x )2 Fe36O60 for various values of x ( x = 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.25) have been used as base materials. Thickness and material layers have been optimized using genetic algorithm (GA). Reflection loss ( RL ) of −50 dB has been obtained using single-layered MAM at 2.21 mm thickness with effective bandwidth of 1.5 GHz. RL value has been optimized in two-, three-, and four-layered MAM and RL of −80.94 dB has been obtained using four-layered MAM at 1.801 mm thickness with effective bandwidth of 3.948 GHz. MAMs have been applied on an artillery shell and using electromagnetic (EM) simulation software radar cross-section (RCS) reduction simulation has been carried out for single- and multilayered MAM. RCS reduction of 9.14 dB has been obtained using single-layered MAM and a reduction of 19.86 dB has been obtained for four-layered MAM at 10 GHz. RCS reduction simulations have been carried out in entire X band and a maximum RCS reduction of 29.76 dB has been obtained at 9.5 GHz at 0° aspect angle.

Some results for Laplace-type integral operator in quantum calculus

Abstract: In the present article, we wish to discuss q-analogues of Laplace-type integrals on diverse types of q-special functions involving Fox’s $H_{q}$ -functions. Some of the discussed functions are the q-Bessel functions of the first kind, the q-Bessel functions of the second kind, the q-Bessel functions of the third kind, and the q-Struve functions as well. Also, we obtain some associated results related to q-analogues of the Laplace-type integral on hyperbolic sine (cosine) functions and some others of exponential order type as an application to the given theory.

Fuzzy and P&O MPPT Techniques for Stabilized the Efficiency of Solar PV System

Abstract: In this paper, electrical power is generated from solar energy using Solar PV cell. The system is designed with 1- KW PV module and connected with DC/DC converters with DC load. Various control techniques are adopted to make the output suitable for Distributed generation (DGs). The Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) and Perturb & Observe (P&O) based control techniques are utilized with various DC/DC converter Buck, Boost and Buck-Boost converters to observe various output response like power and voltage and comparisons between the controlling techniques using FLC and P&O for Solar PV system which provides a convenient choice of right technique for DC micro grid system and find out the efficiency of the converter with various converters.

Settlement Analysis of Non-homogeneous Single Granular Pile

Abstract: Stone columns or granular piles are frequently used for the stabilization of soft clays and silts and loose silty sands with large amount of fines. Granular piles/stone columns improve the performance of foundations on soft ground by reducing the settlement to an acceptable level and also by increasing the load carrying capacity. The columns of granular material also help to speed up consolidation effects in the soft ground. Consideration of granular piles often to be homogeneous may not be true always and may lead to errors in the predictions of response of granular pile reinforced ground. The consideration of non-homogeneity of granular pile in terms of its non-linear behaviour of deformation modulus for settlement analysis could represent its in situ behaviour closer and more realistic. Present analysis carried out study of non-homogeneous granular pile in homogeneous soil based on the continuum approach in terms of settlement influence factor, normalized axial load and mobilized stress distributions with depth and the percentage of applied load transferred to the base. This analysis is applicable for a range of linear to non-linear analysis of deformation modulus of granular pile from top to tip.

GWO/PID Approach for Optimal Control of DC Motor

Abstract: The work deals with application of Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) for optimal speed control of DC motor. GWO is a bio inspired heuristic algorithm. Here, integral of time multiplied absolute error (ITAE) has been taken as an objective function for tuning the parameters of PID controller by GWO. Comparison of proposed GWO/PID scheme with other existing techniques has also been shown. It has been observed that proposed GWO/PID approach with ITAE as an objective function gives comparable overshoot and other parameters such as; settling and rise times are less when compared with existing approaches in the literature. The robustness and comparative analysis of proposed GWO/PID approach has also been carried out with variations in the parameters of DC motor.

Feasibility Study of Standalone Hybrid Wind-PV-Battery Microgrid Operation

Abstract: This paper presents techno-economic analysis of hybrid wind-PV-battery based microgrid in standalone mode for technical university campus located in north-west Indian state Rajasthan. Generation unit consists of NPS100C-21 wind turbine, Tata TS250 PV module, Leonics Appolo series converter and Cellcube series battery bank. Hourly wind profile, solar data and electrical load of previous one year has been used to simulate thousands of cases to obtain optimal microgrid operation in terms of cost and number of generating units. Converter unit regulates voltage in AC and DC bus-bar. Battery acts as active power source and backup unit to meet additional power demand when wind-PV generation is deficit. This paper aims to find a feasible solution to make university campus free from fossil fuel based energy sources. Simulation results have been established under varying meteorological conditions and load data. Site lies in low wind region and maximum wind penetration is observed to be 19.5%. COE of considered generation unit is obtained as $0.238 with renewable fraction of 100%. Obtained optimal generation unit is competitive with grid extension in terms of techno-economic feasibility.

Role of Multi-Band Stabilizers on Grid Connected Microgrid

Abstract: With the increase in demand of electrical energy, there is a need of an environment friendly generation. With the conventional energy generation systems various environmental and economical issues are concerned. In order to have an economically and environmentally beneficial generation, Microgrids have been introduced. A microgrid basically comprises of various DERs and various renewable energy sources to feed its loads. In this work various different types of power system stabilizers (PSSs) like CPSSs (Delta Omega Power system stabilizer and Delta Pa PSS, multi-band PSS (MB-PSS4B and MBPSS-2B) have been compared in controlling the grid connected microgrid. With the help of different PSS's the stability and active – reactive power contribution of different DERs have been controlled. In this paper, Matlab/Simulink software is adopted to simulate an AC microgrid using different control strategies.

Breast Cancer Prediction Using Genetic Algorithm Based Ensemble Approach

Abstract: Breast cancer prediction is an open area of research. Breast cancer is a classification problem which can be solved by machine learning models like a decision tree, random forest, support vector machine, and many more models. Each machine learning model has its own merits and demerits. In breast cancer prediction we need to improve the accuracy of models, so we use here ensemble method which combines predictions of multiple models. An ensemble is a method to increase the prediction accuracy of breast cancer. In this study, a new technique is introduced to GA based weighted average ensemble method of classification dataset which overcame the limitations of the classical weighted average method. Genetic algorithm based weighted average method is used for the prediction of multiple models. The comparison between Particle swarm optimization(PSO), Differential evolution(DE) and Genetic algorithm(GA) and it is concluded that the genetic algorithm outperforms for weighted average methods. One more comparison between classical ensemble method and GA based weighted average method and it is concluded that GA based weighted average method outperforms.

Han–Carlson adder based high-speed Vedic multiplier for complex multiplication

Abstract: Critical role is played by multipliers in modern digital signal processing systems. The overall system is affected by multipliers in terms of speed and computational complexity. In this paper, a Han–Carlson adder (HCA) based high-speed Vedic multiplier is proposed. The proposed Vedic multiplier uses Urdhva–Tiryakbhyam sutra of Vedic multiplication. Han–Carlson adder is one of the parallel-prefix adders which provides high-speed to the proposed multiplier architecture. Proposed architecture of 64 × 64 bit Vedic multiplier is implemented using Xilinx ISE 14.2 navigator in VHDL. The implementation results of proposed architecture are compared with conventional Vedic multipliers with different adders which show that the conventional multipliers is having larger time delay as compared to proposed multiplier. Furthermore, complex multiplication architectures, using three and four 32 × 32 bit proposed Vedic multipliers are also implemented. The results of these complex multiplication architectures are also compared with conventional Booth multiplier and Array multiplier based architectures which show that the complex multiplication using proposed architecture provides improved delay, low hardware (LUTs) and low complexity.

Integral Inequalities Associated with Gauss Hypergeometric Function Fractional Integral Operators

Abstract: In this paper, some new integral inequalities related to the bounded functions, involving hypergepmetric fractional integral operators, are established. Special cases of the main results are also pointed out.

Prevalence and risk factors of musculoskeletal disorders among farmers involved in manual farm operations

Abstract: The aim of the current investigation is to determine the risk factors affecting the musculoskeletal system of 100 manual working farmers of India. The information regarding prevalence and risk factors of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. For evaluating the risk in operations, rapid entire body assessment (REBA) and rapid upper limb assessment (RULA) techniques were used. The existence of various risk factors and their influence on the MSDs were found significant during crop cutting/harvesting and weeding operations. Manual farm working postures may be exposing farmers to a substantial risk of developing MSDs in one or more body parts including lower back, fingers, hands/wrists, and shoulders. Postural analysis by RULA and REBA shows the high prevalence of MSDs which should be reduced by ergonomic interventions.

A comparative study of oxygenated additives for diesel in compression ignition engine

Abstract: Performance improvement and emissions control are quite difficult to handle simultaneously in diesel engines. These two tasks can be achieved by one of the methods such as: engine design improvement, engine exhaust treatment and modification in fuel. The modification of fuel using additives is most feasible approach to control the high emissions without deteriorating the engine performance. The aim of this paper is to present the comprehensive review and comparative study of oxygenated additives with respect to engine performance and emission characteristics. It is concluded from literature review that oxygenated compounds are the most suitable and economical among all additives available for this purpose.

Comparative Analysis of Leaf Classification and Recognition by Different SVM Classifiers

Abstract: This paper presents the leaf shape extraction for the classification of plant. Leaf shape is an important parameter which are frequently used to identify and classify the plant species. Besides many challenges occurred in plant classification, it is very useful technique to study the livestock systems, conservation and ecology. The camera captures the image followed by segmenting the required leaves from the image and then a single leaf is segmented using OTSU's segmentation. A new approach is used to extract 14 features from the leaf using shape detector and classifying 16 different kind of plants with SVM classifier. Accuracies ranging from 89% to 91% are acquired which are similar to the earlier reported work.

Performance evaluation of GWO/PID approach in control of ball hoop system with different objective functions and perturbation

Abstract: The present work deals with robustness and comparative analysis of grey wolf optimization (GWO)/proportional-integral-derivative (PID) approach in control of a ball and hoop (BH) system with differ...

An Analytical Survey of the Islanding Detection Techniques of Distributed Generation Systems

Abstract: This paper provides an analytical survey of the islanding detection techniques for the distributed generation systems. Islanding phenomena on takes place when the power supply from the main utility is intermittent due to numerous reasons, but the distributed generation keeps supplying power into the distribution networks. Islanding can be dangerous to workers and electrical equipment, even the power grid. Therefore, islanding detection is the priority among priorities. Islanding detection is a precondition of two working modes switching for distributed generation. In this paper, a detailed description followed by the classification of the islanding detection techniques has been made based on features, such as detection time, size of non-detection zone, power quality disturbances, system cost and operation under multiple distributed generation units. The merits and demerits of islanding detection methods are analyzed and summarized in this paper. In this manner, the greatest detection outcome can be achieved by exploiting the merits of each method. This paper is aimed to serve as a convenient reference and guidance value for deciding the islanding detection method for future islanding users in distributed generation system.

Power Quality Enhancement Using Unified Power Flow Controller in Standalone Grid Connected Solar PV System

Abstract: With the ever-advancing technology, our electricity consumption is taking a hike, too. To indemnify this hike, the power engineers have to ensure that the consumers get an uninterrupted power supply. Unfortunately, the conventional grid is no longer reliable to provide a continuous power supply to the consumers. So, the power industry has switched onto the new power generation sources like solar photovoltaic, wind energy systems, hydel power etc. Out of these, solar photovoltaic has proved to be the most efficient one. In this paper, we shall integrate the solar power with the conventional grid and study the effects of high solar penetration on the conventional grid. The problems which arise due to high solar penetration include load variation, voltage rise and reverse power flow. Also, the sporadic nature of solar PV makes the system a bit unstable. So, to resolve all these issues, a new FACTS device, UPFC has been used. The UPFC ameliorates the voltage profile of the system as the series converter of UPFC injects an ac bus voltage into the system. Also, during the specified switching time, the UPFC removes the power oscillations arising at the utility grid side. The model also enhances the voltage profile of the system and increases the power at the grid side. The model is simulated on MATLAB Simulink and simulation outcomes have been shown.

Analysis and Integration of Nine Level Cascaded H-Bridge Multilevel Inverter Configuration in a Photovoltaic System

Abstract: Power electronics converters are gaining importance due to the reliable performance of grid-connected solar system or standalone solar system. In this paper nine levels cascaded H-bridge Multi-level inverter (CHB-MLI) is analyzed. The effectiveness of this multilevel inverter is investigated by replacing the input dc source in cascaded inverter bridge with separate PV array and boost converters. This PV fed nine levels CHB is analyzed in two ways: (i) with equal magnitude of input voltage source to inverter and (ii) with unequal magnitude of input voltage source. Total harmonic distortion (THD) analysis for both cases has been carried out. Different multicarrier PWM strategies are also discussed. Further, the improvement in power quality by using passive filters at the output end of MLI is shown. Results are verified in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment by performing simulation.

Energy Efficient PEGASIS Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract: Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) for communication between the nodes uses a different type of protocols. This paper proposed improved Power-Efficient Gathering in Sensor Information System (PEGASIS) chain based routing protocol. The protocol are sensor nodes connected with next near nodes and selects the leader node for communication to the base station but this causes some problem when used for a long distance between nodes and base station. Such problem causes large transmission delay, selection of a leader, scalability, and unbalanced energy consumption. For enhancing the performance improved PEGASIS protocol is proposed which provides better energy efficiency and good lifetime sensor networks as compared to the unique PEGASIS protocol.