Institution
RAND Corporation
Nonprofit•Santa Monica, California, United States•
About: RAND Corporation is a nonprofit organization based out in Santa Monica, California, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Health care. The organization has 9602 authors who have published 18570 publications receiving 744658 citations.
Topics: Population, Health care, Poison control, Mental health, Public health
Papers published on a yearly basis
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TL;DR: Moderate differences in care continuity for Medicare beneficiaries are associated with sizable differences in costs, use, and complications.
Abstract: Importance Better continuity of care is expected to improve patient outcomes and reduce health care costs, but patterns of use, costs, and clinical complications associated with the current patterns of care continuity have not been quantified. Objective To measure the association between care continuity, costs, and rates of hospitalizations, emergency department visits, and complications for Medicare beneficiaries with chronic disease. Design, Setting, and Participants Retrospective cohort study of insurance claims data for a 5% sample of Medicare beneficiaries experiencing a 12-month episode of care for congestive heart failure (CHF, n = 53 488), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD, n = 76 520), or type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM, n = 166 654) in 2008 and 2009. Main Outcomes and Measures Hospitalizations, emergency department visits, complications, and costs of care associated with the Bice-Boxerman continuity of care (COC) index, a measure of the outpatient COC related to conditions of interest. Results The mean (SD) COC index was 0.55 (0.31) for CHF, 0.60 (0.34) for COPD, and 0.50 (0.32) for DM. After multivariable adjustment, higher levels of continuity were associated with lower odds of inpatient hospitalization (odds ratios for a 0.1-unit increase in COC were 0.94 [95% CI, 0.93-0.95] for CHF, 0.95 [0.94-0.96] for COPD, and 0.95 [0.95-0.96] for DM), lower odds of emergency department visits (0.92 [0.91-0.92] for CHF, 0.93 [0.92-0.93] for COPD, and 0.94 [0.93-0.94] for DM), and lower odds of complications (odds ratio range, 0.92-0.96 across the 3 complication types and 3 conditions; all P Conclusions and Relevance Modest differences in care continuity for Medicare beneficiaries are associated with sizable differences in costs, use, and complications.
296 citations
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Eindhoven University of Technology1, Max Planck Society2, National Scientific and Technical Research Council3, University of Groningen4, Flinders University5, University of Oxford6, Illinois Institute of Technology7, Nottingham Trent University8, Bielefeld University9, University of Nevada, Las Vegas10, University of Wisconsin-Madison11, Missouri State University12, University of Arkansas13, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven14, Leiden University15, Linnaeus University16, Tzu Chi University17, University of British Columbia18, University of Cambridge19, University of Edinburgh20, University of Glasgow21, Bangor University22, Linköping University23, Florida State University24, Yale University25, University of Louisiana at Lafayette26, University of Texas at Austin27, St. Edward's University28, West Virginia University29, Rutgers University30, Indiana University31, RWTH Aachen University32, Keele University33, University of Tübingen34, Radboud University Nijmegen35, University of Chester36, New York University37, University of Nottingham38, Erasmus University Rotterdam39, University of Bristol40, Sahlgrenska University Hospital41, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań42, University of Connecticut43, Humboldt University of Berlin44, Charité45, University of Fribourg46, University of Kent47, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic48, RAND Corporation49, Baylor University50, Virginia Tech51, Northern Illinois University52, Open University53, King's College London54, Stockholm University55, Karolinska Institutet56, Stanford University57, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina58, University of Tromsø59, DePaul University60, Boğaziçi University61, University of Cologne62, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology63, University of Leeds64, University of Virginia65, Center for Open Science66, National Institutes of Health67, University of Southern Indiana68, Autonomous University of Madrid69, Tilburg University70, Utrecht University71, Massey University72, Saint Louis University73, University of California, Davis74, Ghent University75
TL;DR: In response to recommendations to redefine statistical significance to P ≤ 0.005, it is proposed that researchers should transparently report and justify all choices they make when designing a study, including the alpha level.
Abstract: In response to recommendations to redefine statistical significance to P ≤ 0.005, we propose that researchers should transparently report and justify all choices they make when designing a study, including the alpha level.
296 citations
TL;DR: This paper found that African American harassment victims reported more loneliness and lower self-esteem than did harassment victims in the other ethnic groups, and they were more rejected by peers compared to Latino and multiethnic respondents.
Abstract: In an urban middle school, African American (n = 116), Latino (n = 118), and students from four other ethnic groups (labeled multiethnic, n = 172) completed nomination procedures that identified classmates who were perceived as aggressive or as victims of peer harassment. Peer acceptance and rejection also were measured by nomination procedures, and participants reported their self-perceived loneliness, social anxiety, and global self-esteem. Compared to Latino and multiethnic respondents, more African American students were nominated as aggressive, and fewer were nominated as victims of harassment. However, African American harassment victims reported more loneliness and lower self-esteem than did harassment victims in the other ethnic groups, and they were more rejected by peers. The data were interpreted as evidence that deviations from normative perceptions of a person’s group (i.e., being a victim of harassment when the perceived group norm is aggressiveness) are particularly detrimental to psycholog...
296 citations
TL;DR: The introduction of the PPS was not associated with a worsening of outcome for hospitalized Medicare patients, but it is recommended that clinical monitoring be maintained to ensure that changes in prospective payment do not negatively affect patient outcome.
Abstract: We compared patient outcomes before and after the introduction of the diagnosis related groups (DRG)-based prospective payment system (PPS) in a nationally representative sample of 14 012 Medicare patients hospitalized in 1981 through 1982 and 1985 through 1986 with one of five diseases. For the five diseases combined, length of stay dropped 24% and in-hospital mortality declined from 16.1% to 12.6% after the PPS was introduced ( P P P P P ( JAMA . 1990;264:1984-1988)
296 citations
TL;DR: For persons infected with HIV to benefit more fully from recent advances in medical therapy, policy makers may need to address nonmedical needs such as food, clothing, and housing as well as transportation, home care, and employment support.
Abstract: Objectives.To examine whether competing subsistence needs and other barriers are associated with poorer access to medical care among persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), using self-reported data.Design.Survey of a nationally representative sample of 2,864 adults receiving HIV ca
293 citations
Authors
Showing all 9660 results
| Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
|---|---|---|---|
| Darien Wood | 160 | 2174 | 136596 |
| Herbert A. Simon | 157 | 745 | 194597 |
| Ron D. Hays | 135 | 781 | 82285 |
| Paul G. Shekelle | 132 | 601 | 101639 |
| John E. Ware | 121 | 327 | 134031 |
| Linda Darling-Hammond | 109 | 374 | 59518 |
| Robert H. Brook | 105 | 571 | 43743 |
| Clifford Y. Ko | 104 | 514 | 37029 |
| Lotfi A. Zadeh | 104 | 331 | 148857 |
| Claudio Ronco | 102 | 1312 | 72828 |
| Joseph P. Newhouse | 101 | 484 | 47711 |
| Kenneth B. Wells | 100 | 484 | 47479 |
| Moyses Szklo | 99 | 428 | 47487 |
| Alan M. Zaslavsky | 98 | 444 | 58335 |
| Graham J. Hutchings | 97 | 995 | 44270 |