Showing papers by "Republic of Korea Army published in 2020"
TL;DR: A reliable parcel delivery schedule using drones is proposed to consider the BCR as a function of payload in the operational planning optimization, which provides the least number of drones and their flight paths to deliver parcels while ensuring the safe return of the drones with respect to the battery charge level.
Abstract: This paper addresses the design of a parcel delivery system using drones, which includes the strategic planning of the system and operational planning for a given region. The amount of payload affects the battery consumption rate (BCR), which can cause a disruption in delivery of goods if the BCR was under-estimated in the planning stage or cause unnecessarily higher expenses if it was over-estimated. Hence, a reliable parcel delivery schedule using drones is proposed to consider the BCR as a function of payload in the operational planning optimization. A minimum set covering approach is used to model the strategic planning and a mixed integer linear programming problem (MILP) is used for operational planning. A variable preprocessing algorithm and primal and dual bound generation methods are developed to improve the computational time for solving the operational planning model. The optimal solution provides the least number of drones and their flight paths to deliver parcels while ensuring the safe return of the drones with respect to the battery charge level. Experimental data show that the BCR is a linear function of the payload amount. The results indicate the impact of including the BCR in drone scheduling, 3 out of 5 (60%) flight paths are not feasible if the BCR is not considered. The numerical results show that the sequence of visiting customers impacts the remaining charge.
92 citations
TL;DR: The evidence supporting an association between school accidents and allergic diseases is not definitive, and no studies have investigated the possibility that sleep problems mediate the association of school accidents with allergic diseases.
Abstract: The incidence of school accidents, a leading cause of mortality and a major public health issue, has increased over the past decades.1,2 The major risk factors for school accidents are sports activities, impaired sleep, and psychological and behavioral disorders.2 A recent study also suggested that allergic diseases are associated with a higher incidence of school injuries that require medical attention.1 However, the evidence supporting an association between school accidents and allergic diseases is not definitive,1 and no studies have investigated the possibility that sleep problems mediate the association of school accidents with allergic diseases.
14 citations
TL;DR: Osteomyelitis, peripheral artery disease, chronic kidney disease, ulcer size, and forefoot ulcer location were risk factors for amputation in diabetic foot patients.
Abstract: Background A diabetic foot is the most common cause of non-traumatic lower extremity amputations (LEA). The study seeks to assess the risk factors of amputation in patients with diabetic foot ulcers (DFU). Methods The study was conducted on 351 patients with DFUs from January 2010 to December 2018. Their demographic characteristics, disease history, laboratory data, ankle-brachial index, Wagner classification, osteomyelitis, sarcopenia index, and ulcer sizes were considered as variables to predict outcome. A chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to test the relationship of the data gathered. Additionally, the subjects were divided into two groups based on their amputation surgery. Results Out of the 351 subjects, 170 required LEA. The mean age of the subjects was 61 years and the mean duration of diabetes was 15 years; there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of these averages. Osteomyelitis (hazard ratio [HR], 6.164; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.561-10.671), lesion on percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (HR, 2.494; 95% CI, 1.087-5.721), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR; HR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.981-0.999), ulcer size (HR, 1.247; 95% CI, 1.107-1.405), and forefoot ulcer location (HR, 2.475; 95% CI, 0.224-0.73) were associated with risk of amputation. Conclusion Osteomyelitis, peripheral artery disease, chronic kidney disease, ulcer size, and forefoot ulcer location were risk factors for amputation in diabetic foot patients. Further investigation would contribute to the establishment of a diabetic foot risk stratification system for Koreans, allowing for optimal individualized treatment.
11 citations
TL;DR: The association between TSH and kidney function, with emphasis on a potential nonlinear relationship, was analyzed, and increased TSH was associated with decreased eGFR, particularly in the reference range.
Abstract: Introduction: Thyroid function is evaluated by thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (fT4). Although many studies have indicated an intimate relationship between thyroid hormones and kidney functions, reports about the simultaneous evaluation of TSH and fT4 are rare. Objective: We aimed to analyze the association between TSH and kidney function, with emphasis on a potential nonlinear relationship, and identify an independent relationship between fT4 and kidney function. Methods: We reviewed the data of 7,061 subjects in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys who were randomly subsampled for thyroid function evaluation between 2013 and 2015. A total of 5,578 subjects were included in the final analysis, after excluding people <18 years old, and those with a short fasting time, abnormal fT4 levels, and thyroid disease or related medications. Creatinine-based estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was used to define kidney function. Results: A 1 mmol/L increase of logarithmic TSH was associated with decreased eGFR (β: –1.8; 95% CI –2.3 to –1.2; p < 0.001), according to multivariate linear regression analysis. On the multivariate generalized additive model plot, TSH demonstrated an L-shaped relationship with eGFR, showing a steeper slope for 0–4 mIU/L of TSH. A 1 µg/dL increase of fT4 was also associated with decreased eGFR (β: –7.0; 95% CI –0.94 to –4.7; p < 0.001) on the multivariate linear regression analysis; this association was reversed after adjusting for age. On the mediation analysis, the indirect effect via age and direct effect per 1 µg/dL increase of fT4 on eGFR was 9.9 (8.1 to 11.7, p < 0.001) and –7.1 (–9.3 to –4.8, p < 0.001), respectively. Conclusions: Increased TSH was associated with decreased eGFR, particularly in the reference range. The direct effect of increased fT4 was decreased eGFR, which may be affected indirectly by age.
11 citations
TL;DR: The intake of oral carbohydrates in patients treated with closed reduction and internal fixation for proximal femoral fractures does not affect the improvement of post-operative insulin resistance, however, there was significant improvement in patients’ thirst and hunger before surgery and LOS.
Abstract: Purpose:The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical effects of oral carbohydrate intake for cephalomedullary nailing on proximal femoral fractures and patient satisfaction.Subjects an...
5 citations
TL;DR: A real-time rerouting process consisting of two optimization models that generate an optimal alternative flight path for a drone that has insufficient remaining battery runtime that results in more conservative solutions as compared to the deterministic approach.
Abstract: This paper proposes a method for real-time rerouting drone flights under uncertain flight times. The battery runtime that remains of a drone in real-time may be insufficient to complete its flight mission. This may be due to external factors, such as unexpected severe weather or obstacles that move into the drone’s flight path. Under unexpected situations, such as these, the drone cannot safely return to its depot, as planned. To ensure that the drone makes a safe return and that the flight mission is a success, there must be a real-time rerouting process for a drone’s flight path in response to unforeseeable circumstances. Hence, this paper proposes a real-time rerouting process consisting of two optimization models that generate an optimal alternative flight path for a drone that has insufficient remaining battery runtime. The first model is used to find an optimal flight path to visit all remaining target waypoints. If the first model fails to obtain a feasible solution, the second model is implemented to find an optimal flight path to minimize the number of unvisited waypoints. To confine the total flight (travel) time to the insufficient battery runtime, both models include the constraint associated with uncertain flight (travel) times between waypoints. To capture this uncertainty, this paper proposes a chance constrained programming (CCP) approach under the assumption of a known mean, variance, and flight time intervals. Numerical examples show how the proposed rerouting process works, and the CCP method results in more conservative solutions as compared to the deterministic approach.
4 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed people's trust in the military during military crisis and explored whether the three demographic factors that were known to influence people's perceptions of the military (i.e. military identity, gender and political affiliation) played roles in military crisis.
Abstract: The current research analyses people's trust in the military during military crisis. Also, this research explores whether the three demographic factors that were known to influence people's perceptions of the military (i.e. military identity, gender and political affiliation) played roles in military crisis. The results indicated that, compared to pre‐crisis situation, both civilian and military publics showed lower scores on their trust in the military after a military crisis than before. Also, the three factors were identified as the indicators of military crisis responsibility. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed.
3 citations
31 Dec 2020
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors attempted to analyze 69 regular papers' abstracts in the military science and domestic social science fields and found that 63% (44) of these were related to the construction of military power such as security cooperation, external situations, research and development, and defense reform.
Abstract: The Republic of Korea, which is the only divided country in the world, is an extremely prominent country facing an existential enemy named “North Korea”. In Korea, the military science field is gaining interest and importance. However, as it is a specialized field, research is scarce. In this study, through text mining, we attempted to analyze 69 regular papers’ abstracts in the military science and domestic social science fields. These abstracts were present in the Korea Citation Index (KCI), which publishes the latest research trends and, in this case, trends in military studies. As a result, research is being conducted on various subjects. In particular, 63% (44) of these were found to be related to the construction of military power such as security cooperation, external situations, research and development, and defense reform. This study applied an unstructured data analysis method called text mining and attempted to analyze the subject of several papers from a more scientific perspective. Hence, it can be considered a study of great significance as it was able to provide an overall understanding of general research trends and trends in recent military studies.
1 citations
TL;DR: The Baker’s cyst is found, the cause of the common peroneal neuropathy, and treated immediately by just simple ultrasound examination and aspiration and surgery in a 57-year-old woman.
Abstract: Background Baker's cysts are usually located in the posteromedial side of the knee and seldom cause neuropathy. Case We describe the rare case of a 57-year-old woman with a popliteal cyst who presented with limping gait and pain in her lower leg. She was electronically diagnosed with common peroneal neuropathy and transferred to our pain clinic. On ultrasound examination, about 2.0 × 1.2 cm sized popliteal cyst was found to extend to the fibular head, compressing the common peroneal nerve. Therefore, ultrasound-guided aspiration of the cyst and a common peroneal nerve block were performed. Immediately after the procedure, the pain, dysesthesia, and limping gait were relieved. Although her pain and dysesthesia were relieved, she underwent the surgery because of limping gait. Conclusions In this case, we found the Baker's cyst, the cause of the common peroneal neuropathy, and treated it immediately by just simple ultrasound examination and aspiration.
1 citations
TL;DR: Using hermeneutics to interpret meaning from student gestures, the authors identified three types of frequently used gestures: deictic, imageable, and depictive, which served either a social communication purpose (explaining, asking, insisting, and giving evidence) or science communication purposes (visualization and temporal or spatial).
Abstract:
The purpose of this study was to examine middle school students’ gestures during a geological field trip. Previous research on gestures has focused on understanding human development and exploring students’ gestures can be helpful in improving understanding of students’ communication in learning environments. In this study, middle school students from a gifted education center engaged in fieldwork along the Hantan-River to learn about and explain river formation processes. Using hermeneutics to interpret meaning from student gestures, researchers identified three types of frequently used gestures: deictic, imageable, and depictive, which served either a social communication purpose (explaining, asking, insisting, and giving evidence) or science communication purposes (visualization and temporal or spatial). Researchers offer implications about the role of gestures for helping novice learners communicate geoscience content and about the potential for gestures to be used by educators as an instructional resource for learners.
1 citations
TL;DR: Unmet healthcare needs are influenced by the number of disease by the type of ROK military personnel, and female military personnel are more likely to experience un met healthcare needs than are male military personnel.
Abstract: Introduction The National Statistical Yearbook of Defense 2018 issued by the Republic of Korea (ROK) Ministry of National Defense reported that the number of patients using military hospitals steadily increased from 2008 to 2017. However, in the outpatient clinic statistics for years 2015-2017 from the ROK Armed Forces Medical Command, the amount of medical care received from some medical departments, such as the infection medicine, surgery, and anesthesiology departments, decreased. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to observe the differences in incidence of military personnel's unmet healthcare needs according to number of diseases by type. Materials and methods The study used data from the Military Health Survey, which was conducted from 2014 to 2015 and included 5162 responses from ROK military personnel. The number of diseases by type and unmet healthcare needs were self-reported. A multiple logistic regression analysis was used to examine the validity of the annual disease experience by type and correlations with unmet healthcare needs. Results Of the 5162 military personnel, 25.2% experienced unmet healthcare needs, and the more people with the number of disease by type, the more likely they were to experience unmet healthcare needs (1: 13.4%, 2: 22.9%, 3: 29.2%, 4: 34.5%, 5: 41.4%). The logistic regression analysis also revealed significant differences (1 = REF, 2 odds ratio (OR) = 1.83, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.50-2.24; 3 OR = 2.53, 95% CI: 2.05-3.11, 4 OR = 3.10, 95% CI = 2.49-3.85; ≥5 OR = 3.85, 95% CI = 3.08-4.81). In addition, subgroup analysis showed that female military personnel are more likely to experience unmet healthcare needs than are male military personnel. We have also confirmed that working areas and private insurance can affect unmet healthcare needs. Conclusion This study suggests that unmet healthcare needs are influenced by the number of disease by the type of ROK military personnel. It is therefore necessary to strive to reduce the number of military personnel who experience unmet healthcare needs through this data.