Rio de Janeiro State University

About: Rio de Janeiro State University is a education organization based out in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Large Hadron Collider. The organization has 16631 authors who have published 30919 publications receiving 465753 citations. The organization is also known as: UERJ & Rio de Janeiro State University.

A mini-exon multiplex polymerase chain reaction to distinguish the major groups of Trypanosoma cruzi and T. rangeli in the Brazilian Amazon.

Abstract: 0. Fernandesi*3, S. S. Santos’, E. CupoUlo’, B. Mendonga’, R. Derre3, A. C. V. Junqueira’, L. C. Santos’, N. R. Sturm4, R. l3. NaifP, T. V. Barret’, Il. A. Campbell4 and J. R. Coura’ ‘Department of Tropical Medicine and 2Department of Imw~nunology, Instiwo OswaEdo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; 3DepaPtment of Pathology, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; 4Department of Microbiology, InwunoZogy and MolecuZar Genetics, Uv 51nstituto National de Pesquisas da AmazBnia, INPA, Manaus, Brazil Keywords:Americantrypanosomiasis, Chagasdisease,

Sarcopenia in chronic kidney disease: what have we learned so far?

Abstract: The term sarcopenia was first introduced in 1988 by Irwin Rosenberg to define a condition of muscle loss that occurs in the elderly. Since then, a broader definition comprising not only loss of muscle mass, but also loss of muscle strength and low physical performance due to ageing or other conditions, was developed and published in consensus papers from geriatric societies. Sarcopenia was proposed to be diagnosed based on operational criteria using two components of muscle abnormalities, low muscle mass and low muscle function. This brought awareness of an important nutritional derangement with adverse outcomes for the overall health. In parallel, many studies in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have shown that sarcopenia is a prevalent condition, mainly among patients with end stage kidney disease (ESKD) on hemodialysis (HD). In CKD, sarcopenia is not necessarily age-related as it occurs as a result of the accelerated protein catabolism from the disease and from the dialysis procedure per se combined with low energy and protein intakes. Observational studies showed that sarcopenia and especially low muscle strength is associated with worse clinical outcomes, including worse quality of life (QoL) and higher hospitalization and mortality rates. This review aims to discuss the differences in conceptual definition of sarcopenia in the elderly and in CKD, as well as to describe etiology of sarcopenia, prevalence, outcome, and interventions that attempted to reverse the loss of muscle mass, strength and mobility in CKD and ESKD patients.