Roma Tre University

About: Roma Tre University is a education organization based out in Rome, Lazio, Italy. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Large Hadron Collider & Galaxy. The organization has 4434 authors who have published 15352 publications receiving 374888 citations. The organization is also known as: Universita degli Studi Roma Tre & RomaTre.

Organocatalytic formation of quaternary stereocenters

Abstract: This work reviews the authors' choice of recently published papers where at least one asymmetric quaternary stereocenter has been formed via organocatalysis. The scope and limitations of the reactions are highlighted.

Research and development, spillovers, innovation systems, and the genesis of regional growth in Europe

Abstract: Research on the impact of innovation on regional economic performance in Europe has fundamentally followed three approaches: (1) the analysis of the link between investment in research and development (RD (2) the study of the existence and efficiency of regional innovation systems; and (3) the examination of the geographical diffusion of regional knowledge spillovers. These complementary approaches have, however, rarely been combined. Important operational and methodological barriers have thwarted any potential cross-fertilization. This paper tries to fill this gap in the literature by combining in one model R&D, spillovers, and innovation systems approaches. A multiple regression analysis is conducted for all regions of the group of 25 European Union countries (EU-25), including measures of R&D investment, proxies for regional innovation systems, and knowledge and socio-economic spillovers. This approach allows the discrimination between the influence of internal factors and external knowledge and institutional flows on regional economic growth. The empirical results highlight how the complex interaction between local and external research, on the one hand, with local and external socio-economic and institutional conditions, on the other, shapes the innovation capacity of every region. They also indicate the importance of proximity for the transmission of economically productive knowledge, as spillovers are affected by strong distance decay effects.

The Emergence of Life: From Chemical Origins to Synthetic Biology

Abstract: Preface 1. The conceptual framework of the research on the origin of life on Earth 2. Approaches to the definitions of life 3. Selection in prebiotic chemistry - why this ... and not that? 4. The bottle neck - macromolecular sequences 5. Self-organization 6. Emergence and emergent properties 7. Self-replication and self-reproduction 8. Autopoiesis - the logic of cellular life 9. Compartments 10. Reactivity and transformation of vesicles 11. Approaches to the minimal cell Outlook Bibliography.

Modelling interdependent infrastructures using interacting dynamical models

Abstract: We investigate the consequence of failures, occurring on the electrical grid, on a telecommunication network We have focused on the Italian electrical transmission network and the backbone of the internet network for research (GARR) Electrical network has been simulated using the DC power flow method; data traffic on GARR by a model of the TCP/IP basic features The status of GARR nodes has been related to the power level of the (geographically) neighbouring electrical nodes (if the power level of a node is lower than a threshold, all communication nodes depending on it are switched off) The electrical network has been perturbed by lines removal: the consequent re-dispatching reduces the power level in all nodes This reduces the number of active GARR nodes and, thus, its Quality of Service (QoS) Averaging over many configurations of perturbed electrical network, we have correlated the degradation of the electrical network with that of the communication network Results point to a sizeable amplification of the effects of faults on the electrical network on the communication network, also in the case of a moderate coupling between the two networks

Twenty-three unsolved problems in hydrology (UPH)–a community perspective

Abstract: This paper is the outcome of a community initiative to identify major unsolved scientific problems in hydrology motivated by a need for stronger harmonisation of research efforts. The procedure involved a public consultation through online media, followed by two workshops through which a large number of potential science questions were collated, prioritised, and synthesised. In spite of the diversity of the participants (230 scientists in total), the process revealed much about community priorities and the state of our science: a preference for continuity in research questions rather than radical departures or redirections from past and current work. Questions remain focused on the process-based understanding of hydrological variability and causality at all space and time scales. Increased attention to environmental change drives a new emphasis on understanding how change propagates across interfaces within the hydrological system and across disciplinary boundaries. In particular, the expansion of the human footprint raises a new set of questions related to human interactions with nature and water cycle feedbacks in the context of complex water management problems. We hope that this reflection and synthesis of the 23 unsolved problems in hydrology will help guide research efforts for some years to come.