Rush University Medical Center

About: Rush University Medical Center is a healthcare organization based out in Chicago, Illinois, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Medicine. The organization has 13915 authors who have published 29027 publications receiving 1379216 citations. The organization is also known as: Rush Presbyterian St. Luke's Medical Center.

Combined modality treatment of resectable and borderline resectable pancreas cancer: expert consensus statement.

Abstract: Department of Radiation Oncology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Division of Surgical Oncology, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, CA; Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York; Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Pancreaticobiliary Cancer, Digestive Diseases Institute, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, WA; Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX

Rosiglitazone reduces urinary albumin excretion in type II diabetes.

Abstract: This study examines the effect of rosiglitazone on urinary albumin excretion (UAE) in patients with type II diabetes. Urinary albumin: creatinine ratio (ACR) was measured in a 52-week, open-label, cardiac safety study comparing rosiglitazone and glyburide. Patients were randomised to treatment with rosiglitazone 4 mg b.i.d. or glyburide. ACR was measured at baseline and after 28 and 52 weeks of treatment. Statistically significant reductions from baseline in ACR were observed in both treatment groups at week 28. By week 52, only the rosiglitazone group showed a significant reduction from baseline. Similar results were observed for the overall study population and for the subset of patients with baseline microalbuminuria. For patients with microalbuminuria at baseline, reductions in ACR did not correlate strongly with reductions in glycosylated haemoglobin, or fasting plasma glucose, but showed strong correlation with changes in mean 24-h systolic and diastolic blood pressure for rosiglitazone-treated patients (ΔACR vs Δmean 24-h systolic blood pressure, r=0.875; ΔACR vs Δmean 24-h diastolic blood pressure, r=0.755; P<0.05 for both). No such correlation was observed for glyburide-treated patients. In conclusion, rosiglitazone treatment was associated with a decrease in urinary albumin excretion. These findings suggest a potential beneficial effect of rosiglitazone in the treatment or prevention of renal and vascular complications of type II diabetes.

Motor dysfunction in mild cognitive impairment and the risk of incident Alzheimer disease.

Abstract: Background Little is known about motor function in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and its relation to the risk of Alzheimer disease (AD). Objective To examine motor function in persons with MCI and its relation to risk of AD. Design Longitudinal cohort study. Setting More than 40 Catholic religious orders across the United States. Participants We studied 816 older Catholic clergy members from the Religious Orders Study. At the baseline evaluation, they were classified as having no cognitive impairment (n = 558), MCI (n = 198), or dementia (n = 60). Main Outcome Measures Motor function was assessed at baseline using performance-based measures of upper and lower extremity function and a modified version of the motor section of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale, from which previously established measures of parkinsonian signs were derived. Clinical evaluations for dementia and AD were repeated annually for up to 10 years. All analyses controlled for age, sex, educational level, and possession of at least 1 apolipoprotein E e4 allele. Results At baseline, individuals with MCI had impaired motor function relative to those without cognitive impairment and superior motor function vs those with dementia. Among those with MCI, baseline levels of lower extremity motor performance, parkinsonian gait, and bradykinesia were inversely related to risk of AD, even after controlling for clinical stroke. Thus, a person with impaired lower limb performance or parkinsonian gait (10th percentile) was 2 to 3 times more likely to develop AD than a person with good lower limb function (90th percentile). Conclusions Persons with MCI also have impaired motor function, and the degree of impairment in lower extremity function is related to the risk of AD.

A randomized controlled trial of mindfulness meditation for chronic insomnia.

Abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVES To evaluate the efficacy of mindfulness meditation for the treatment of chronic insomnia. DESIGN Three-arm, single-site, randomized controlled trial. SETTING Academic medical center. PARTICIPANTS Fifty-four adults with chronic insomnia. INTERVENTIONS Participants were randomized to either mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR), mindfulness-based therapy for insomnia (MBTI), or an eight-week self-monitoring (SM) condition. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS Patient-reported outcome measures were total wake time (TWT) from sleep diaries, the pre-sleep arousal scale (PSAS), measuring a prominent waking correlate of insomnia, and the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) to determine remission and response as clinical endpoints. Objective sleep measures were derived from laboratory polysomnography and wrist actigraphy. Linear mixed models showed that those receiving a meditation-based intervention (MBSR or MBTI) had significantly greater reductions on TWT minutes (43.75 vs 1.09), PSAS (7.13 vs 0.16), and ISI (4.56 vs 0.06) from baseline-to-post compared to SM. Post hoc analyses revealed that each intervention was superior to SM on each of the patient-reported measures, but no significant differences were found when comparing MBSR to MBTI from baseline-to-post. From baseline to 6-month follow-up, MBTI had greater reductions in ISI scores than MBSR (P < 0.05), with the largest difference occurring at the 3-month follow-up. Remission and response rates in MBTI and MBSR were sustained from post-treatment through follow-up, with MBTI showing the highest rates of treatment remission (50%) and response (78.6%) at the 6-month follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Mindfulness meditation appears to be a viable treatment option for adults with chronic insomnia and could provide an alternative to traditional treatments for insomnia. TRIAL REGISTRATION Mindfulness-Based Approaches to Insomnia: clinicaltrials.gov, identifier: NCT00768781.

Prevalence and knowledge of transient ischemic attack among US adults

Abstract: Background: Little information is available about public knowledge of TIA and prevalence of a TIA diagnosis. Methods: The National Stroke Association sponsored a telephone survey by single-stage random-digit dialing of noninstitutionalized US residents ≥18 years old, which was conducted in 1999. Demographic characteristics of participants were compared to the US population to produce weights for projections. Independent predictors of knowledge and diagnosis of TIA were determined by including all demographic characteristics in logistic regression models. Results: Among 10,112 participants, 2.3% reported having been told by a physician that they had a TIA. Older age, lower income, and fewer years of education were independently associated with a diagnosis of TIA. Of those with TIA, only 64% saw a physician within 24 hours of the event. A physician diagnosis of stroke was reported by 2.3% of participants, of whom 19% recalled having had a TIA before the stroke. An additional 3.2% of participants recalled symptoms consistent with TIA but did not seek medical attention. Only 8.2% correctly related the definition of TIA and 8.6% could identify a typical symptom. Men, nonwhites, and those with lower income and fewer years of education were less likely to be knowledgeable about TIA. Conclusions: An estimated 4.9 million people in the US report a diagnosis of TIA, and many more recall symptoms consistent with TIA but do not seek medical attention. Reducing stroke risk after TIA could have substantial impact on public health but will require public education about the importance of having stroke symptoms evaluated, even if they resolve.