Rush University Medical Center

About: Rush University Medical Center is a healthcare organization based out in Chicago, Illinois, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Medicine. The organization has 13915 authors who have published 29027 publications receiving 1379216 citations. The organization is also known as: Rush Presbyterian St. Luke's Medical Center.

Prevention of a first stroke: a review of guidelines and a multidisciplinary consensus statement from the National Stroke Association.

Abstract: ObjectiveTo establish, in a single resource, up-to-date recommendations for primary care physicians regarding prevention strategies for a first strokeParticipantsMembers of the National Stroke Association's (NSA's) Stroke Prevention Advisory Board and Cedars-Sinai Health System Department of Health Services Research convened on April 9, 1998, in an open meeting The conference attendees, selected to participate by the NSA, were recognized experts in neurology (9), cardiology (2), family practice (1), nursing (1), physician assistant practices (1), and health services research (2)EvidenceA literature review was carried out by the Department of Health Services Research, Cedars-Sinai Health System, Los Angeles, Calif, using the MEDLINE database search for 1990 through April 1998 and updated in November 1998 English-language guidelines, statements, meta-analyses, and overviews on prevention of a first stroke were reviewedConsensus ProcessAt the meeting, members of the advisory board identified 6 important stroke risk factors (hypertension, myocardial infarction [MI], atrial fibrillation, diabetes mellitus, blood lipids, asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis), and 4 lifestyle factors (cigarette smoking, alcohol use, physical activity, diet)ConclusionsSeveral interventions that modify well-documented and treatable cardiovascular and cerebrovascular risk factors can reduce the risk of a first stroke Good evidence for direct stroke reduction exists for hypertension treatment; using warfarin for patients after MI who have atrial fibrillation, decreased left ventricular ejection fraction, or left ventricular thrombus; using 3-hydroxy-3 methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors for patients after MI; using warfarin for patients with atrial fibrillation and specific risk factors; and performing carotid endarterectomy for patients with stenosis of at least 60% Observational studies support the role of modifying lifestyle-related risk factors (eg, smoking, alcohol use, physical activity, diet) in stroke prevention Measures to help patients improve adherence are an important component of a stroke prevention plan

Common variants at 7p21 are associated with frontotemporal lobar degeneration with TDP-43 inclusions

Abstract: Frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) is the second most common cause of presenile dementia. The predominant neuropathology is FTLD with TAR DNA-binding protein (TDP-43) inclusions (FTLD-TDP). FTLD-TDP is frequently familial, resulting from mutations in GRN (which encodes progranulin). We assembled an international collaboration to identify susceptibility loci for FTLD-TDP through a genome-wide association study of 515 individuals with FTLD-TDP. We found that FTLD-TDP associates with multiple SNPs mapping to a single linkage disequilibrium block on 7p21 that contains TMEM106B. Three SNPs retained genome-wide significance following Bonferroni correction (top SNP rs1990622, P = 1.08 x 10(-11); odds ratio, minor allele (C) 0.61, 95% CI 0.53-0.71). The association replicated in 89 FTLD-TDP cases (rs1990622; P = 2 x 10(-4)). TMEM106B variants may confer risk of FTLD-TDP by increasing TMEM106B expression. TMEM106B variants also contribute to genetic risk for FTLD-TDP in individuals with mutations in GRN. Our data implicate variants in TMEM106B as a strong risk factor for FTLD-TDP, suggesting an underlying pathogenic mechanism.

CD33 Alzheimer’s disease locus: Altered monocyte function and amyloid biology

Abstract: In our functional dissection of the CD33 Alzheimer's disease susceptibility locus, we found that the rs3865444(C) risk allele was associated with greater cell surface expression of CD33 in the monocytes (t50 = 10.06, P(joint) = 1.3 × 10(-13)) of young and older individuals. It was also associated with diminished internalization of amyloid-β 42 peptide, accumulation of neuritic amyloid pathology and fibrillar amyloid on in vivo imaging, and increased numbers of activated human microglia.

Heart transplant coronary artery disease detected by coronary angiography: A multiinstitutional study of preoperative donor and recipient risk factors

Abstract: Background: Controversy exists regarding donor and recipient factors that promote the development and progression of coronary artery disease after heart transplantation and the likelihood of coronary artery disease causing death or retransplantation Methods: To investigate this issue in a large cohort of patients, we analyzed 5963 postoperative angiograms performed in 2609 of the 3837 patients undergoing heart transplantation at 39 institutions between January 1990 and December 1994 Coronary artery disease was classified as mild, moderate, or severe on the basis of left main involvement, primary vessel stenoses, and branch stenoses Coronary artery disease was considered severe if left main stenosis was > 70% or 2 or more primary vessels stenoses were > 70% or branch stenoses were > 70% in all 3 systems Results: By the end of 5 years after heart transplantation, coronary artery disease was present in 42% of the patients, mild in 27%, moderate in 8%, and severe in 7% Coronary artery disease-related events (death or retransplantation) had an actuarial incidence of 7% at 5 years and occurred in 2 of 3 of the patients with development of angiographically severe coronary artery disease By multivariable logistic analysis, risk factors for donor coronary artery disease included older donor age (P <0001) and donor hypertension (P =0002) By multivariable analysis in the hazard function domain, risk factors identified for the earlier onset of allograft coronary artery disease included older donor age (P <0001), donor male sex (P =0006), donor hypertension (P =07), recipient male sex (P =02), and recipient black race (P =01 ) The actuarial incidence of severe coronary artery disease was 9% at 5 years Conclusions: Angiographic coronary artery disease is very common after heart transplantation, occurring in approximately 42% of the patients by 5 years Older donor age, donor hypertension, and male donor or recipient predict earlier onset of angiographic allograft coronary artery disease Although severe angiographic allograft coronary artery disease occurs in only 7% of the patients at 5 years, its presence is highly predictive of subsequent coronary artery disease-related events or retransplantation J Heart Lung Transplant 1998;17:744-53