Showing papers by "Russian Ministry of the Emergency Situations published in 2014"

The ground-state magnetic moments of odd-mass Hf isotopes

Abstract: In this paper the Quasiparticle-Phonon Nuclear Model (QPNM), based on QRPA (Quasiparticle Random Phase Approximation) phonons, has been utilized to investigate spin polarization effects on the groundstate magnetic properties such as intrinsic magnetic moment (g K ) and effective spin gyromagnetic factor (g . ) of odd-mass deformed 165–179Hf isotopes with K > 1/2. Investigations of the spin polarization effects of the even core on the magnetic moments show that the spin gyromagnetic factors (g s ) of the nucleons in the nucleus differ noticeably from the corresponding values for free nucleons and that the spin-spin interactions play an important role in the re-normalization of g s factors of the odd-mass 165–179Hf isotopes. In addition, some theoretical predictions are presented for the magnetic moments of 165Hf, 167Hf, and 169Hf, whose ground state magnetic moments haven’t been experimentally determined yet.

Influence on fluorocarbons flammability limits in the mixtures of H2-N2O and CH4-N2O

Abstract: The flammability limits for combustible gas (methane, hydrogen)-nitrous oxide-fluorinated hydrocarbon (trifluoromethane CHF3, pentafluoroethane C2HF5, perfluorobutane C4F10) mixtures are experimentally determined The upper and lower flammability limits turned out to be, respectively, significantly higher and lower as compared to those characteristic of the combustion in air The compositions of the mixtures at the peaks of the flammability curves are characterized by lower values of the fuel equivalence ratio φ (in most cases, φ 05) It was established that the inhibiting concentrations of fluorinated hydrocarbons for the combustion of methane and hydrogen in nitrous oxide are similar, in contrast to the combustion in oxygen- nitrogen oxidative media A qualitative interpretation of the results is given

Explosive characteristics of tetrafluoroethylene

Abstract: The minimum energies required to initiate the combustion of gaseous tetrafluoroerthy1ene (TFE) and mixtures thereof with nitrogen, argon, and helium at various initial pressures and temperatures are determined. Flame transition from the gas to the liquid phase of TFE is investigated. Liquid TFE is demonstrated to be virtually nondetonable. The fuel-lean flammability and detonability limits of TFE-air mixtures under normal conditions are demonstrated to be identical, 12.2 vol %.

Synthesis and structure of copper nanoparticles and their antiinfection properties

Abstract: Copper nanoparticles localized on the surface of cotton fabric are synthesized. The structure and composition of the particles are determined by EXAFS, TEM, EPR, and XRF. The nanoparticles obtained are suggested to have a core shell structure. The study shows that copper is distributed in the fabric in the form of nanoparticles associated with fragments of macromolecules, on one hand, and in the form of nanoparticle conglomerates on the surfaces of the filaments of fibers, on the other hand. Modification of natural fabrics by copper nanoparticles results in complete destruction of Epidermophyton colonies and suppresses growth of Candida colonies, which makes it possible to apply such fabric in treatment of fungal diseases and in antiseptic treatment and healing of septic wounds.

[Analysis of publication activity in the field of biomedical engineering in 2003-2012].

Abstract: Publication activity in the field of Biomedical Engineering in 2003-2012 (citation index, impact factor, SCImago Journal Ranking (SJR), Source-Normalized Impact per Paper (SNIP), Hirsch index) is reviewed. The algorithm of the search for information in the Scopus database (DB) is explained. Within the last decade (2003-2012) a total of 76,851 works devoted to biomedical engineering were issued worldwide (16% of publications in the field of medicine). The annual increment of the Scopus DB is 7,700 ± 300 works in biomedical engineering. The integration of Russian researchers in the international community is still insufficient (only 546 papers of Russian authors were included in the Scopus DB). Ways to improve the publication activity of domestic scientists are discussed.

Effect of Oxygen Content in a Tank Gas Space with Sulfurous Oil on the Rate of Pyrophoric Deposit Formation and Chemical Composition

Abstract: Creation of a nitrogen atmosphere within a tank gas space with sulfurous oil leads to a reduction in steel corrosion rate and pyrophoric deposit formation rate. A reduction in oxygen content in the gas phase to a level of 3 vol.% or less makes it possible to avoid pyrophoric iron sulfide formation.

Passivation of the GaP(111) surface by treatment in selenium vapors

Abstract: Results of examination of structural phase transitions on the GaP(111) surface after heat treatment in selenium vapors in a vacuum chamber with a quasi-closed volume are described. The electrophysical characteristics of Schottky-barrier diodes on GaP(111) are studied before and after treatment in selenium vapors by measuring the current-voltage characteristics and by deep-level transient spectroscopy. It is found that, after treatment in selenium vapors, the Schottky-barrier height becomes dependent on the work function of the metal in accordance with the Schottky-Mott rule for an ideal diode. It is shown that a decrease in the density of surface electronic states in GaP(111) results from the formation of a Ga2Se3(111)(√3 × √3)-R30° surface phase with ordered stoichiometric gallium vacancies.

Dynamics of biomacromolecules in coherent electromagnetic radiation field

Abstract: Induced oscillations and periodic displacements of equilibrium positions were shown to occur in biomacromolecules in the absence of electromagnetic radiation absorption because the external electromagnetic field modulates the interaction potential between atoms and groups of atoms forming nonvalence bonds in macromolecules. This “hyperoscillation” state inevitably changes the biochemical properties and conformational transformation times of macromolecules.