Russian Ministry of the Emergency Situations

About: Russian Ministry of the Emergency Situations is a government organization based out in Moscow, Russia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Combustion & Liquid crystal. The organization has 218 authors who have published 172 publications receiving 453 citations. The organization is also known as: Ministry of the Russian Federation for Civil Defence, Emergencies and Elimination of Consequences of Natural Disasters.

Government and Industry Cooperation in Practice: Azerbaijan's Experience

Abstract: In recent times, Azerbaijan has seen the development of a significant modern offshore industry. The oil and shipping industries in Azerbaijan bring economic benefits but also give rise to the need for robust oil spill prevention and preparedness measures. Azerbaijan signed the International Convention on Oil Pollution Preparedness, Response and Cooperation (OPRC) in 2004 and continues to develop and refine its national system of oil spill response. This paper discusses how the Azerbaijan government and key players in the oil industry have successfully worked together to achieve alignment in prevention, protection and response to major incidents. The implementation of the OPRC Convention is the responsibility of the Ministry of Emergency Situations (MES) of the Republic of Azerbaijan. Within the national response system a national oil spill contingency plan has been developed. The main offshore developments in the Caspian since the 1990s have been led by BP, as operator of a number of Production S...

Effect of Process Parameters on Wear of Surface Layer of Machine Parts Used under Extreme Conditions

Abstract: The effect of various process parameters on the wear of surface layer of machine parts is studied using second-order orthogonal planning. Models characterizing the effect of process parameters on the wear of parts were obtained by calculation. The mechanisms of surface layer formation as a function of process factors are discussed.

Modeling of the Wear Resistance of Epoxy Composites According to Changes in Their Mechanical Characteristics

Abstract: Due to the complex of their physicomechanical and operating characteristics, the composite materials based on thermosetting polymers are extensively used in all branches of Ukrainian industry for the corrosion and wear protection of the equipment and, in particular, as antifriction materials. We propose a model of these composites based on epoxy oligomers and aluminum oxides capable of the evaluation the wear rate of the material without using a friction machine. For this purpose, we apply the similarity theory. According to this theory, in the case where all corresponding dimensionless characteristics of two different processes are identical, these processes are similar. On the basis of the experimental data obtained in analyzing the friction coefficient, the elasticity modulus, and the hardness of epoxy composites, we propose a model for the prediction of the wear characteristics of materials depending on the content of aluminum oxide. The application of this model guarantees the agreement between the results of modeling and the experimental data.

Decision Making, Policy And Financing

Abstract: The most critical situation facing the health of water resources and aquatic ecosystems is not the result of a single activity on or near a lake, river, or stream. Instead, it is the combined and cumulative result of many individual activities throughout a waterbody?s entire natural drainage area, catchment area or watershed. A watershed is the area of land where all of the water that is under it or drains off of it goes into the same place. John Wesley Powell, U.S. scientist and geographer, put it best when he said that a watershed is: ?that area of land, a bounded hydrologic system, within which all living things are inextricably linked by their common water course and where, as humans settled, simple logic demanded that they become part of a community. World-wide watersheds supply drinking water, provide recreation and respite, and sustain life. Throughout the world, countries depend on clean water and healthy watersheds for food, fiber, manufactured goods, and tourism. This natural capital is the basis for social economic systems in developed and developing countries and the building block for the future in undeveloped countries. In the United States more than $450 billion in food and fiber, manufactured goods, and tourism depends on clean water and healthy watersheds. Watersheds come in all shapes and sizes. They cross county, state, and national boundaries. No matter where you are, you are in a watershed! As we all live in a watershed, our individual actions can directly affect it. The cumulative effects of all the individual actions of everyone within a watershed may be, and often are devastating to the quality of water resources and affect the health of living things including humans. Management for sustained use of water and other ecosystem resources requires a watershed based approach.

Experimental research of burn rate and terms of extinguishing of standardized fire source of class b by consistent application of granular foam glass and gel-forming extinguishant

Abstract: The disadvantages of extinguishing agents of combustible liquids are analyzed. It is shown that the low efficiency of application of standard foams for extinguishing has necessitated the development of effective fluorine synthetic foam agents forming an insulating film of aqueous solution. The attention is on the fact that the toxicity of these foaming agents is a necessity to search for fundamentally new agents for extinguishing fires of class B. The perspective of search for floating non-combustible systems as a carrier for surface fire-extinguishing agents or directly for extinguishing is shown. It is proposed to use hard-granular materials of low density to extinguish fires of flammable and combustible liquids. The results of the experiment on extinguishing the standardized fire source of class B with the extinguishing system based on granular foam glass with additional influence of components of gel forming systems are presented. It is established that the application of a layer of foam glass to the surface of burning gasoline reduces its combustion rate. It is shown that there is a significant difference in the mass burn rate between the laboratory and the model experiment, which may be explained by the different height of the freeboard. In the range of thickness of the layer of foam glass 0 - 6 cm this decrease is small. During the subsequent growth of the thickness of the layer over 6 cm there is a rapid decrease in the mass burn rate of gasoline. Foam glass with a granule size of 1–1.5 cm. slows down the burn rate of gasoline to the greatest extent. To ensure the combustion termination with a slight supply of components of the gel forming systems is possible with a thickness of a layer of foam glass of 10 cm for a fraction of 1–1.5 cm and a thickness of 12 cm for fractions 1.5–2.5 cm and 2.5–4 cm. To achieve absence of re-ignition when burning flame of a torch above a surface of a foam glass is possible at application of a layer of a gel at a superficial consumption 0,5–0,8 g / sm2 for a fraction of 1–1,5 cm and 1–1,2 g/sm2 for fractions of 1.5–2.5 cm. For a fraction of 2.5–4 cm behind the studied thicknesses of the foam glass layer, the effect of the absence of re-ignition cannot be achieved