Showing papers by "Russian State Agricultural University published in 2021"
TL;DR: It was revealed that most study participants have difficulties with self-learning and perceiving educational material through audio records, which is necessary for the successful implementation of online training in today’s educa-tion system.
Abstract: This study was aimed at investigating ways to ensure the adaptivity of Moodle courses to improve the efficiency of the educational process. As the main re-search method, the survey was used to study the issues of ensuring the adaptivity of eLearning in Moodle. Besides, within the current work, the method of achiev-ing the course adaptivity was combined with a personalized approach proposed by Limongelli et al. It was revealed that most study participants have difficulties with self-learning and perceiving educational material through audio records (36.4% and 36.4%, respectively). The development of the model for adaptive eLearning in Moodle was based on the use of the personalization approach, which provides an automatic adjustment of educational content according to stu-dents’ knowledge and way of learning. The adaptivity of eLearning courses is necessary for the successful implementation of online training in today’s educa-tion system. Prospects for the practical use of the research results lie in the possi-bility of an international exchange of experience concerning Moodle courses’ adaptivity.
9 citations
TL;DR: In this article, surveys were carried out to find out the additional reserves for increasing lamb meat production in Tuva Republic of Tuva, and the results supported by scientific knowledge can contribute to improving the indigenous short fat-tailed sheep of the Tuva breed and to developing recommendations based on the feeding-behavioral type information.
Abstract: Sheep breeding is of great importance for the Tuva Republic. The sheep population exceeds 1.2 million heads. Surveys were carried out to find out the additional reserves for increasing lamb meat production. The typological structure was defined with the method based on the motor response to feeding, which was developed by D.K. Belyaev and V.N. Martynova (1973) and improved by V.S. Zarytovsky and M.I. Liev (1990). It provides the allocation of three behavioral types described as strong early maturing even-tempered, strong early maturing short-tempered, and weak late-maturing for the first, second, and third behavioral types, respectively. The ram lambs of group one were at definite advantages over the animals of groups two and three. Thus, increases in the carcass fresh weight, the slaughter weight, and the carcass yield comprised 0.92 and 1.85 kg (3.32 and 6.82%), 0.97 and 1.90 kg (3.58 and 7.00%), and 1.80 and 2.06%, respectively. The percentages of carcass meat and bone tissues varied within 69.61–69.96 and 16.46–17.36%, respectively. The rise in lamb population and the use of ram lambs of the first feeding behavioral type (strong early maturing even-tempered) contributed to increasing the potential of lamb meat production. The findings based on the complex survey results prove the dependency of traits of economic importance on the type of animal feeding behavior. Therefore, the survey findings supported by scientific knowledge can contribute to improving the indigenous short fat-tailed sheep of Tuva breed and to developing recommendations based on the feeding-behavioral type information.
01 Jan 2021
TL;DR: In this article, an adaptable technology has been developed for growing the new safflower cultures and, for the first time, relationships are established between temperature and water availability during the growing season, yield of edible oil and its fatty acid composition.
Abstract: Long-term studies of the biology, morphology, and phenology of safflower cultures introduced to the Central, Volga, and North Caucasus regions have proven the new varieties Krasa Stupinskaya and Pamyati Kapitona Novozhilova as cover crops for fodder, oilseed and green manure. They do well on sod-podzolic soils. An adaptable technology has been developed for growing the new cultures and, for the first time, relationships are established between temperature and water availability during the growing season, yield of edible oil and its fatty-acid composition—characterized by a high content of oleic and linoleic acids. These varieties are recommended for further breeding programs to improve productivity and oil yield.
01 Mar 2021
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined statistical data on the amount of precipitation in the spring - summer period and substantiated the need for irrigation measures when growing potatoes in the Moscow region.
Abstract: The article examines statistical data on the amount of precipitation in the spring - summer period and substantiates the need for irrigation measures when growing potatoes in the Moscow region. The rationality of the use of drip irrigation as the most economical and effective method of watering has been proved. With drip irrigation, there is practically no danger of excessive watering, causing the leaching of nutrients from the root layer, an increase in the level of groundwater, and an additional load on the drainage network. The use of drip irrigation will make it possible to maintain an optimal water and air balance during the growing season. The possibility of combining technological operations for laying a drip tape and forming potato ridges is considered. It is found that the resistance of the drip tape laying will not create significant traction resistance, so the working equipment can be mounted on the ridge former. The design of a drip tape stacker based on the Grimme GF-75/4 ridge former was developed and a mechanized drip tape was laid in a potato ridge. It has been proven that the implementation of the drip tape laying and the formation of ridges with one machine will increase the productivity of the work and reduce the energy consumption.
01 Jan 2021
TL;DR: The main features of poverty in Russia: poverty of the working population, its dependence on household size, place of residence, and the presence of children are discussed in this paper, where the consequences of the managerial influence of regional authorities on the socioeconomic situation of the region are also indicated.
Abstract: The purpose of the study is to describe poverty and show the depth of this problem using statistical indicators, which is especially pronounced in rural areas. The paper presents the main features of poverty in Russia: poverty of the working population, its dependence on household size, place of residence, and the presence of children. The consequences of the managerial influence of regional authorities on the socio-economic situation of the region are also indicated. The ways of solving the problem of poverty are proposed.
01 Jan 2021
TL;DR: In this paper, an assessment of the potential for the development of the small cattle in the conditions of a mountainous landscape and the reduction of pastures suitable for sheep breeding is presented.
Abstract: Purpose/objectives: The article is devoted to the assessment of the potential for the development of the small cattle in the conditions of a mountainous landscape and the reduction of pastures suitable for sheep breeding. The emerging downward trend in the productivity of mountainous areas, an increase in the population, and the need for livestock raw materials require a revision of the livestock management policy in the Republic of Dagestan. Strategic planning in the livestock industries makes it possible to conduct a comprehensive approach to the solution of an important socio-economic problem—ensuring the food security of the country. Natural degradation of many agricultural areas, deterioration of climatic conditions, frequent natural disasters do not allow using the traditional approach to planning operations in the livestock industry. In this case, a new system of planning and strategic forecasting of future development is required. Methodology: In this research authors used the methods of program-targeted planning of the industries development, methods of systemic and statistical analysis of empirical data, methods of content analysis, the method of formalization and analogy and the Date set of the Institute of Scientific Communications. Results: Sheep and goat breeding is one of the most important branches of animal husbandry in the Republic of Dagestan and the assessment of this branch carried out in this work, makes it possible to substantiate the need to develop a strategy for withdrawing the industry from the crisis and entering international food markets, ready to supplies of Russian mutton. The growing ecological threats to this region do not allow farms to use traditional methods of pasturing the cattle in mountain areas. Conclusions/relevance: Escalating environmental threats form a general strategy for the development of the main branches of animal husbandry in the context of the growing demand of the population for high-quality meat products and the formation of a solid production base in remote rural areas in the mountainous regions of Dagestan. All of the above will contribute to the improvement of the employment situation and to the increase in the percentage of self-employment of the local population in rural areas.
TL;DR: In this paper, a classification of wastes according to the possibility of their application in the same production, time of their formation, and chemical composition is proposed, and the main procedures used for the processing of metal wastes are discussed.
Abstract: We present the results of analysis of the procedures of utilization of wastes accumulated in metallurgy, mechanical engineering, and civil engineering, as well as household wastes. Thus, we describe and analyze the principal directions of waste processing. We propose a classification of wastes according to the possibility of their application in the same production, time of their formation, and chemical composition. We discuss the main procedures used for the processing of metal wastes. The classical and promising technologies of utilization of wastes are analyzed. We also indicate that it is reasonable to use wastes that do not require metallurgical remelting and emphasize the necessity of development of the alternative methods of their utilization characterized by relatively low energy consumption, ecological safety, and the possibility of application in the technologies of manufacturing, hardening, and renovation of machine parts.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the profitability of beef production through intensive rearing and fattening of Simmental and crossbred bull calves and found that up to the age of 18 months, Simmental bull calves of group one gained the target beef quality up to 15 months.
Abstract: The objective of the work was to study the beef production efficiency through intensive rearing and fattening of Simmental and crossbred bull calves. The bull calves were divided into three groups of 15 animals each in order to carry out the survey. The first (control) group involved purebred Simmental bull calves. The second group consisted of young stock produced via crossbreeding Simmental cows with German Simmental beef bulls. The third group was formed from crosses of Simmental cows with Charolais bulls. The animals of the second and third groups were characterized by lower feed costs per 1 kg liveweight gain, comprising 8.5 and 8.1 EFU, respectively, while the feed utilization efficiency for the bull calves of the first group comprised 8.7 EFU. These factors affected the profitability of beef production. Thus, the level of profitability of rearing the Charolais crosses reached 20.7%, which was 6.8 and 3% higher than that in the bull calves of groups one and two, respectively. Fattening to the age of 18 months contributed to a significant increase in the carcass fat mass. Therefore, the protein-to-fat ratio comprised 1 : 084, 1 : 0.75, and 1 : 068 for the groups in ascending order of their numbers. Under intensive rearing and fattening systems, Simmental bull calves of group one gained the target beef quality up to the age of 15 months. The practice of fattening the crossbred bull calves of groups two and three up to the age of 18 months has proved that their meat gains the target protein-to-fat ratio, while the meat of bull calves of the maternal breed should be considered over-fat beef, since the fat content exceeds the standard recommendations. The intensive system of rearing and fattening the Simmental bull calves up to the age of 15 months and the Simmental crosses with the German Simmental beef breed and the Charolais breed up to the age of 18 months can ensure the production of heavy carcasses with the target quality beef.
TL;DR: The most promising directions of utilization of wastes are connected with the development of technologies combining the procedures of recycling with the processes of formation of the functional coatings intended for the restoration and hardening of machine parts.
Abstract: We analyze the accumulated experience of application of the technologies of utilization of the wastes of machine-building and metallurgy. It is shown that the most promising directions of utilization of wastes are connected with the development of technologies combining the procedures of recycling with the processes of formation of the functional coatings intended for the restoration and hardening of machine parts. We also indicate the efficiency of the procedure of electroerosion dispersion of the wastes of conducting materials used to obtain nano- and micro-sized powders suitable for the deposition of functional coatings. It is shown that the electric-contact welding of the wastes of tool-making industry enables us to obtain functional coatings as a result of combination of the processes of recycling, hardening, and restoration of machine parts without their melting. We also propose the technology of hardening of the plane surfaces of working elements of the agricultural equipment by electric-contact welding of the wastes of tool steel, which makes it possible to make their service life 1.8–2.0 times longer as compared with the service life of new commercially produced working tools.