Russian State Agricultural University

About: Russian State Agricultural University is a education organization based out in Moscow, Russia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Materials science. The organization has 80 authors who have published 61 publications receiving 446 citations.

Application of GISH to characterize woody ornamental hybrids with small genomes and chromosomes

Abstract: With 2 figures and 1 table Abstract Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) is a powerful tool in distinguishing parental genomes in plant hybrids. However, in plants with small genome GISH often failed to decorate entire chromosomes. In this study, the GISH technology was adapted for woody ornamentals, commonly characterized by small genomes (between 842.8 and 2430.4 Mbp/1C or 0.86 and 2.48 pg/1C) and/or high amounts of small chromosomes (up to 82 chromosomes with size 1.4–4.8 μm). The used GISH method was successful to label entire chromosomes by using an optimal probe/block ratio (>1/80) and the best probe labelling and detection system (biotin vs. digoxigenin). GISH was performed on Buddleja and Hibiscus hybrids resulting from an interspecific breeding programme. For the first time, GISH on Buddleja × weyeriana‘Sungold’ (F2 of B. globosa × B. davidii) showed a chromosomal origin of the hybrid: 36 chromosomes inherited from B. davidii (2n = 2x = 76), 28 chromosomes from B. globosa (2n = 2x = 38) and 12 chromosomes were recombinant chromosomes between B. globosa and B. davidii. The detected chromosome constitution in B. x weyeriana points on 2n-gametes formation during meiosis of B. globosa. GISH analysis of F1 and F2 hybrids of B. davidii×B. × weyeriana crosses revealed that 16 (F1) and 10 (F2) chromosomes completely belong to B. davidii and all the other chromosomes were recombinant. This proved that all chromatin material of B. globosa was introgressed into the B. davidii chromosomes. GISH analysis of an F1 hybrid between Hibiscus syriacus × H. paramutabilis revealed 40 chromosomes of H. syriacus (2n = 4x = 80) and 41 chromosomes of H. paramutabilis (2n = 4x = 82). In an F2 hybrid of H. syriacus ×H. paramutabilis 25 recombinant chromosomes were detected, indicating introgression of H. syriacus DNA in H. paramutabilis.

Successful Experience of Formation of Industry 4.0 in Various Countries

Abstract: The purpose of this chapter is to study successful experience of formation of Industry 4.0 in the countries of the world. As developed countries proclaimed the strategic course at practical implementation of the concept of Industry 4.0 and achieved the highest progress in its formation, they were selected as the objects for this research. According to the criterion of data accessibility and in the interests of coverage of various geographical regions of the world, we selected the USA, the UK, Germany, and Japan. Due to novelty of the concept of Industry 4.0, timeframe of the research covers 2016–2017, which does not allow evaluating the dynamics of progress in formation of Industry 4.0 in detail, but provides sufficient initial statistical and analytical data for studying this process. For that, the methodological recommendations in the sphere of monitoring of the process of Industry 4.0 formation and evaluation of effectiveness of Industry 4.0 from the point of view of stimulation of knowledge economy’s formation are used. The methodological basis of the research includes the systemic approach and structural and functional and problem analysis. As a result of the research, the scientific proofs are given for the fact that despite the recent emergence of the concept of Industry 4.0, successful experience of its practical implementation in the countries of the world is already accumulated. Developed countries have already started formation of Industry 4.0, as they possess necessary resources and social platforms. Complex analysis of forecasting data by the example of the USA, the UK, Germany, and Japan shows its high effectiveness from the point of view of stimulating the development of knowledge economy.

Interference immunity of hydroacoustic power flux receive systems

Abstract: Based on an analysis of experimental data and model simulations, the potential of small-size vector hydroacoustic receive systems measuring acoustic power flux (APF) are discussed in application to the detection of weak signals in the presence of ambient sea noise. It is shown that APF receivers are capable of measuring signal levels no less than 10–20 dB lower (depending on the signal-interference situation in the water area) than those measured by PRs. In order to extend the class of hydroacoustic systems whose potential can be correctly compared, it is proposed to modify the definition of interference immunity by introducing two separate qualifying notions: noise and interference.

Providing Adaptivity in Moodle LMS Courses

Abstract: This study was aimed at investigating ways to ensure the adaptivity of Moodle courses to improve the efficiency of the educational process. As the main re-search method, the survey was used to study the issues of ensuring the adaptivity of eLearning in Moodle. Besides, within the current work, the method of achiev-ing the course adaptivity was combined with a personalized approach proposed by Limongelli et al. It was revealed that most study participants have difficulties with self-learning and perceiving educational material through audio records (36.4% and 36.4%, respectively). The development of the model for adaptive eLearning in Moodle was based on the use of the personalization approach, which provides an automatic adjustment of educational content according to stu-dents’ knowledge and way of learning. The adaptivity of eLearning courses is necessary for the successful implementation of online training in today’s educa-tion system. Prospects for the practical use of the research results lie in the possi-bility of an international exchange of experience concerning Moodle courses’ adaptivity.

Assessment of agronomic homogeneity and compatibility of soils in the Vladimir Opolie region

Abstract: Complexes of gray forest soils of different podzolization degrees with the participation of gray forest podzolized soils with the second humus horizon play a noticeable role in the soil cover patterns of Vladimir Opolie The agronomic homogeneity and agronomic compatibility of gray forest soils in automorphic positions (“plakor” sites) were assessed on the test field of the Vladimir Agricultural Research Institute The term “soil homogeneity” implies in our study the closeness of crop yield estimates (scores) for the soil polygons; the term “soil compatibility” implies the possibility to apply the same technologies in the same dates for different soil polygons within a field To assess the agronomic homogeneity and compatibility of soils, the statistical analysis of the yields of test crop (oats) was performed, and the spatial distribution of the particular parameters of soil hydrothermic regime was studied The analysis of crop yields showed their high variability: the gray forest soils on microhighs showed the minimal potential fertility, and the maximal fertility was typical of the soils with the second humus horizon in microlows Soils also differed significantly in their hydrothermic regime, as the gray forest soils with the second humus horizon were heated and cooled slower than the background gray forest soils; their temperature had a stronger lag effect and displayed a narrower amplitude in seasonal fluctuations; and these soils were wetter during the first weeks (40 days) of the growing season Being colder and wetter, the soils with the second humus horizons reached their physical ripeness later than the gray forest soils Thus, the soil cover of the test plot in the automorphic position is heterogeneous; from the agronomic standpoint, its components are incompatible