Showing papers by "Rutgers University published in 1970"
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a set of apps that can be used to find the most relevant information about a person walking in a certain environment, such as a city, a walk, a drive, or a walk.
Abstract: 5. T h e ope ra to r s S a n d s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275 Some app l i c a t i ons of S a n d s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281 R a n d o m walk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281 H a a r a n d W a l s h ser ies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284 Loca l conve rgence of m a r t i n g a l e t r a n s f o r m s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285
364 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a general lattice-statistical model which includes all soluble two-dimensional model of phase transitions is proposed, besides the well-known Ising and "ice" models, other soluble cases are also considered.
Abstract: A general lattice-statistical model which includes all soluble two-dimensional model of phase transitions is proposed. Besides the well-known Ising and "ice" models, other soluble cases are also considered. After discussing some general symmetry properties of this model, we consider in detail a particular class of the soluble cases, the "free-fermion" model. The explicit expressions for all thermodynamic functions with the inclusion of an external electric field are obtained. It is shown that both the specific heat and the polarizability of the free-fermion model exhibit in general a logarithmic singularity. An inverse-square-root singularity results, however, if the free-fermion model also satisfies the ice condition. The results are illustrated with a specific example.
335 citations
260 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that the problem of coupling between the deep hole and plasmons can also be solved exactly for the singular exponents for the more general problem where both effects exist simultaneously, and a perturbation method was developed to treat both effects on an equal footing for real interacting electron gas.
Abstract: Recently, Nozi\`eres et al. have shown that Mahan's model x-ray problem (coupling between the deep hole and electron-hole excitations) could be solved exactly for the singular exponents. Here, it is shown that Lundqvist's model x-ray probelm (coupling between the deep hole and plasmons) may also be solved exactly. Furthermore, an exact solution for the singular exponents may be obtained for the more general problem where both effects exist simultaneously. Finally, a perturbation method is developed to treat both effects on an equal footing for a real interacting electron gas.
252 citations
TL;DR: Galambos as mentioned in this paper presents a survey of the organizational synthesis of modern America and concludes that its chief strength is a mode of analysis blending the traditional tools of historical thought with ideas from the behavioral sciences.
Abstract: Almost unnoticed in the midst of revisionist attacks on progressive history and the rise of the New Left, an organizational synthesis has been emerging which offers much to the student of modern America. Professor Galambos presents a historiographical survey of this synthesis and concludes that its chief strength is a mode of analysis blending the traditional tools of historical thought with ideas from the behavioral sciences.
194 citations
TL;DR: Radioisotope labeling has been used to analyze the replication of SV40 DNA in primary African green monkey kidney cells and shows that viral precursor DNA, unlike mature viral closed circular DNA, is completely denaturable in alkali and bands at a lighter density than closed circular SV40DNA in an ethidium bromide-cesium chloride equilibrium gradient.
177 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an extension of the channeling technique was used to estimate the amount of damage caused by short-range ion bombardment in silicon lattice, and the peak of the damage distribution was 10% to 20% shallower than the expected range of the ion.
Abstract: The depth profile of the lattice disorder resulting from the ion bombardment of single crystals is of interest in many applications. It has been shown that the channeling effect is sensitive to such lattice damage and has been used in extracting the total damage caused by short‐range ion bombardment. This paper describes an extension of the channeling technique which yields not only the amount of damage but certain parameters of the depth distribution of the damage. This method is applied to the case of 200–500 keV light ion bombardment in silicon. The results of the measurements and analysis indicate(1) Annealing at room temperature is an important process in determining the extent and characteristics of the damage.(2) The peak of the damage distribution is 10%–20% shallower than the expected range of the ion.(3) The widths of the damage distribution are significantly broader than the expected width of the ion distribution.
173 citations
TL;DR: Following any reduction of food intake imposed either by the experimenter or as a result of water restriction or the consumption of an unpalatable diet, food intake was adjusted almost entirely by increasing meal size.
166 citations
TL;DR: Postnuclear supernates from homogenates of skeletal muscle from rats subjected to starvation and injections of Triton WR-1339 and dextran + corticosterone were fractionated, indicating the presence of two groups of lysosome-like particles from muscle cells.
Abstract: Postnuclear supernates from homogenates of skeletal muscle from rats subjected to starvation, injections of Triton WR-1339, dextran-500, and dextran + corticosterone were fractionated by means of rate and isopycnic zonal centrifugation in sucrose—0.02 M KCl gradients. Zonal fractions were analyzed for protein, RNA, cytochrome oxidase, and up to six acid hydrolases. The results indicate the presence of two groups of lysosome-like particles. One group contributes approximately 95% of the cathepsin D and acid phosphatase activity and 75% of the acid ribonuclease, β-glucuronidase, and arylsulfatase activity in muscle. It is characterized by a modal equilibrium density of 1.18 that is decreased by starvation, but is not shifted by dextran-500 or Triton WR-1339. The second group has a higher proportion of acid ribonuclease, β-glucuronidase, and arylsulftase; the equilibrium density can be shifted by dextran-500 and Triton WR-1339. It is suggested that this group of lysosomes is derived from macrophages and other connective tissue cells, whereas the former group represents lysosome-like particles from muscle cells.
157 citations
TL;DR: Results showed that both chloroplast and cytoplasmic ribosomes were involved in synthesizing these proteins, and that most, and possibly all, of the disc membrane proteins were synthesized during this period of membrane formation.
139 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, it was proved that the norms of sup n isEnabled |f petertodd n |f n¯¯ |f fixme n | and of ¯¯ ¯¯ $ (€ 1.2 ) are equivalent.
Abstract: Letf=(f 1,f
2,..) be a martingale. It is proved that theL
1 norms of sup
n
|f
n
| and of
$$\left( {\sum {\left( {f_n - f_{n - 1} } \right)^2 } } \right)^{\tfrac{1}{2}} $$
are equivalent. This result completes results of D. L. Burkholder and R. F. Gundy on operators on martingales.
TL;DR: In the presence of σ, E. coli RNA polymerase forms rifampicin resistant complexes with DNA in the absence of nucleoside triphosphates, so the number of ρ-recognized promoters per genome for several DNA phages could be determined.
Abstract: In the presence of σ, E. coli RNA polymerase forms rifampicin resistant complexes with DNA in the absence of nucleoside triphosphates. These complexes only form at promoter sites, so the number of σ-recognized promoters per genome for several DNA phages could be determined.
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of applied fields on the phase transition of isotropic-nematic phase transition in liquid crystals were investigated. But the phase-transition was not shown to be second order.
Abstract: The molecular-field description of the isotropic-nematic phase transition in liquid crystals is investigated. It is found that the effects of fluctuations may be observable, and the first corrections due to fluctuations to the light scattering and magnetic birefringence in the isotropic phase are determined. The effects of applied fields on the phase transition are investigated. It is found that if the molecules prefer to line up transverse to an applied field there is a critical field above which the phase transition is second order.
TL;DR: In this article, the EPR spectra assignable to ground state triplet CH 2 have been observed on photolysis of diazomethane and diazirene at 4°K.
TL;DR: Experimental results on critical velocity and critical attenuation changes are presented and discussed in this article, where the critical velocity changes show a uniform behavior for all substances studied, namely a frequency independent and a weak temperature dependent effect.
TL;DR: The room temperature tensile properties of age-hardened titanium-aluminum alloys in the concentration range from 14.5 to 18.1 at.% aluminum were correlated to the size and dispersion of the precipitated Ti3Al particles and to the interaction of moving dislocations with the particles as mentioned in this paper.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors measured saccharin intake in rats after injection, by various routes, of ethanol and sodium chloride, and found that only intoxicating doses of ethanol decreased the intake.
Abstract: Saccharin intake was measured in rats after injection, by various routes, of ethanol and sodium chloride. Only intoxicating doses of ethanol decreased saccharin intake, the magnitude depending on t...
TL;DR: These findings suggest that the reduced self-selection of alcohol resulting from the administration of these drugs is not specifically alcohol-related, and the technique described offers a sensitive procedure for the assessment of unpleasant effects of drugs.
Abstract: Injections of p-chlorophenylalanine or n-butyraldoxime given after rats were first given a 10-minute drinking test with saccharin or ethanol solutions produced a learned aversion to these solutions. These findings suggest that the reduced self-selection of alcohol (preference) resulting from the administration of these drugs, reported by others, is not specifically alcohol-related. The technique described offers a sensitive procedure for the assessment of unpleasant effects of drugs.
TL;DR: The results indicate that the pathway for myo-inositol to cross the brush border membrane is not entirely the same as the d-glucose pathway, but they also indicate that there is an interaction between the two at the level of translocation.
TL;DR: In this paper, the role of the vibrissae in visual cliff performance of rats was investigated and it was shown that tactual cues are prepotent over visual ones for the rat when conflicting information from both sensory modalities is present.
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01 Jan 1970TL;DR: It is concluded that tongue cooling is a primary reward for thirsty rodents, and deprived of water hamsters reared from birth without access to drinking water licked cold metal in preference to metal maintained at room or body temperature.
Abstract: Thirsty rodents will persistently lick a stream of dry air pumped through a standard drinking tube. This air-licking is attenuated by experimental manipulations which reduce the evaporative cooling of the tongue and mouth produced by the airstream. This suggests that such cooling is itself an effective reward for thirstry rodents. We tested this hypothesis by presenting thirsty rodents with a piece of cold, dry metal. Different species spent from 9 to 40 percent of their session time licking the cold metal. When deprived of water hamsters reared from birth without access to drinking water licked cold metal in preference to metal maintained at room or body temperature. This preference was approximately equal to that of littermates reared normally. We conclude that tongue cooling is a primary reward for thirsty rodents.
TL;DR: Limb muscles and the extraocular muscles of adult guinea pigs were denervated and studied from two to seven days after operation, and satellite cells arise from portions of denervate muscle fibers themselves, elongate, and become myoblasts.
Abstract: Satellite cells, rarely seen on normal muscle fibers, are located between the sarcolemma and the basement membrane of a muscle fiber. Limb muscles and the extraocular muscles of adult guinea pigs were denervated and studied from two to seven days after operation. Satellite cells are now frequently seen. A nucleus surrounded by a small amount of cytoplasm separates from a denervated muscle fiber and forms a satellite cell. A series of clefts and membranes forms in the periphery of the muscle fiber to make separation channels and pinch off the muscle cell nucleus and its cytoplasm from the parent fiber. This cell, now called a satellite cell bud, can be seen in the process of splitting off from the parent muscle fiber, with portions of the same cell separated from and still part of the muscle fiber. The sacs of endoplasmic reticulum in the satellite cell bud dilate markedly. Centrioles and a cilium form in the satellite cell bud. The bud elongates, and concentrations of ribosomes and polyribosomes appear in its cytoplasm. Small points of contact, with membrane thickenings, between bud and parent fiber allow the elongating bud to be kept longitudinally oriented under the basement membrane of its parent fiber. Muscle filaments form in the elongating bud, which is now a myoblast. Hence, satellite cells arise from portions of denervated muscle fibers themselves, elongate, and become myoblasts.
TL;DR: A role for the divalent metal ion in formation or stabilization of the six-carbon intermediate which may result from condensation of d-ribulose 1,5-diphosphate and CO2 is suggested.