Ryerson University

About: Ryerson University is a education organization based out in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 7671 authors who have published 20164 publications receiving 394976 citations. The organization is also known as: Ryerson Polytechnical Institute & Ryerson Institute of Technology.

SK-GCN: Modeling Syntax and Knowledge via Graph Convolutional Network for aspect-level sentiment classification

Abstract: Aspect-level sentiment classification is a fundamental subtask of fine-grained sentiment analysis. The syntactic information and commonsense knowledge are important and useful for aspect-level sentiment classification, while only a limited number of studies have explored to incorporate them via flexible graph convolutional neural networks (GCN) for this task. In this paper, we propose a new Syntax- and Knowledge-based Graph Convolutional Network (SK-GCN) model for aspect-level sentiment classification, which leverages the syntactic dependency tree and commonsense knowledge via GCN. In particular, to enhance the representation of the sentence toward the given aspect, we develop two strategies to model the syntactic dependency tree and commonsense knowledge graph, namely SK-GCN 1 and SK-GCN 2 respectively. SK-GCN 1 models the dependency tree and knowledge graph via Syntax-based GCN (S-GCN) and Knowledge-based GCN (K-GCN) independently, and SK-GCN 2 models them jointly. We also apply pre-trained BERT to this task and obtain new state-of-the-art results. Extensive experiments on five benchmark datasets demonstrate that our approach can effectively improve the performance of aspect-level sentiment classification compared with the state-of-the-art methods.

Authorship verification for short messages using stylometry

Abstract: Authorship verification can be checked using stylometric techniques through the analysis of linguistic styles and writing characteristics of the authors. Stylometry is a behavioral feature that a person exhibits during writing and can be extracted and used potentially to check the identity of the author of online documents. Although stylometric techniques can achieve high accuracy rates for long documents, it is still challenging to identify an author for short documents, in particular when dealing with large authors populations. These hurdles must be addressed for stylometry to be usable in checking authorship of online messages such as emails, text messages, or twitter feeds. In this paper, we pose some steps toward achieving that goal by proposing a supervised learning technique combined with n-gram analysis for authorship verification in short texts. Experimental evaluation based on the Enron email dataset involving 87 authors yields very promising results consisting of an Equal Error Rate (EER) of 14.35% for message blocks of 500 characters.

Ergonomics action research II: a framework for integrating HF into work system design

Abstract: This paper presents a conceptual framework that can support efforts to integrate human factors (HF) into the work system design process, where improved and cost-effective application of HF is possible. The framework advocates strategies of broad stakeholder participation, linking of performance and health goals, and process focussed change tools that can help practitioners engage in improvements to embed HF into a firm's work system design process. Recommended tools include business process mapping of the design process, implementing design criteria, using cognitive mapping to connect to managers’ strategic goals, tactical use of training and adopting virtual HF (VHF) tools to support the integration effort. Consistent with organisational change research, the framework provides guidance but does not suggest a strict set of steps. This allows more adaptability for the practitioner who must navigate within a particular organisational context to secure support for embedding HF into the design process for imp...

Lap shear strength and fatigue behavior of friction stir spot welded dissimilar magnesium-to-aluminum joints with adhesive

Abstract: Lightweighting is currently considered as an effective way in improving fuel efficiency and reducing anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. The structural applications of lightweight magnesium and aluminum alloys in the aerospace and automotive sectors unavoidably involve welding and joining while guaranteeing the safety and durability of motor vehicles. The objective of this study was to evaluate the lap shear strength and fatigue properties of friction stir spot welded (FSSWed) dissimilar AZ31B-H24 Mg alloy and Al alloy (AA) 5754-O in three combinations, i.e., (top) Al/Mg (bottom), Al/Mg with an adhesive interlayer, and Mg/Al with an adhesive interlayer. For all the dissimilar Mg-to-Al weld combinations, FSSW induced an interfacial layer in the stir zone (SZ) that was composed of intermetallic compounds of Al3Mg2 and Al12Mg17, which led to an increase in hardness. Both Mg/Al and Al/Mg dissimilar adhesive welds had significantly higher lap shear strength, failure energy and fatigue life than the Al/Mg dissimilar weld without adhesive. Two different types of fatigue failure modes were observed. In the Al/Mg adhesive weld, at high cyclic loads nugget pull-out failure occurred due to fatigue crack propagation circumferentially around the nugget. At low cyclic loads, fatigue failure occurred in the bottom Mg sheet due to the stress concentration of the keyhole leading to crack initiation followed by propagation perpendicular to the loading direction. In the Mg/Al adhesive weld, nugget pull-out failure mode was primarily observed at both high and low cyclic loads.

Classification of Trade-offs Encountered in the Practice of Corporate Sustainability

Abstract: Trade-offs between the conflicting aspects of corporate sustainability (CS) have hindered the realization of win–win opportunities that advance both sustainable development and the bottom line. The question today is no longer whether these trade-offs are encountered in the pursuit of CS, but under which circumstances they occur, with which responses, and how best to navigate them. This study conducted a systematic review and content analysis of the trade-off literature published to-date at both conceptual and applied levels. Through this process, a hierarchical framework is proposed for the analysis of trade-offs based on their different categories, their root tensions, their interconnections, and where they are encountered in the practice of CS, from policy to implementation. Based on this, a number of recommendations are provided on how managers may better navigate the hierarchy of trade-off decision-making, to ultimately transform trade-offs into synergies. Several suggestions for future trade-off research are also provided.