Showing papers by "Saab Automobile AB published in 2013"

Measuring and Visualizing Code Stability -- A Case Study at Three Companies

Abstract: Monitoring performance of software development organizations can be achieved from a number of perspectives - e.g. using such tools as Balanced Scorecards or corporate dashboards. In this paper we present results from a study on using code stability indicators as a tool for product stability and organizational performance, conducted at three different software development companies - Ericsson AB, Saab AB Electronic Defense Systems (Saab) and Volvo Group Trucks Technology (Volvo Group). The results show that visualizing the source code changes using heat maps and linking these visualizations to defect inflow profiles provide indicators of how stable the product under development is and whether quality assurance efforts should be directed to specific parts of the product. Observing the indicator and making decisions based on its visualization leads to shorter feedback loops between development and test, thus resulting in lower development costs, shorter lead time and increased quality. The industrial case study in the paper shows that the indicator and its visualization can show whether the modifications of software products are focused on parts of the code base or are spread widely throughout the product.

Characterization of Particulate Matter from Direct Injected Gasoline Engines

Abstract: The reactivity and reaction kinetics of particulate matter (PM) from direct injected gasoline (GDI) engines has been studied by O2 and NO2 based temperature programmed and isothermal step-response experiments, and the PM nano-structure has been characterized using HRTEM The reactivity of the PM samples collected in filters during on-road driving was found to increase in the following order: Printex U\diesel\gasoline PI & gasoline DI\ethanol for O2 based combustion The activation energies for O2 and NO2 based oxidation of PM collected from a GDI engine in an engine bench set-up was estimated to 146 and 71 kJ/mol respectively, which is comparable to corresponding values reported for diesel and model soot Similar nano-structure features (crystallites plane dimensions, curvature and relative orientation) as observed for diesel soot were observed for gasoline PM

Identifying Implicit Architectural Dependencies Using Measures of Source Code Change Waves

Abstract: The principles of Agile software development are increasingly used in large software development projects, e.g. using Scrum of Scrums or combining Agile and Lean development methods. When large software products are developed by self-organized, usually feature-oriented teams, there is a risk that architectural dependencies between software components become uncontrolled. In particular there is a risk that the prescriptive architecture models in form of diagrams are outdated and implicit architectural dependencies may become more frequent than the explicit ones. In this paper we present a method for automated discovery of potential dependencies between software components based on analyzing revision history of software repositories. The result of this method is a map of implicit dependencies which is used by architects in decisions on the evolution of the architecture. The software architects can assess the validity of the dependencies and can prevent unwanted component couplings and design erosion hence minimizing the risk of post-release quality problems. Our method was evaluated in a case study at one large product at Saab Electronic Defense Systems (Saab EDS) and one large software product at Ericsson AB.

Reliability in endoscopic diagnosis of portal hypertensive gastropathy

Abstract: CONCLUSION: The most suitable endoscopic criteria for the diagnosis of PHG were mosaic-like pattern, red-point lesions and cherry-red spots with no subdivisions, which were associated with a high rate of inter-observer reliability.

Development of an Adaptable Monitoring Package for marine renewable energy

Abstract: The Adaptable Monitoring Package (AMP) along with a Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) and custom tool skid, is being developed to support near-field (≤10 meters) and long-range monitoring of hydrokinetic energy converters. The goal for the AMP is to develop a system capable of supporting a wide range of environmental monitoring in harsh oceanographic conditions, at a cost in line with other aspects of technology demonstrations. This paper presents a system description of all related infrastructure for the AMP, including supported instrumentation, deployment ROV and tool skid, launch platform, and docking station. Design requirements are driven by the monitoring instrumentation and the strong waves and currents that typify marine renewable energy sites. Hydrodynamic conditions from the Pacific Marine Energy Centers wave test sites and Admiralty Inlet, Puget Sound, Washington are considered in the design as early adoption case studies. A methodology is presented to increase the capabilities to deploy and operate the AMP in strong currents by augmenting thrust and optimizing the system drag profile through computational fluid dynamic modeling. Preliminary results suggest that the AMP should be deployable in turbulent environments with mean flow velocities up to 1 m/s.

Automated Removal of Prepreg Backing Paper - A Sticky Problem

Abstract: Automated solutions for manufacturing composite products based on prepreg often imply Automatic Fiber Placement or Automatic Tape Laying. These systems are generally associated with huge investment ...

Efficient 7D aerial pose estimation

Abstract: A method for online global pose estimation of aerial images by alignment with a georeferenced 3D model is presented. Motion stereo is used to reconstruct a dense local height patch from an image pair. The global pose is inferred from the 3D transform between the local height patch and the model. For efficiency, the sought 3D similarity transform is found by least-squares minimizations of three 2D subproblems. The method does not require any landmarks or reference points in the 3D model, but an approximate initialization of the global pose, in our case provided by onboard navigation sensors, is assumed. Real aerial images from helicopter and aircraft flights are used to evaluate the method. The results show that the accuracy of the position and orientation estimates is significantly improved compared to the initialization and our method is more robust than competing methods on similar datasets. The proposed matching error computed between the transformed patch and the map clearly indicates whether a reliable pose estimate has been obtained.

Experience from model and software reuse in aircraft simulator product line engineering

Abstract: Context: ''Reuse'' and ''Model Based Development'' are two prominent trends for improving industrial development efficiency. Product lines are used to reduce the time to create product variants by reusing components. The model based approach provides the opportunity to enhance knowledge capture for a system in the early stages in order to be reused throughout its lifecycle. This paper describes how these two trends are combined to support development and support of a simulator product line for the SAAB 39 Gripen fighter aircraft. Objective: The work aims at improving the support (in terms of efficiency and quality) when creating simulation model configurations. Software based simulators are flexible so variants and versions of included models may easily be exchanged. The objective is to increase the reuse when combining models for usage in a range of development and training simulators. Method: The research has been conducted with an interactive approach using prototyping and demonstrations, and the evaluation is based on an iterative and a retrospective method. Results: A product line of simulator models for the SAAB 39 Gripen aircraft has been analyzed and defined in a Product Variant Master. A configurator system has been implemented for creation, integration, and customization of stringent simulator model configurations. The system is currently under incorporation in the standard development process at SAAB Aeronautics. Conclusion: The explicit and visual description of products and their variability through a configurator system enables better insights and a common understanding so that collaboration on possible product configurations improves and the potential of software reuse increases. The combination of application fields imposes constraints on how traditional tools and methods may be utilized. Solutions for Design Automation and Knowledge Based Engineering are available, but their application has limitations for Software Product Line engineering and the reuse of simulation models.

Probabilistic Hough Voting for Attitude Estimation from Aerial Fisheye Images

Abstract: For navigation of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), attitude estimation is essential. We present a method for attitude estimation (pitch and roll angle) from aerial fisheye images through horizon detection. The method is based on edge detection and a probabilistic Hough voting scheme. In a flight scenario, there is often some prior knowledge of the vehicle altitude and attitude. We exploit this prior to make the attitude estimation more robust by letting the edge pixel votes be weighted based on the probability distributions for the altitude and pitch and roll angles. The method does not require any sky/ground segmentation as most horizon detection methods do. Our method has been evaluated on aerial fisheye images from the internet. The horizon is robustly detected in all tested images. The deviation in the attitude estimate between our automated horizon detection and a manual detection is less than 1°.

Big Data Analytics in the Public Sector: Improving the Strategic Planning in World Class Universities

Abstract: This paper presents an application in Information Fusion related to Analytics and fusion of Big Data. The approach involves the analysis of specific aspects of the management of a Brazilian university and the proposition of a new framework that may be useful mainly for universities focused on improving their strategic planning while having excellence in operational execution. The framework intends to be used for the development of new decision support systems that integrate "past data" with "real time data". The research methodology emphasizes induction with the collection of qualitative data in order to move from observed facts to theory. The main result is the framework itself while future work may involve the development and the validation of the new system.

Hardware-reduced system for TDOA-locating of radio frequency emitters

Abstract: A method and a system for TDOA-locating of an unknown emitter of RF-Signals are provided, wherein the sensor devices operate in an only roughly synchronized mode without a precis synchronisation by an exact timing reference. The only roughly synchronized mode of operation causes location offsets in the measurement results. For compensation of these offsets a reference emitter with a precisely known location is chosen. The location of the reference emitter is measured in the only roughly synchronized mode of operation. The measurement results are are compared with the known position of the reference emitter, and the location offsets are obtained. These now known location offsets are used to correct the measurement results of unknown emitters in the same measurement session.

A method and arrangement for providing a 3d model

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method (600) and an arrangement for providing a 3D model of an environment. The method comprises the step of forming (610) a mesh modelling the environment in three dimensions, said mesh comprising nodes interconnected by edges and having surfaces boarded by the edges, wherein each node is associated to a 3D coordinate in a geographical coordinate system, determining (620) for a plurality of the nodes and/or surfaces and/or edges in the mesh a mesh uncertainty and associating (630) the determined mesh uncertainty to the corresponding node and/or surface and/or edge.

Critical views on present passive radars performance as compared with that of active radars

Abstract: Passive radars have some renown advantages when used as sources of information for air surveillance and air space control systems. Their main advantage is a concealed operation due to the usage of signals of opportunity and especially signals emitted by commercial broadcasting stations. Many parameters of the passive radars and namely: resolution and estimation of air object coordinates depend on quality of captured signals. Some examples of range resolution achieved using UHF radio and TV broadcasting signals as given in the enclosed references are discussed.. The range uncertainty is explained and its influence on range estimation accuracy is indicated. The influence of air coverage volume on the number and localization of emitters has been explained. A comparison of some fundamental parameters of active radars used nowadays widely as sources of information on situation in the air space used for air traffic control or defense systems with parameters achieved by passive radars (PCL) is then presented. Conclusion resulting from the discussion of both active and passive radars features is that passive radars do not match several of temporary requirements obligatory for the ATC or air defense systems and presently they are not able to replace active radars but can be used only as a supporting sources of information, which can improve the active radar coverage for small RCS objects (“stealth”) and also improve low altitude detection.

Method and apparatus for tdoa-locating with reduced data rates

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for TDOA-locating of an unknown emitter of RF-signals are provided, wherein the amount of data that have to be transmitted from the sensor devices to the processing centre of the locating system is greatly reduced. According to the invention the signals received at the sensor devices of the locating system are synchronized, sampled and autocorrelated. The autocorrelation function thus obtained is divided into segments of an appropriate duration. The maximums of the autocorrelation function in each segment provide a unique characterizing feature of the time of arrival of the RF-signals at each sensor device. The maximums of the autocorrelation function are transmitted to the processing centre of the system. The travelling time difference of the sensor signals needed for locating the unknown emitter are simply computed by the differences of the transmitted maximums.

Deliberating the triple constraint trade-offs as polarities to manage — A refreshed perspective

Abstract: It has become the norm in many projects to view the traditional trade-offs as classic problems to `solve'. This approach often suppresses the creative exploitation of paradox within the triple constraint. The principles and practices of Polarity ManagementTM introduce a refreshed perspective by supporting the `either/or' problem solving approach with the `both/and' rationale, which allows the triple constraint trade-offs to be held in respectful dialogue. Without the effective management of the triple constraint as an interrelated system, projects run the risk of becoming separated from purpose. This paper undertakes to explore the dynamics of the triple constraint by considering their `mutualities' as polarities to manage in order to bring a refreshed perspective to the time vs. cost vs. scope dilemma. An integrated model is proposed that considers the exploitation trade-offs as polarities to manage in an effort to sustain an optimum compromise as a function of the anticipated project outcome.

Tactile Torso Display For Fighter Pilots – Wing-Oriented And Horizon-Oriented Presentation:

Abstract: The demonstration proposed will feature two different tactile presentation principles in a software flight simulation which presents missile warnings multimodally using a tactile torso display, audio, and a visual display. In a recent experiment, the tactile torso display with 36 tactors in three rows by 12 columns was developed and integrated into a fighter flight simulator. Two principles of tactile presentation for warnings of incoming missiles were used and compared to using no tactile display when performing evasive maneuvers. The tactile presentation of the vector to the missile was either oriented to the horizon or to the aircraft’s wings, taking pitch and roll into account. Results indicate no significant difference in reaction time or maneuver completion time between principles; however pilots were positive to the tactile display and could see benefits of both presentation principles in different situations.

Indicadores de Performance para Projetos de Treinamento em Segurança Cibernética

Abstract: The models related to security systems suggest solutions based on multidisciplinary teams with people from different areas working with the same goal. The preparation of such teams involves performing different types of training, including the use of simulations. In this perspective, this paper presents a proposal for continued research through international cooperation with a company in Sweden. In this case, the main objectives include creating Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) for training projects in cyber security. This paper aims to contribute to the development of theory and practice in project management, in particular by highlighting the potential use of international standards in training projects. Index Terms - Indicator, Security, Training.

ICNS Conference 2013: Airport surface movement in the NextGen ERA

Abstract: NextGen is an evolutionary process, but there are many aspects that are already here and are providing real surface efficiency benefits.

Material characterization in partially filled waveguides using inverse scattering and multiple sample orientations

Abstract: We present a method aimed at reducing uncertainties and instabilities when characterizing materials in waveguide setups. The S-parameters for a rectangular waveguide loaded with a rectangular sample block are measured for three different sample orientations, and the corresponding geometries are modeled in a finite element program, taking any material parameters as input. The material parameters of the sample are found by minimizing the squared distance between measured and calculated S-parameters.

Einrichtung zur Schallunterdrückung an Rädern

Abstract: Einrichtung zur Unterdruckung von Eigenfrequenzgerausch in Radern, das vom Lufthohlraum im Inneren des Rades stammt, wobei die Einrichtung wenigstens einen im Inneren des Rades angeordneten Resonator (10, 11, 12, 13; 10b, 11b, 12b, 13b; 10c, 11c, 12c, 13c; 10d, 11d, 12d, 13d; 10e, 11e, 12e, 13e) aufweist, der zum Unterdrucken von von der Eigenfrequenz des Rades resultierendem Schall gestaltet ist, wobei das Rad (1) einen Reifen (2; 41) und eine Felge (3; 40) aufweist und wobei der Resonator (10, 11, 12, 13; 10b, 11b, 12b, 13b; 10c, 11c, 12c, 13c; 10d, 11d, 12d, 13d; 10e, 11e, 12e, 13e) eine kanalformige Einrichtung (45) aufweist, die im Inneren des Rades im zwischen dem Reifen und der Felge gebildeten Lufthohlraum angeordnet ist, wobei die kanalformige Anordnung (45) als ein Kanal gestaltet ist, der sich im Wesentlichen um den Umfang des inneren Lufthohlraums erstreckt, und mit Hilfe von im Inneren des Kanals angeordneten Trennwanden (15, 16, 17, 18; 15b, 16b, 17b, 18b; 15c, 16c, 17c, 18c; 15d, 17d; 15e, 17e) in mehrere, vorzugsweise zwei oder vier, Kanalabschnitte geteilt ist, die je mit einer zum Lufthohlraum gerichteten Offnung (20, 21, 22, 23; 21d, 23d; 21e, 23e) versehen sind, ...

ISAR measurements at Saab

Abstract: The ISAR measurement technique and analysis at Saab is discussed. The traditional criterion for far-field distance is not satisfied as the scattering measurements often are conducted for aircraft at 100 m measurement distance. The considerable phase variation over the target that results leads to near-field measurements. We have therefore adapted a fast image based compensation method which transforms the ISAR image into the far-field region and in essence renders accurate RCS determinations for the targets. RCS measurements at Saab can be dated back to 1986. We will in this paper give an overview of our activities and methodology.

ISAR measurements at Saab

Abstract: The ISAR measurement technique and analysis at Saab is discussed The traditional criterion for far-field distance is not satisfied as the scattering measurements often are conducted for aircraft at 100 m measurement distance The considerable phase variation over the target that results leads to near-field measurements We have therefore adapted a fast image based compensation method which transforms the ISAR image into the far-field region and in essence renders accurate RCS determinations for the targets RCS measurements at Saab can be dated back to 1986 We will in this paper give an overview of our activities and methodology

Simulation of Cavitation and Pressure Surge: An Engineering Approach

Abstract: The prediction of the magnitude of the pressure surge in aircraft fuel systems is important from the standpoint of designing systems that will not exceed the maximum surge pressure allowed and also to determine the limit pressure so that lightweight systems can be designed Because aircraft refueling systems are relatively low pressure, the formation of gaseous products, cavitation, introduces severe nonlinearity not only in the form of dampened pressures but also in decreased propagation speed The linear relation between the bulk modulus, pressure, and density that exists in high-pressure systems is made nonlinear by the formation of gases This paper describes a simulation method for predicting the pressure surge in aircraft fuel systems that is suitable for engineering purposes A model for gas formation has been developed The dynamic simulation is a relatively fine, one-dimensional, discrete distribution of the fluid solved with MacCormack’s predictor corrector technique Simulation results are comp

Cyber Security Training Perspectives

Abstract: Building comprehensive cyber security strategies to protect people, infrastructure and assets demands research on methods and practices to reduce risks. Once the methods and practices are identifie ...