Showing papers by "Saint Anselm College published in 1994"
68 citations
TL;DR: To compare nurses who work primarily with older adults within and outside long-term care, the percentage of time spent caring for patients aged over 60 was studied and the degree of job satisfaction between nurses working in long- term care was compared.
Abstract: A questionnaire developed by the authors was sent to 1000 nurses in various specialty areas. It was used to assess degree of job satisfaction, reasons for dissatisfaction, and the relationships of the work setting and sociodemographic data. Because the authors wanted to compare nurses who work primarily with older adults within and outside long-term care, the percentage of time spent caring for patients aged over 60 was also studied. The degree of job satisfaction between nurses working in long-term care was compared. A comparison of job satisfaction was also made between nurses working at least 75% of the time with older adults and nurses not working primarily with older adults. Factors causing job dissatisfaction in the long-term care group and the non-long-term care group were identified. Strategies to increase job satisfaction in long-term care were presented.
66 citations
TL;DR: Children who attended the preoperative teaching program demonstrated less emotional distress than children who did not receive this intervention, reinforcing the positive outcomes ofPreoperative teaching programs that provide procedural and sensory information to children as preparation for day surgery.
Abstract: This study measured the effect of a group preoperative teaching program on the level of children's emotional distress during day surgery. The sample consisted of 30 children, ages 3 through 10, scheduled for elective surgery. One group attended a structured program and received procedural and sensory information within 2 weeks of their surgery. The other group did not receive this intervention. A t test identified significant differences between the groups. Children who attended the preoperative teaching program demonstrated less emotional distress than children who did not receive this intervention. These findings reinforce the positive outcomes of preoperative teaching programs that provide procedural and sensory information to children as preparation for day surgery.
49 citations
TL;DR: Comparison with the tooth plates of Chimaera monstrosa indicates that compound tooth plates may be a feature of all chimaeroids in which a descending lamina is present, and provides further evidence to support a lyodont dentition in chimeraeroid fishes similar to that found in other chondrichthyans.
Abstract: The chimaeroid holocephalian fishes are distinguished among extant chondrichthyans by the possession of three pairs of tooth plates, evergrowing and partially hypermineralized, that are not shed and replaced like the teeth of living elasmobranchs. Although derivation of the chimaeroid tooth plate from the fusion of members of a plesiomorphic chondrichthyan tooth family has been proposed, evidence for this hypothesis has been lacking. A new analysis of the development and structure of the tooth plates in Callorhinchus milii (Holocephali, Chimaeriformes) reveals the compound nature of the tooth plates in a chimaeroid fish. Each tooth plate consists of an oral and aboral territory that form independently in the embryo and maintain separate growth surfaces through life. The descending lamina on the aboral surface of the tooth plate demarcates the growth surface of the aboral territory. Comparison with the tooth plates of Chimaera monstrosa indicates that compound tooth plates may be a feature of all chimaeroids in which a descending lamina is present. The tooth plates in these fishes represent the fusion of two members of a reduced tooth family. The condition of the tooth plates in C. milii is plesiomorphic for chimaeroids and is of evolutionary significance in that it provides further evidence to support a lyodont dentition in chimaeroid fishes similar to that found in other chondrichthyans. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
42 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a questionnaire developed by the authors was sent to 1000 nurses in various specialty areas to assess degree of job satisfaction, reasons for dissatisfaction, and the relationships of the work setting and sociodemographic data.
Abstract: A questionnaire developed by the authors was sent to 1000 nurses in various specialty areas. It was used to assess degree of job satisfaction, reasons for dissatisfaction, and the relationships of the work setting and sociodemographic data. Because the authors wanted to compare nurses who work primarily with older adults within and outside long-term care, the percentage of time spent caring for patients aged over 60 was also studied. The degree of job satisfaction between nurses working in long-term care was compared. A comparison of job satisfaction was also made between nurses working at least 75% of the time with older adults and nurses not working primarily with older adults. Factors causing job dissatisfaction in the long-term care group and the non-long-term care group were identified. Strategies to increase job satisfaction in long-term care were presented.
18 citations
TL;DR: The findings showed that program mothers reported significantly higher levels of self-esteem at the three-month period than those receiving home visits and over time these mothers had significantly decreased levels of depression and significantly improved their health habits.
Abstract: This pilot study measured the effects of a community health nursing parent-baby (ad)venture program for first time mothers who were at risk for child abuse or neglect and depression. A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design was used. Fifteen high-risk mothers in the program were compared with 15 similar mothers who received home visits from the community health nursing staff. Measures of depression, health behaviors, self-esteem, state anxiety, and maternal-infant adaptation were measured in both groups when the mothers were 4 and 16 weeks postpartum. After controlling for pretest differences, the findings showed that program mothers reported significantly higher levels of self-esteem at the three-month period than those receiving home visits (P < 0.013). In addition, over time these mothers had significantly decreased levels of depression (P < 0.009) and significantly improved their health habits (P < 0.003). Those who received home visits showed no significant changes over time.
18 citations
TL;DR: Preliminary notions of the interplay between random knots and the energy of a knot are discussed, which allows one some control of the expected shape of the knot.
Abstract: We present two constructions of random knots. The first gives piecewise linear knots. It has a parameter (which can be a function), which allows one some control of the expected shape of the knot. The second construction uses Fourier series to construct smooth random knots. We then discuss preliminary notions of the interplay between random knots and the energy of a knot.
12 citations
TL;DR: Evidence suggests that HRT should be offered to all postmenopausal women in whom it is not contraindicated and additional research is needed on the effects of different doses, types of estrogen and progestin, and treatment duration.
Abstract: Objective : To review the literature related to the benefits and risks of postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Data sources : Computerized searches on MEDLINE and CINAHL. Study selection : Articles from indexed journals in the English language related to the topics in this review and published after 1986 (except for earlier classic pieces) were evaluated. Data extraction : Data were extracted and information was organized about HRT under the following headings: indications, risks, contraindications, management of therapy, and evaluation of risks and benefits. Data synthesis : Hormone replacement therapy is used to treat symptoms of estrogen deficiency and to prevent disease. The small risk of breast cancer associated with HRT is outweighed by the beneficial effects of such therapy in preventing cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis. Conclusions : Evidence suggests that HRT should be offered to all postmenopausal women in whom it is not contraindicated. Ideally, each woman should decide whether to receive HRT after weighing the risks and benefits. Additional research is needed on the effects of different doses, types of estrogen and progestin, and treatment duration, and on which HRT regimen offers the best risk‐benefit profile.
12 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors focus on a particularly useful application of cluster analysis: examining practice effects in psychological experiments, particularly with respect to individual differences in performance over sessions, and determine whether the data that have been collected in an experiment are truly homogeneous with regard to a secondary variable and, if not, to obtain subsets of homogeneous data as suggested by cluster analysis.
Abstract: The present article focuses on a particularly useful application of cluster analysis: examining practice effects in psychological experiments, particularly with respect to individual differences in performance over sessions. The factor (e.g., practice) whose effect we wish to assess or to cancel is a secondary variable. Our aim is to determine whether the data that have been collected in an experiment are truly homogeneous with respect to a secondary variable and, if not, to obtain subsets of homogeneous data as suggested by cluster analysis. The homogeneous subsets can then be used to characterize the modes of performance. The effects of a secondary variable, such as performance improvements over sessions, typically have been assessed by an analysis of variance (ANOVA). ANOVA answers such questions as \"Are session-to-session variations in the dependent variable (typically accuracy or reaction time) due to chance, or is there some variation that can be attributed to performance changes between sessions?\" However, there are two problems with ANOVA:
3 citations
1 citations