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Showing papers by "Saint Anselm College published in 2008"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Various feminist theories addressing breastfeeding from the perspective of gender ideology, cultural feminism, and history are reviewed and contrasted and feminist health activism is suggested as a unifying perspective.
Abstract: Breastfeeding is widely acknowledged to have health benefits for mothers and infants. Because it is sex-specific, it challenges the feminist principle of gender-neutral childbearing. Various feminist theories addressing breastfeeding from the perspective of gender ideology, cultural feminism, and history are reviewed and contrasted. Employment and race disparities are addressed within feminist contexts. Feminist health activism is suggested as a unifying perspective. J Hum Lact. 24(2):206-212.

67 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Examination of salivary cortisol levels and cortisol response to 0.50 mg DEX in 40 female Vietnam nurse veterans who had current, chronic PTSD (Current) vs. 43 who never had PTSD (Never) found no significant group differences in cortisol levels or cortisol suppression.
Abstract: It has been suggested that discrepant findings regarding low basal cortisol levels and enhanced suppression of cortisol in response to dexamethasone (DEX) administration in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may reflect individual differences in gender, trauma type, stage of development at trauma occurrence (e.g., childhood vs. adulthood), early pre-traumatic risk factors, or other individual differences. This study examined salivary cortisol levels at 08.00h and 16.00h as well as cortisol response to 0.50 mg DEX in 40 female Vietnam nurse veterans who had current, chronic PTSD (Current) vs. 43 who never had PTSD (Never). Repeated measures analyses of covariance did not reveal significant group differences in cortisol levels or cortisol suppression. Given that nurses who served in Vietnam had similar exposures, ages at exposure, and duration since exposure to previously studied male Vietnam combat veterans, the present lack of evidence for low cortisol and cortisol hyper-suppression in nurses with PTSD suggests that previous findings of low cortisol and cortisol hyper-suppression in male Vietnam veterans, females sexually abused as children, and other populations may reflect risk factors beyond simply having PTSD.

34 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A stage-structured population matrix model is constructed that integrates the site-specific demography of individuals across two habitats types that are linked by migration and shows that herbivory reduced survival and fecundity on the forest floor, which in the absence of seed migration resulted in a projected decline of forest floor palms.
Abstract: Site factors have frequently been shown to affect survival, growth, and reproduction in plant populations. The source-sink concept proposed by Pulliam is one way of integrating this spatial demographic variation into population models. Source-sink models describe a population where propagules from “source” habitats sustain less productive “sink” areas. We adapted this concept to model the population dynamics of the understory palm Chamaedorea radicalis on two substrates, rock outcrops and forest floor. In our model, sources and sinks correspond to fine-scale demographic structure within the population, rather than spatially discrete subpopulations as described in the Pulliam model. We constructed a stage-structured population matrix model that integrates the site-specific demography of individuals across two habitats types that are linked by migration. We then parameterized this model with field data from C. radicalis. To address whether observed differences in palm demography between rock outcrops and the forest floor were due to natural variation between microsites or due to differences in browsing intensity from free range livestock, we parameterized separate models based on the substrate-specific demography of protected, non-browsed palms and of palms exposed to burro browse. Results showed that herbivory reduced survival and fecundity on the forest floor, which in the absence of seed migration resulted in a projected decline of forest floor palms (sinks). However with seed dispersal, palms persisted and total population growth (both substrates) was projected to be positive, indicating that seed dispersal from non-browsed palms on rock outcrops (sources) was sufficient to sustain C. radicalis on the forest floor.

30 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A more precise definition of instantaneous optical angles in control tasks such as interception is clarified and a common interception strategy used across interceptive tasks, extending to complex target trajectories is confirmed.
Abstract: In the present work, we first clarify a more precise definition of instantaneous optical angles in control tasks such as interception. We then test how well two interceptive strategies that have been proposed for catching fly balls account for human Frisbee-catching behavior. The first strategy is to maintain the ball’s image along a linear optical trajectory (LOT). The second is to keep vertical optical ball velocity decreasing while maintaining constant lateral optical velocity. We found that an LOT accounted for an average of over 96% of the variance in optical Frisbee movement, while maintenance of vertical and lateral optical velocities was random. This work confirms a common interception strategy used across interceptive tasks, extending to complex target trajectories.

17 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The purpose of this interpretive phenomenological preliminary study was to gain a better understanding of the experience of mothering after prison, and the following four themes emerged: “always the mother,” “separation anxiety,’ “new demands: divided loyalties” and “the honeymoon is over.”
Abstract: The purpose of this interpretive phenomenological preliminary study was to gain a better understanding of the experience of mothering after prison. In-depth interviewing was conducted with two participants for a period of 4 months after their release from prison. All interviews were focused on the research question, “What has been your experience of mothering since your release from prison?” Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The following four themes emerged: “always the mother,” “separation anxiety,” “new demands: divided loyalties,” and “the honeymoon is over.”

12 citations


Journal Article
TL;DR: Miller et al. as discussed by the authors published a book called as discussed by the authors, which is a collection of interviews with Kiri Miller and other authors, published by University of Illinois Press and ISBN: 9780-252-03214-1 (hard cover).
Abstract: Reviewed Medium: book Authors: Kiri Miller Year: 2007 Pages: 272 Publisher: University of Illinois Press ISBN: 978-0-252-03214-1 (hard cover). Prices: $45.00 USD(hard cover).

6 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Energy minimization provides automatic detangling, resulting in symmetric and pleasing conformations, for any conformation of filaments.
Abstract: We introduce a measure of complexity, an energy, for any conformation of filaments. It is the occlusion, the portion hidden when viewed from an arbitrary exterior point. By inverting we get the exposure, a first approximation of the accessibility of the filaments. Assuming the filament is a source, we get the self-irradiation, which leads to both an interpretation as the temperature and a visualization technique: ray tracing as a virtual laboratory. There is a wide variety of applications, from enzyme action on and radiation damage of biopolymers, to the geometry of light bulb filaments. Energy minimization provides automatic detangling, resulting in symmetric and pleasing conformations.

4 citations


Proceedings ArticleDOI
19 Jun 2008
TL;DR: The King Alfred textbook stores the feature-rich grammar of Anglo-Saxon in a bi-level glossary, provides an annotation context for use during the translation task, and is currently working toward the implementation of automatic evaluation of student-generated translations.
Abstract: King Alfred is the name of both an innovative textbook and a computational environment deployed in parallel in an undergraduate course on Anglo-Saxon literature. This paper details the ways in which it brings dynamically-generated resources to the aid of the language student. We store the feature-rich grammar of Anglo-Saxon in a bi-level glossary, provide an annotation context for use during the translation task, and are currently working toward the implementation of automatic evaluation of student-generated translations.

3 citations


Proceedings ArticleDOI
19 May 2008
TL;DR: The Bayes approach of boosting low frequency values, or filling-in missing values is compared to the interpolation operation used in the fuzzy classifiers.
Abstract: Multidimensional classification problems often must address the issue of missing attribute values. The solution for this problem in the case of two frequency based classifiers is discussed here. The Bayes approach of boosting low frequency values, or filling-in missing values is compared to the interpolation operation used in the fuzzy classifiers.

1 citations


01 Jan 2008
TL;DR: A manner by which quantum informational methods may be employed to study such problems and may ultimately prove useful in studying quantum gravity is provided.
Abstract: We describe a weaker consistency condition for qubits on closed time-like curves (CTCs) and define a new quantity we call a ctcbit that provides a means for quantifying a qubit on CTC as a shared resource. We describe a simple protocol for the sharing of information that is similar to quantum teleportation but does not require an entangled particle pair or ebit. The nature of CTCs also serves as a way to protect a qubit state. While there is the appearance that the given resource is free, we employ a non-Hausdorff topology to prevent any limitless information exchanges. While the reality of CTCs is highly speculative, the present paper provides a manner by which quantum informational methods may be employed to study such problems and may ultimately prove useful in studying quantum gravity.