Showing papers by "Saint Anselm College published in 2013"
01 Jan 2013
TL;DR: In an era when communication is technologically driven, nursing curricula requirements abound, and nursing students are focused on high stakes testing, the need for nurse educators to focus on engendering empathy may be more important than ever.
Abstract: Background: Recent nursing research suggests that empathy in nursing students actually declines as students progress through their nursing program of study; with the lowest levels of empathy observed in nursing students with the most clinical experience. Objective: This study explored the effect of an elective nursing course about the many dimensions of human suffering on empathy in baccalaureate nursing students. Methods: The pre-test/posttest design was repeated five times over five years. Results: Despite previous evidence that suggests that empathy declines during nursing education, in this study undergraduate nursing students scored higher on the Jefferson Scale of Empathy, Nursing Student Version R after completing the course. In addition these positive findings were replicated consistently over a five year period. Collectively students scored about seven points higher after completing the course (p < 0.001). Conclusions: In an era when communication is technologically driven, nursing curricula requirements abound, and nursing students are focused on high stakes testing, the need for nurse educators to focus on engendering empathy may be more important than ever. Excerpts and exercises from the course that may have contributed to the study findings are included.
32 citations
TL;DR: A theory of charge-parity-time (CPT) frameness resources to circumvent CPT superselection is developed and it is shown that quantum information processing is possible even with CPTsuperselection.
Abstract: We develop a theory of charge-parity-time ($CPT$) frameness resources to circumvent $CPT$ superselection. We construct and quantify such resources for spin-0, $1/2$, 1, and Majorana particles and show that quantum information processing is possible even with $CPT$ superselection. Our method employs a unitary representation of $CPT$ inversion by considering the aggregate action of $CPT$ rather than the composition of separate $C$, $P$, and $T$ operations, as some of these operations involve problematic antiunitary representations.
25 citations
TL;DR: It is proposed that operant-based drug abuse treatments might consider incorporating cue-reactivity, as establishing/motivating operations, to increase long-term success—a hybrid approach based on Pavlovian-operant interaction.
Abstract: Drug abuse remains costly Drug-related cues can evoke cue-reactivity and craving, contributing to relapse The Pavlovian extinction-based cue-exposure therapy (CET) has not been very successful in treating drug abuse A functional operant analysis of complex rituals involved in CET is outlined and reinterpreted as an operant heterogeneous chain maintained by observing responses, conditioned reinforcers, and discriminative stimuli It is further noted that operant functions are not predicated on Pavlovian processes but can be influenced by them in contributing to relapse; several empirical studies from the animal and human literature highlight this view Cue-reactivity evoked by Pavlovian processes is conceptualized as an operant establishing/motivating operation CET may be more effective in incorporating an operant-based approach that takes into account the complexity of Pavlovian-operant interaction Extinction of the operant chain coupled with the shaping of alternative behaviors is proposed as an integrated therapy It is proposed that operant-based drug abuse treatments (contingency management, voucher programs, and the therapeutic work environment) might consider incorporating cue-reactivity, as establishing/motivating operations, to increase long-term success—a hybrid approach based on Pavlovian-operant interaction
23 citations
TL;DR: Construction of a spectral library allowed pollens in the set to be correctly identified as the first match on the basis of photoacoustic spectra at the species (99%) or family level.
Abstract: Fourier transform infrared photoacoustic spectroscopy (FT-IR-PAS) has been applied to the problem of identifying pollen samples. One hundred measurements were made on a set of pollen samples comprising five families and ten species. Chemometric analysis of the resulting spectra showed evidence of clustering. Construction of a spectral library allowed pollens in the set to be correctly identified as the first match on the basis of photoacoustic spectra at the species (99%) or family (100%) level.
13 citations
TL;DR: The data suggest that (a) nicotine can establish interoceptive control over different response sequences, and (b) extinction of one response sequence may be state-dependent.
Abstract: Complex voluntary behaviors occur in sequence. Eight rats were trained in an operant procedure that used nicotine and non-drug (saline) states as interoceptive cues that signaled which of two behavioral sequences led to food reward. The distal and proximal responses in the chain were always maintained on variable interval 30-sec and fixed ratio-1 schedules, respectively, and rate differences between the responses were used as the dependent variable. Extinction and reversal training was conducted. Distal response rates were significantly greater than proximal response rates during training, testing, extinction, and reversal learning. These data suggest that (a) nicotine can establish interoceptive control over different response sequences, and (b) extinction of one response sequence may be state-dependent. The clinical relevance of extinction of complex behavioral repertoires such as drug-seeking and drug-taking behavior that are evoked by specific interoceptive cues is addressed in regard to drug...
12 citations
TL;DR: The circulation advantages of patron-suggested books are less pronounced than in previous studies, which indicates that undergraduates may not consistently select appropriate titles for the local collection.
Abstract: This article evaluates the effectiveness of a small college library's patron-driven acquisition (PDA) program for its print monograph collection, which is unusual in that undergraduate students contribute all PDA selections. To make the analysis comprehensive, this study assesses the program's performance over nine years across four dimensions: circulation, appropriateness of selections, turnaround time, and cost. These four approaches yield varying conclusions about the efficacy of the program, thereby demonstrating the value of a multi-pronged assessment. The circulation advantages of patron-suggested books are less pronounced than in previous studies, which indicates that undergraduates may not consistently select appropriate titles for the local collection.
10 citations
TL;DR: Dorids at sites in British Columbia, Canada were not simply related to the richness and diversity of the local sponge assemblage, partly because all dorids avoided the most common sponges and instead consumed rare, inconspicuous species.
Abstract: Cryptobranch dorids are typically thought to have specialized diets limited by prey skeletal architecture and chemistry, but recorded diets for some species are broader than expected. Few studies have directly compared prey use with prey availability over multiple sites to test the dietary range of separate populations. Diets of dorids at sites in British Columbia, Canada were not simply related to the richness and diversity of the local sponge assemblage, partly because all dorids avoided the most common sponges and instead consumed rare, inconspicuous species. At each site, three dorid species (Cadlina luteomarginata, Diaulula sandiegensis and Peltodoris nobilis) consumed multiple species, while two others (Doris montereyensis and D. odhneri) each consumed one species almost exclusively, so total dietary ranges may sometimes reflect true oligophages and sometimes mosaics of stenophage populations. Diets in all cases shifted greatly among sites and geographic regions and included sponges with different skeletal types, indicating that all species are nonstereotyped specialists. The diets of these dorids may be determined primarily by haphazard encounters among scarce or patchy palatable prey, with other prey attributes playing a lesser role.
8 citations
TL;DR: The authors argued that inter-and intra-family solidarity are critical aspects of a Christian family ethics emanating from Latina/o theological anthropology and family practices, emphasizing the integral dynamic between family solidarity and the common good.
Abstract: ����� ��� Solidarity is a key virtue in Christian family ethics. Emphasizing the institutional and practical dimensions of this principle, this essay claims that inter- and intrafamily solidarity are critical aspects of a Christian family ethics emanating from Latina/o theological anthropology and family practices. Interfamily solidarity, exemplified by the Latina/o family practice of extended communal family, emphasizes the integral dynamic between family solidarity and the common good. Intrafamily solidarity simultaneously critiques abusive dynamics in Latina/o families while asserting the necessary dialectic between individual and familial flourishing. This articulation of family solidarity asserts a robust role for extended communal families in fostering cooperation across difference in civic life.
7 citations
5 citations
TL;DR: The gas-phase reactions of F(-)(DMSO), F (-)(CH(3)CN), and F(6)H(6)) with t-butyl halides were investigated, and two stable isomers were identified.
Abstract: The gas-phase reactions of F–(DMSO), F–(CH3CN), and F–(C6H6) with t-butyl halides were investigated. Reaction rate constants, kinetic isotope effects, and product ion branching ratios were measured using the flowing afterglow selected ion flow tube technique (FA-SIFT). Additionally, the structure of F–(DMSO) was investigated both computationally and experimentally, and two stable isomers were identified. The reactions generally proceed by elimination mechanisms; however, the reaction of F–(C6H6) with t-butyl chloride occurs by a switching mechanism. These reactions are compared to previous studies of microsolvated reactions of t-butyl halides where the solvent molecules were polar, protic molecules.
5 citations
TL;DR: The interplay of relativistic corrections and classical beyond-the-weak-coupling contributions determines the sign of the leading nonlinear dissipation term in the Langevin equation and thus is qualitatively important.
Abstract: We address the problem of a microscopic derivation of the Langevin equation for a weakly relativistic Brownian particle. A noncovariant Hamiltonian model is adopted, in which the free motion of particles is described relativistically while their interaction is treated classically, i.e., by means of action-to-a-distance interaction potentials. Relativistic corrections to the classical Langevin equation emerge as nonlinear dissipation terms and originate from the nonlinear dependence of the relativistic velocity on momentum. On the other hand, similar nonlinear dissipation forces also appear as classical (nonrelativistic) corrections to the weak-coupling approximation. It is shown that these classical corrections, which are usually ignored in phenomenological models, may be of the same order of magnitude, if not larger than, relativistic ones. The interplay of relativistic corrections and classical beyond-the-weak-coupling contributions determines the sign of the leading nonlinear dissipation term in the Langevin equation and thus is qualitatively important.
TL;DR: In this article, an autonomous isothermal Brownian motor with an internal propulsion mechanism is considered, where the motor is a Brownian particle which is semi-transparent for molecules of surrounding ideal gas, and molecular passage through the particle is controlled by a potential similar to that in the transition rate theory.
TL;DR: I investigated whether morphs common in British Columbia showed consistent differences in size or depth of occurrence of Diaulula sandiegensis, finding at least two common forms, though each shows variation in characters.
Abstract: Diaulula sandiegensis (Cooper, 1863) has long been known to vary in dorsal coloration, with a ground color ranging from cream to dark brown, overlain by either rings or irregular blotches (Behrens, 1991; Smith & Carlton, 1975). Some morphs previously considered to be separate species (Diaulula sp. 1, Doris s. l.) have recently been combined into D. sandiegensis (Behrens & Valdes, 2001; Behrens, 2004). However, other morphs may actually be separate species (Dayrat, 2010). I investigated whether morphs common in British Columbia showed consistent differences in size or depth of occurrence. There are at least two common forms, though each shows variation in characters, and some individuals are ambiguous in their markings (Table 1, Fig. 1). The “ring” form has few brown rings symmetrically distributed and offset from the midline, typically on a light background (Fig. 1A). These rings may be complete or broken and relatively light or dark. The “spotted” form has multiple, irregular, dark patches similar to leopard spots in that they are surrounded by a ring of different (in this case, lighter) value, and they often grade into this color towards the center. These spots are often asymmetrically MALACOLOGIA, 2013, 56(1 2): 351 354
31 May 2013
TL;DR: The authors examines the phenomenon of anti-Semitism in the Muslim world, shedding light on one component of the Islamic tradition, namely, the Sirat Rasul Allah, or The Life of the Prophet of God by Ibn Ishaq (d.767 CE).
Abstract: This paper examines the phenomenon of anti-Semitism in the Muslim world, shedding light on one component of the Islamic tradition, namely, the earliest extant biography of the Prophet Muhammad, the Sirat Rasul Allah, or The Life of the Prophet of God by Ibn Ishaq (d.767 CE.)
TL;DR: The topological entropy of a (directed or undirected) graph and its labelings are defined in a way that is analogous to the definition ofTopological entropy for a shift space in symbolic dynamics.
Abstract: A labeling of a graph is a function from the vertex set of the graph to some finite set. Certain dynamical systems (such as topological Markov shifts) can be defined by directed graphs. In these instances, a labeling of the graph defines a continuous, shift-commuting factor of the dynamical system. We find sufficient conditions on the labeling to imply classification results for the factor dynamical system. We define the topological entropy of a (directed or undirected) graph and its labelings in a way that is analogous to the definition of topological entropy for a shift space in symbolic dynamics. We show, for example, if $G$ is a perfect graph, all proper $\chi(G)$-colorings of $G$ have the same entropy, where $\chi(G)$ is the chromatic number of $G$.
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide a step-by-step instructional account of the Black-Scholes model that can be used directly in the classroom to introduce stochastic calculus, arbitrage-free valuation, and option-pricing theory.
Abstract: The application of options pricing theory to value irreversible investment decisions has witnessed a marked increase over the last decade. For instructional and simplified applications, the Black-Scholes model is commonly demonstrated due to its tractability and acceptance in the finance community. This paper provides a detailed mathematical exposition of the Black-Scholes model. The main contribution of this paper is the step-by-step instructional account of the Black-Scholes model that can be used directly in the classroom to introduce stochastic calculus, arbitrage-free valuation, and option-pricing theory. In contrast with most Black-Scholes derivations found in the pedagogical literature, this paper develops the fair option price from an economic equilibrium perspective. Through this approach, it is hoped the reader will comprehend both the mathematics and economics underlying option pricing theory, as both are equally important.
TL;DR: This article investigated the existence of a second dimension of state policy ideology orthogonal to the traditional left-right dimension: civil libertarianism-communitarianism and found that voter attitudes toward nonviolent acts that are sometimes crimes, particularly weapons and drugs offenses, are in part distinct from their liberal or conservative ideologies, and cause systematic variation in states' policies toward these acts.
Abstract: This paper investigates the existence of a second dimension of state policy ideology orthogonal to the traditional left-right dimension: civil libertarianism-communitarianism. It argues that voter attitudes toward nonviolent acts that are sometimes crimes, particularly weapons and drugs offenses, are in part distinct from their liberal or conservative ideologies, and cause systematic variation in states' policies toward these acts. The hypotheses are tested with a structural equation model of state policies that combines "confirmatory factor analysis'' with linear regression. The existence of a second dimension of state policy essentially uncorrelated with left-right ideology and loading onto gun control, marijuana, and other criminal justice policies is confirmed. Moreover, this dimension of policy ideology relates in the expected fashion to urbanization and the strength of ideological libertarianism in the state electorate. The results suggest that the libertarian-communitarian divide represents an enduring dimension of policy-making in the United States.