Saint Francis University

About: Saint Francis University is a education organization based out in Loretto, Pennsylvania, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Osteoblast. The organization has 1694 authors who have published 2038 publications receiving 87149 citations.

Zika Virus: Relevance to the State of Hawai'i.

Abstract: Zika virus (ZIKV) is spread among human populations primarily through the bite of Aedes mosquitoes. While most ZIKV infections are asymptomatic or cause self-limited symptoms, the major concerns are its association with Guillain-Barre Syndrome and fetal microcephaly together with other birth defects, known as congenital Zika syndrome (CZS). This article reviews the confirmed Zika cases in the continental United States (U.S.) and Hawai'i thus far, as well as literature of Zika research relevant to Hawai'i. The first case of CZS within the U.S. was reported in Hawai'i, highlighting the unique position of Hawai'i for emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases. Recent studies of the Zika outbreak in Florida demonstrate the key role of Ae. aegypti mosquito in transmission; continuous and proactive vector surveillance in Hawai'i is warranted. Additionally, an updated interim pregnancy guidance for pregnant women with possible ZIKV exposure was summarized. Due to recent decline of ZIKV transmission in the Americas, the risk of ZIKV importation to Hawai'i has been greatly reduced. However, given the presence of Aedes mosquitoes, climate condition, and status of Hawai'i as a travel destination and foreign import market, public health officials and healthcare providers should remain vigilant for a potential outbreak of mosquito-borne diseases in the future.

Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy

Abstract: Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube placement is a relatively new procedure that is commonly performed at the bedside in critically ill patients requiring long-term enteral access. Often utilized in cases of trauma, brain injury, or chronic illness, it is a much safer alternative for enteral feeding than the previously prescribed open surgical gastrostomy tube and superior to long-term use of a nasogastric tube. This procedure can be performed at the bedside, often in the intensive care unit (ICU), and requires at least two proceduralists. This positions the advanced care practitioner (ACP) working in the ICU as the ideal candidate to function in either the endoscopist or the operator role. Complication rates of the procedure are overall low and can be associated with either the endoscopy or the placement of the tube itself. With proper patient selection, education, and experience, beside PEG placement can be safely performed in ICUs making it a popular alternative to open gastrostomy tube when long-term enteral feeds are prescribed.