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Showing papers by "Saint Louis University published in 1984"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The present investigation assessed whether scores on the index could discriminate between two groups of patients with chronic low back pain designated on the basis of external criteria as either highly or minimally disabled.
Abstract: The Pain Disability Index was designed to measure the extent to which chronic pain interferes with a person's ability to engage in various life activities (Pollard, 1981). For each of seven categories of life activity (Family/Home Responsibility, Recreation, Social Activity, Occupation, Sexual Behavior, Selfcare, and Life Support Activity), patients are asked to rate their level of disability on a graphic rating scale ranging from 0 (-no disability) to 10 (total disability). An over-all disability score is determined by summing the numerical ratings of the seven categories of life activity (range = 0 to 70). The present investigation assessed whether scores on the index could discriminate between two groups of patients with chronic ( 6 mo. or longer) low back pain designated on the basis of external criteria as either highly or minimally disabled. Nine post-surgical patients with low back pain completed the index within 1 wk. after discharge from the hospital; they were designated as the group with high disability. Their scores were compared with those of nine patients classified as low disability; people who reported chronic low back pain but had been working full-time for a minimum of one year and had not sought professional treatment for chronic pain for at least six months. Three women and five men were in each group. The groups were matched by age (range = 22 to 70 yr.). The mean number of years of education was 14.33 (range = 10 to 20 yr.) in the high-disability group and 14.67 (range = 13 to 17 yr.) in the low-disability group. Mean scores on the index for the groups of high and low disability were 48.89 (SD = 14.1; range = 22 to 66) and 16.78 (SD = 10.29; range = 3 to 34), respectively. The obtained 32-point difference between the means of the two groups was statistically significant ( t = 5.52, p < .001) and provides preliminary support for the validity of the index. However, the generalizability of the results of this pilot study cannot be determined until additional research with larger numbers of subjects has been conducted. In addition, further assessment of the ability of this index in making finer distinctions between groups of patients at various levels of disability is needed.

688 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Dec 1984-Cell
TL;DR: Complementation analyses show that Lec2 mutants belong to the same genetic complementation group as clone 1021, a CHO mutant of similar phenotype, and it seems likely that the primary defect in Lec1 and 1021 cells is their inability to translocate CMP-sialic acid across Golgi vesicle membranes.

262 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results suggest that both spontaneous activity and sensitivity to DA agonists may be determined by the density (or sensitivity) of DA autoreceptors on A10 DA neurons.

202 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results suggest that inflammatory myocarditis may be more common than previously suspected and add evidence that there may be ongoing inflammation in many cases of congestive cardiomyopathy.

199 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is suggested that the ability of chronic AMP treatment to decrease the auto-regulatory ability of A10 DA neurons may be related to the phenomena of behavioral sensitization and AMP psychosis.

187 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Dec 1984-Cell
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that constitutive c-myc expression leads to tumorigenicity in immortalized cell lines.

184 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is speculated that loss of vascularization and intense inflammation may have an important effect on epithelial differentiation.

178 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Dec 1984-Cell
TL;DR: Self-splicing of cob intron 1, including precise cleavage and ligation, was confirmed using an in vitro transcript synthesized from the SP6 promoter, and the in vitro splicing reaction was shown to be analogous to that for the Tetrahymena nuclear rRNA intron.

166 citations



Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that cannabinoid and nantradol compounds decrease cyclic AMP accumulation in neuronally derived cells, and that this results from an inhibition of basal and hormone-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity.

147 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Dec 1984-Blood
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that RBCs enhance PAG induced by well-defined, low-intensity, uniform, laminar shear stress.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Local microiontophoretic administration of cholecystokinin octapeptide increased the firing rates of neurons in the dorsomedial nucleus accumbens (NAc), but exerted little to no effect on lateral NAc neurons.

Journal ArticleDOI
15 May 1984-Cancer
TL;DR: A review of the files of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology yielded 21 cases of primary salivary gland sebaceous tumors as mentioned in this paper, five were sebamide adenomas, nine sebatical lymphadenomas, 5 sebace carcinomas, and 2 sebacea lymphadenocarcinomas.
Abstract: Primary sebaceous tumors of salivary glands are extremely rare, although sebaceous glands are commonly present in parotid and submandibular glands. A review of the files of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology yielded 21 cases of primary salivary gland sebaceous tumors. Five were sebaceous adenomas, 9 sebaceous lymphadenomas, 5 sebaceous carcinomas and 2 sebaceous lymphadenocarcinomas. Seventeen tumors were located in the parotid gland and one each in the submandibular gland, the minor salivary glands of buccal mucosa and in ectopic salivary gland tissue in a periparotid lymph node. Thirteen tumors occurred in males and six in females. The peak incidence for all the sebaceous tumors, occurred in the sixth and seventh decades. The influence of age, sex, race, clinical symptoms, and pathology on survival is reviewed for each tumor group. Our histopathologic observations strongly suggest that sebaceous lymphadenoma and sebaceous lymphadenocarcinoma arise from sebaceous glandular rests in a lymph node in a fashion similar to that of a Warthin tumor.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Sep 1984-Cell
TL;DR: The complete 3581 bp sequence of the mitochondrial plasmid from Neurospora crassa strain Mauriceville-1c is determined and suggests that it is related to Group I mtDNA introns.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The effects of the predisposing, enabling, and need characteristics on the volume of physician and hospital utilization and the significance of the regression coefficients and the magnitude of the R2 values were examined and their implications are discussed.
Abstract: Data on 15,899 noninstitutionalized, elderly adults taken from the 1978 Health Interview Survey were used to assess the effects of the predisposing, enabling, and need characteristics on the volume of physician and hospital utilization. These were measured three ways: the actual number of visits (nights), and truncated and logarithmic transformations of that actual volume. Multiple regression analyses explain 3.9% to 21.3% of the variance in physician utilization and 5.1% to 9.4% of the variance in hospital utilization. The unique contributions of the need characteristics account for 56.8% to 66.7% of the variance explained in physician utilization and 74.5% to 77.7% of the variance explained in hospital utilization, suggesting an apparently equitable system is operative in elderly adults' use of health services. The effects of the three methods of coding physician and hospital utilization on the significance of the regression coefficients and the magnitude of the R2 values were examined and their implications are discussed.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Excess analogue concentration under microtubule-promoting conditions induces an abnormal cooperative polymerization of tubulin, similar to that of the tubulin-colchicine complex.
Abstract: The interaction of tubulin with simple analogues of colchicine that contain both its tropolone and trimethoxyphenyl rings has been characterized, and the results were analyzed in terms of the simple bifunctional ligand model developed for the binding of colchicine [ Andreu , J. M., & Timasheff , S. N. (1982) Biochemistry 21, 534-543] on the basis of interactions of tubulin with single-ring analogues. The compound 2-methoxy-5-(2,3,4-trimethoxyphenyl)-2,4,6- cycloheptatrien -1-one has been found to bind reversibly to 0.86 +/- 0.06 site of purified calf brain tubulin with an equilibrium constant of (4.9 +/- 0.3) X 10(5) M-1 (25 degrees C), delta H degrees app = -1.6 +/- 0.7 kcal mol-1, and delta S degrees app = 20.5 +/- 2.5 eu. The binding appears specific for the colchicine site. The closely related compound 2-methoxy-5-[[3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-propionyl]amino] -2,4,6- cycloheptatrien -1-one interacts weakly with tubulin. Binding of the first analogue is accompanied by ligand fluorescence appearance, quenching of protein fluorescence, perturbation of the far-ultraviolet circular dichroism of tubulin, and induction of the tubulin GTPase activity, similarly to colchicine binding. Substoichiometric concentrations of the analogue inhibit microtubule assembly in vitro. Excess analogue concentration under microtubule-promoting conditions induces an abnormal cooperative polymerization of tubulin, similar to that of the tubulin-colchicine complex.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Mar 1984-Cell
TL;DR: Nuclear mutants of Neurospora that are defective in splicing the mitochondrial large rRNA and that accumulate unspliced pre-rRNA (35S RNA) and cyt-4 mutants also accumulate a "short" intron RNA and small exon RNAs that may reflect aberrant RNA cleavages.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In conclusion, chronotropic incompetence is a relatively infrequent occurrence in an exercise test population; however, this finding, when present, is relatively specific for CAD, and may be useful in detecting patients with CAD who have an indeterminate exercise test.
Abstract: Chronotropic incompetence has been found to be an important predictor of obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD). However, few data define the normal heart rate response to progressive exercise and allow a clear definition of chronotropic incompetence. In this study, 312 patients who underwent an exercise stress test and coronary angiography were evaluated. The exercise heart rates of 140 normal subjects were used to define the normal mean heart rate at progressive work loads. Two standard deviations of the mean were chosen to represent a normal response at various levels of exercise. Analysis of the exercise heart rates in 172 patients who had CAD revealed 16 patients who had a peak exercise heart rate below 2 standard deviations of the mean. Of the 16 patients, 5 had 1-vessel, 5 had 2-vessel and 6 had 3-vessel CAD. Of 65 patients who had no significant ST-segment shift and who did not reach 85% of age-predicted heart rate, 13 (20%) had an inappropriately low heart rate for the work load performed. Each of the 13 patients had CAD. Of the 172 patients with CAD, those with chronotropic incompetence exercised further than the patients who did not have chronotropic incompetence (9.4 +/- 2.1 vs 7.0 +/- 3.4 METs, p less than 0.01). In conclusion, chronotropic incompetence is a relatively infrequent occurrence in an exercise test population; however, this finding, when present, is relatively specific for CAD, and may be useful in detecting patients with CAD who have an indeterminate exercise test.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In some patients coronary artery thrombosis plays an important role in the pathogenesis of unstable angina, and angiographic evidence of intracoronary thrombus is found.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jun 1984-Cell
TL;DR: Transcription of the c-myc coding strand was independent of the position of the translocation breakpoint, even when the heavy chain switch and constant regions were deleted, and abundance of RNA transcripts were found from the noncoding strand ofThe c- myc intron in most tumor lines.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is observed that the release of endogenous dopamine, induced by perfusion of a 55 mM K+-containing buffer in the nucleus accumbens, was Ca2+-dependent and confined to a local region, and that the sulphated form of cholecystokinin octapeptide, but not the unsulphated form, suppressed this stimulated release of dopamine in a concentration-dependent manner.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Specular microscopy revealed morphologic changes including deep stromal striae, intra- and extracellular "blackout" areas, and clustering of extremely small and large cells, and the possible relationship between endothelial hypoxia and structuralStromal changes are discussed.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Fluorescent dyes were used to determine if neurons in the feline subnucleus interpolaris of the spinal trigeminal nucleus project to more than one target via axon collaterals, and data suggest that independent populations of neuron in the subn DNA project to these targets.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Examination of the extent of brain tubulin heterogeneity in six vertebrate species commonly used in tubulin research using isoelectric focusing, two-dimensional electrophoresis, and peptide mapping procedures that provide higher resolution than previously available suggests that the populations of tubulin in all of these brains should have similar overall physical properties.
Abstract: We have examined the extent of brain tubulin heterogeneity in six vertebrate species commonly used in tubulin research (rat, calf, pig, chicken, human, and lamb) using isoelectric focusing, two-dimensional electrophoresis, and peptide mapping procedures that provide higher resolution than previously available. The extent of heterogeneity is extremely similar in all of these organisms, as judged by number, range of isoelectric points, and distribution of the isotubulins. A minimum of 6 alpha and 12 beta tubulins was resolved from all sources. Even the pattern of spots on two-dimensional peptide maps is remarkably similar. These similarities suggest that the populations of tubulin in all of these brains should have similar overall physical properties. It is particularly interesting that chicken, which has only four or five beta-tubulin genes, contains approximately 12 beta tubulins. Thus, post-translational modification must generate at least some of the tubulin heterogeneity. Mammalian species, which contain 15-20 tubulin DNA sequences, do not show any more tubulin protein heterogeneity than does chicken. This suggests that expression of only a small number of the mammalian genes may be required to generate the observed tubulin heterogeneity.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results indicate that the am+ character is not stably integrated into chromosomal DNA in any of the transformants tested, and recombinant plasmids containing the am+, can replicate autonomously in N. crassa, and stable integration of the am gene can be obtained under a variety of other conditions.
Abstract: We have characterized Neurospora crassa transformants obtained with plasmid pJR2, which consists of the Neurospora glutamate dehydrogenase (am) gene cloned in pUC8 and an am132 host strain which contains a deletion encompassing the cloned fragment. Every one of 33 transformants tested showed extreme meiotic instability: less than 1 or 2% am+ progeny were obtained in initial or successive backcrosses between am+ transformants and am132 or in intercrosses between am+ progeny. Furthermore, am+ progeny from backcrosses gave a high proportion of auxotrophic (am) mitotic segregants during vegetative growth. These results indicate that the am+ character is not stably integrated into chromosomal DNA in any of the transformants tested. Nuclear DNAs from six transformants were analyzed by Southern hybridization. All six transformants contained sequences homologous to pJR2. Four showed restriction fragments expected for unmodified pJR2, but most showed additional bands. Southern blots of undigested DNAs showed that the plasmid sequences are present predominantly in high-molecular-weight form (larger than 20 kilobases). Southern blots showed that auxotrophic (am) progeny from a backcross to am132 had lost restriction bands corresponding to free plasmid but retained additional bands, apparently integrated into chromosomal DNA in a nonfunctional manner. Considered together, these results are most reasonably interpreted as follows: recombinant plasmids containing the am+ gene can replicate autonomously in N. crassa, the free plasmids are present in oligomeric or modified form or both, and plasmid sequences also integrate at multiple sites in the deletion host but in a nonfunctional manner. An alternate interpretation--that tandem repeats of the plasmid are integrated into chromosomal DNA but eliminated during meiosis--cannot be completely excluded. However, stable integration of the am gene can be obtained under a variety of other conditions, viz., using the am gene cloned in a phage lambda vector (J. A. Kinsey and J. A. Rambosek, Mol. Cell. Biol. 4:117-122, 1984), using derivatives of pJR2, or using pJR2 to transform a frameshift mutant.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is suggested that the boundaries of the VA, VL and VM in the cat thalamus be defined on the basis of basal ganglia and cerebellar projection zones.
Abstract: Injections of 3H-leucine were made in the entopeduncular nucleus or dentate nucleus of the cerebellum in eight cats. The terminal projection zones of both pathways in the thalamus were studied using the sagittal plane and their relationships to one another as well as to cytoarchitectural boundaries of thalamic nuclei were compared. The data indicate that the territories controlled by the two projection systems are almost entirely segregated. The segregation is mainly along the antero-posterior axis as the main pallidal projection zone occupies the medio-ventral VA while the main dentate projection zone lies posterior to it in the VL. Furthermore, the dorsolateral part of the VA not occupied by pallidal projections receives dentate projections. In the VM, both afferent systems terminate in the lateral part of the nucleus with pallidal territory located anteriorly and dentate territory located posteriorly, again without overlap. As the delineations of nuclear subdivisions in the ventral thalamus of the cat have been a subject of some controversy, it is suggested that the boundaries of the VA, VL and VM in the cat thalamus be defined on the basis of basal ganglia and cerebellar projection zones.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Intermittent sampling of the atmosphere 3 days/week over a 12‐month period using Andersen samplers in Cardiff, Wales and St Louis, Missouri, U.S.A., indicated average A. fumigatus spore concentrations of 13.5/m3 in St Louis and 11.3 in Cardiff.
Abstract: Summary Intermittent sampling of the atmosphere 3 days/week over a 12-month period using Andersen samplers in Cardiff, Wales, U.K. and St Louis, Missouri, U.S.A., indicated average A. fumigatus spore concentrations of 13.5/m3 in St Louis and 11.3/m3 in Cardiff. Both sites showed seasonal variations with highest concentrations during winter.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Radioimmunoassay, immunocytochemistry, retrograde tracing of horseradish peroxidase and anterograde degeneration techniques were used to identify the source and topography of cholecystokinin-containing fibers innervating the hypothalamic ventromedial nucleus (VMN).

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A review of the literature in this disease is discussed as well as a new case of orbital malignant melanoma associated with it is also discussed in this paper, where a second case of presumed orbital melanoma is associated with oculodermal melanocytosis.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A technique in which two over-the-wire dilatation systems are positioned within the stenosed coronary artery and the side branch in jeopardy appears to provide an efficacious method to perform safe coronary angioplasty in selected patients with bifurcational lesions.
Abstract: To decrease the risk of iatrogenic side branch occlusion during coronary angioplasty of bifurcational lesions, we evaluated a technique in which two over-the-wire dilatation systems are positioned within the stenosed coronary artery and the side branch in jeopardy. The technique was used in eight patients undergoing angioplasty for a lesion in the left anterior descending or circumflex artery located near a large side branch. Successful dilatation of the major vessel lesion was achieved in all eight patients, and dilatation within the side branch was successful in all three patients whose lesion involved the side branch ostium. In one patient, dilatation within the major vessel led to partial closure of the side branch and the prepositioned guide wire facilitated prompt dilatation of the iatrogenic closure. There were no complications associated with use of the additional dilatation system. The technique appears to provide an efficacious method to perform safe coronary angioplasty in selected patients with bifurcational lesions.