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Institution

Saint Louis University

EducationSt Louis, Missouri, United States
About: Saint Louis University is a education organization based out in St Louis, Missouri, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 18927 authors who have published 34895 publications receiving 1267475 citations. The organization is also known as: SLU & St. Louis University.


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Journal ArticleDOI
01 Nov 1999-Peptides
TL;DR: It is shown that the transport rate of leptin across the blood-brain barrier is reduced about 2/3 in 12-month-old obese CD-1 mice, suggesting a new model for obesity in which a defect in the BBB transport of leptin into the CNS underlies the insensitivity to leptin and leads to obesity.

325 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The effects of solution variables on the in vitro reconstitution of calf brain tubulin, purified by the method of Weisenberg et al, resulted in the conclusion that the formation of a tubulin-tubulin contact involves the binding of one additional magnesium ion per tubulin dimer.
Abstract: The effects of solution variables on the in vitro reconstitution of calf brain tubulin, purified by the method of Weisenberg et al. (Weisenberg, R. C., Borisy, G. G., and Taylor, E. W. (1968), Biochemistry 7, 4466-4479; Weisenberg, R. C., and Timasheff, S. N. (1970), Biochemistry 9, 4110-4116), as modified by Lee et al. (Lee, J. C., Frigon, R. P., and Timasheff, S. N. (1973), J. Biol. Chem. 248, 7253-7262), were investigated at pH 7.0. Reconstitution of microtubules was successful in a variety of buffer systems, the free energy of the propagation step of microtubule formation being little dependent on the buffer. Microtubule formation is promoted by magnesium ions and guanosine triphosphate, but inhibited by calcium ions. The dependence of the apparent association constant for microtubule formation on ligand concentration was analyzed by the linked function theory of Wyman (Wyman, J. (1964), Adv. Protein Chem. 19, 224-286), leading to the conclusion that the formation of a tubulin-tubulin contact involves the binding of one additional magnesium ion per tubulin dimer. Microtubule formation is also accompanied by the apparent binding of one additional proton and the release of water molecules, as suggested by the thermodynamic parameters determined. The reaction is entropy driven with an apparent heat capacity change, deltaCp, of -1500 +/- 500 cal/deg-mol. The enhancement of tubulin reassembly by glycerol is most likely due to nonspecific protein-solvent general thermodynamic interactions.

324 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Gaps in current knowledge, practice, and research relating to prognostication, symptom management, and supportive care for advanced heart failure are identified and more research is needed to identify the content and technique of communicating prognosis and treatment options.

324 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Findings indicate that patients treated with repeated courses of rituximab have sustained clinical responses with no new adverse events.
Abstract: Objective To determine the safety and efficacy of additional courses of rituximab in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods An open-label extension analysis of RA patients previously treated with rituximab was conducted. Patients who had participated in any of 3 double-blind trials were eligible for additional courses (2 infusions of 1,000 mg given 2 weeks apart) if they exhibited a swollen joint count and tender joint count of ≥8 with ≥16 weeks elapsing after the previous course. Safety was assessed in patients receiving all or a portion of a rituximab course. Efficacy was assessed 24 weeks after each course, using the American College of Rheumatology 20% criteria for improvement (ACR20), ACR50, ACR70, European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) response criteria, Disease Activity Score in 28 joints, the disability index of the Health Assessment Questionnaire, and Short Form 36 scores, stratified according to prior tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitor exposure. Results A total of 1,039 patients received ≥1 course of rituximab. Of these, 570 received 2 courses, 191 received 3 courses, and 40 received 4 courses, for a total of 1,669 patient-years. Irrespective of prior TNF inhibitor exposure, ACR20 responses were comparable at week 24 after course 1 and at week 24 after course 2 (65% versus 72%), as were ACR50 and ACR70 responses. EULAR moderate/good responses were also comparable in course 2 relative to course 1 (88% versus 79%), with EULAR remission occurring in a 2-fold higher proportion of patients after course 2 than after course 1 (13% versus 6%). The most common adverse events, which were mild-to-moderate acute infusion-related events, decreased with each course. The serious infection rate after course 1 (5.1 per 100 patient-years) remained stable through additional courses. The proportion of patients with circulating IgM and IgG levels below the lower limit of normal (LLN) increased with subsequent courses; however, serious infection rates in these patients (5.6 per 100 patient-years in patients with low IgM levels and 4.8 per 100 patient-years in patients with low IgG levels were comparable with those in patients with immunoglobulin levels above the LLN (4.7 per 100 patient-years). Patients with human antichimeric antibody (9.2%) did not exhibit decreasing efficacy or present additional safety concerns. Conclusion These findings indicate that patients treated with repeated courses of rituximab have sustained clinical responses with no new adverse events.

324 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: To characterize the natural history of Alzheimer's Disease (AD); in particular, to determine the prevalence and time of onset of psychiatric symptoms.
Abstract: OBJECTIVE To characterize the natural history of Alzheimer's Disease (AD); in particular, to determine the prevalence and time of onset of psychiatric symptoms. DESIGN Retrospective medical records review. SETTING Regional brain bank operated by a university hospital. PARTICIPANTS One hundred randomly selected autopsy-confirmed AD patients. MEASUREMENTS The presence of psychiatric symptoms (e.g., anxiety, wandering, agitation) was documented, and the time of onset relative to diagnosis was measured. RESULTS Irritability, agitation, and aggression were documented in 81 patients (81%) an average of 10 months after diagnosis. A total of 72% of patients experienced depression, changes in mood, social withdrawal, and suicidal ideation more than 2 years before diagnosis (26.4 months). Hallucinations, paranoia, accusatory behavior, and delusions were documented around the time of diagnosis (0.1 months after diagnosis) in 45% of patients. Patients with early-onset disease, more years of formal education, and male gender experienced psychiatric symptoms later, relative to diagnosis, than their counterparts. CONCLUSIONS Psychiatric manifestations of depression may herald a diagnosis of AD, as such behaviors occurred more than 2 years before diagnosis, on average, in this cohort. Psychotic symptoms manifested around the time of diagnosis, perhaps even prompting diagnosis, whereas agitative symptoms occurred in the first year after diagnosis. The evolution of psychiatric symptoms in this cohort differed according to age at onset of disease, years of formal education, and gender.

324 citations


Authors

Showing all 19076 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Douglas G. Altman2531001680344
John E. Morley154137797021
Roberto Romero1511516108321
Daniel S. Berman141136386136
Gregory J. Gores14168666269
Thomas J. Smith1401775113919
Richard T. Lee13181062164
George K. Aghajanian12127748203
Reza Malekzadeh118900139272
Robert N. Weinreb117112459101
Leslee J. Shaw11680861598
Thomas J. Ryan11667567462
Josep M. Llovet11639983871
Robert V. Farese11547348754
Michael Horowitz11298246952
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202344
2022233
20211,618
20201,600
20191,457
20181,375