Institution
Saint Louis University
Education•St Louis, Missouri, United States•
About: Saint Louis University is a education organization based out in St Louis, Missouri, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 18927 authors who have published 34895 publications receiving 1267475 citations. The organization is also known as: SLU & St. Louis University.
Topics: Population, Poison control, Health care, Transplantation, Virus
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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Cornell University1, National University of Singapore2, University of New South Wales3, University of Lausanne4, University of Michigan5, Erasmus University Rotterdam6, Tel Aviv University7, University of Melbourne8, Singapore Management University9, University of Maryland, College Park10, University of Pennsylvania11, Eindhoven University of Technology12, Stanford University13, Concordia University14, London Business School15, Baylor University16, University College London17, California State University, Sacramento18, INSEAD19, Saint Louis University20, Nanyang Technological University21, University of Minnesota22, Harvard University23, University of Arkansas24, VU University Amsterdam25
TL;DR: A broad-scope overview provides an integrative approach for considering the implications of COVID-19 for work, workers, and organizations while also identifying issues for future research and insights to inform solutions.
Abstract: The impacts of COVID-19 on workers and workplaces across the globe have been dramatic. This broad review of prior research rooted in work and organizational psychology, and related fields, is intended to make sense of the implications for employees, teams, and work organizations. This review and preview of relevant literatures focuses on (a) emergent changes in work practices (e.g., working from home, virtual teamwork) and (b) emergent changes for workers (e.g., social distancing, stress, and unemployment). In addition, potential moderating factors (demographic characteristics, individual differences, and organizational norms) are examined given the likelihood that COVID-19 will generate disparate effects. This broad-scope overview provides an integrative approach for considering the implications of COVID-19 for work, workers, and organizations while also identifying issues for future research and insights to inform solutions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
654 citations
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TL;DR: A drop in temperature increased the caffeine-induced Ca release while procaine inhibited it and inhibited the rate of Ca uptake, which may in part account for the prolongation of the active state caused by caffeine.
Abstract: At concentrations between 1 to 10 mM, caffeine reduced the Ca-accumulating capacity of fragmented reticulum obtained from frog and rabbit muscle. With 8 mM caffeine enough Ca was released from frog reticulum to account for the force of the contracture. Caffeine did not affect all reticulum membranes equally. The fraction which was spun down at 2000 g was more sensitive than the lighter fractions. The percentage of the total accumulated Ca released by caffeine decreased with decreasing Ca content of the reticulum. In parallel with their known effects on the caffeine contracture, a drop in temperature increased the caffeine-induced Ca release while procaine inhibited it. Caffeine also inhibited the rate of Ca uptake, which may in part account for the prolongation of the active state caused by caffeine.
654 citations
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TL;DR: The studies show an important causal link between hypoxia, extracellular acidification, and induction or enhanced expression of these enzymes in human tumors and conclude that the cell surface transmembrane carbonic anhydrases CA IX and CA XII are overexpressed in many tumors suggesting that this is a common feature of cancer cells that may be required for tumor progression.
Abstract: An acidic extracellular pH is a fundamental property of the malignant phenotype. In von Hippel-Lindau (VHL)-defective tumors the cell surface transmembrane carbonic anhydrase (CA) CA9 and CA12 genes are overexpressed because of the absence of pVHL. We hypothesized that these enzymes might be involved in maintaining the extracellular acidic pH in tumors, thereby providing a conducive environment for tumor growth and spread. Using Northern blot analysis and immunostaining with specific antibodies we analyzed the expression of CA9 and CA12 genes and their products in a large sample of cancer cell lines, fresh and archival tumor specimens, and normal human tissues. Expression was also analyzed in cultured cells under hypoxic conditions. Expression of CA IX and CA XII in normal adult tissues was detected only in highly specialized cells and for most tissues their expression did not overlap. Analysis of RNA samples isolated from 87 cancer cell lines and 18 tumors revealed high-to-moderate levels of expression of CA9 and CA12 in multiple cancers. Immunohistochemistry revealed high-to-moderate expression of these enzymes in various normal tissues and multiple common epithelial tumor types. The immunostaining was seen predominantly on the cell surface membrane. The expression of both genes was markedly induced under hypoxic conditions in tumors and cultured tumor cells. We conclude that the cell surface trans-membrane carbonic anhydrases CA IX and CA XII are overexpressed in many tumors suggesting that this is a common feature of cancer cells that may be required for tumor progression. These enzymes may contribute to the tumor microenvironment by maintaining extracellular acidic pH and helping cancer cells grow and metastasize. Our studies show an important causal link between hypoxia, extracellular acidification, and induction or enhanced expression of these enzymes in human tumors.
648 citations
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TL;DR: Both income level and urban rural status were important predictors of adults’ likelihood to meet physical activity recommendations, and evidence of a positive dose-response relation emerged between number of places to exercise and likelihood to met recommendations for physical activity.
Abstract: Study objectives: Few studies have analysed the rates and correlates of physical activity in economically and geographically diverse populations. Objectives were to examine: (1) urban-rural differences in physical activity by several demographic, geographical, environmental, and psychosocial variables, (2) patterns in environmental and policy factors across urban-rural setting and socioeconomic groups, (3) socioeconomic differences in physical activity across the same set of variables, and (4) possible correlations of these patterns with meeting of physical activity recommendations.
Design: A cross sectional study with an over sampling of lower income adults was conducted in 1999–2000.
Setting: United States.
Participants: 1818 United States adults.
Main results: Lower income residents were less likely than higher income residents to meet physical activity recommendations. Rural residents were least likely to meet recommendations; suburban residents were most likely to meet recommendations. Suburban, higher income residents were more than twice as likely to meet recommendations than rural, lower income residents. Significant differences across income levels and urban/rural areas were found for those reporting neighbourhood streets, parks, and malls as places to exercise; fear of injury, being in poor health, or dislike as barriers to exercise and those reporting encouragement from relatives as social support for exercise. Evidence of a positive dose-response relation emerged between number of places to exercise and likelihood to meet recommendations for physical activity.
Conclusions: Both income level and urban rural status were important predictors of adults’ likelihood to meet physical activity recommendations. In addition, environmental variables vary in importance across socioeconomic status and urban-rural areas.
647 citations
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TL;DR: Twice-daily doses of ranolazine increased exercise capacity and provided additional antianginal relief to symptomatic patients with severe chronic angina taking standard doses of atenolol, amlodipine, or diltiazem, without evident adverse, long-term survival consequences.
Abstract: ContextMany patients with chronic angina experience anginal episodes despite
revascularization and antianginal medications. In a previous trial, antianginal
monotherapy with ranolazine, a drug believed to partially inhibit fatty acid
oxidation, increased treadmill exercise performance; however, its long-term
efficacy and safety have not been studied in combination with β-blockers
or calcium antagonists in a large patient population with severe chronic angina.ObjectivesTo determine whether, at trough levels, ranolazine improves the total
exercise time of patients who have symptoms of chronic angina and who experience
angina and ischemia at low workloads despite taking standard doses of atenolol,
amlodipine, or diltiazem and to determine times to angina onset and to electrocardiographic
evidence of myocardial ischemia, effect on angina attacks and nitroglycerin
use, and effect on long-term survival in an open-label observational study
extension.Design, Setting, and PatientsA randomized, 3-group parallel, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
of 823 eligible adults with symptomatic chronic angina who were randomly assigned
to receive placebo or 1 of 2 doses of ranolazine. Patients treated at the
118 participating ambulatory outpatient settings in several countries were
enrolled in the Combination Assessment of Ranolazine In Stable Angina (CARISA)
trial from July 1999 to August 2001 and followed up through October 31, 2002.InterventionPatients received twice-daily placebo or 750 mg or 1000 mg of ranolazine.
Treadmill exercise 12 hours (trough) and 4 hours (peak) after dosing was assessed
after 2, 6 (trough only), and 12 weeks of treatment.Main Outcome MeasuresChange in exercise duration, time to onset of angina, time to onset
of ischemia, nitroglycerin use, and number of angina attacks.ResultsTrough exercise duration increased by 115.6 seconds from baseline in
both ranolazine groups (pooled) vs 91.7 seconds in the placebo group (P = .01). The times to angina and to electrocardiographic
ischemia also increased in the ranolazine groups, at peak more than at trough.
The increases did not depend on changes in blood pressure, heart rate, or
background antianginal therapy and persisted throughout 12 weeks. Ranolazine
reduced angina attacks and nitroglycerin use by about 1 per week vs placebo
(P<.02). Survival of 750 patients taking ranolazine
during the CARISA trial or its associated long-term open-label study was 98.4%
in the first year and 95.9% in the second year.ConclusionTwice-daily doses of ranolazine increased exercise capacity and provided
additional antianginal relief to symptomatic patients with severe chronic
angina taking standard doses of atenolol, amlodipine, or diltiazem, without
evident adverse, long-term survival consequences over 1 to 2 years of therapy.
647 citations
Authors
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Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Douglas G. Altman | 253 | 1001 | 680344 |
John E. Morley | 154 | 1377 | 97021 |
Roberto Romero | 151 | 1516 | 108321 |
Daniel S. Berman | 141 | 1363 | 86136 |
Gregory J. Gores | 141 | 686 | 66269 |
Thomas J. Smith | 140 | 1775 | 113919 |
Richard T. Lee | 131 | 810 | 62164 |
George K. Aghajanian | 121 | 277 | 48203 |
Reza Malekzadeh | 118 | 900 | 139272 |
Robert N. Weinreb | 117 | 1124 | 59101 |
Leslee J. Shaw | 116 | 808 | 61598 |
Thomas J. Ryan | 116 | 675 | 67462 |
Josep M. Llovet | 116 | 399 | 83871 |
Robert V. Farese | 115 | 473 | 48754 |
Michael Horowitz | 112 | 982 | 46952 |