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Institution

San Diego State University

EducationSan Diego, California, United States
About: San Diego State University is a education organization based out in San Diego, California, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 12418 authors who have published 27950 publications receiving 1192375 citations. The organization is also known as: SDSU & San Diego State College.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Despite devoting twice as many minutes per week to physical education as Controls, the health-related physical education program did not interfere with academic achievement and may have favorable effects on students' academic achievement.
Abstract: The effects of a 2-year health-related school physical education program on standardized academic achievement scores was assessed in 759 children who completed Metropolitan Achievement Tests before and after the program. Schools were randomly assigned to condition: (a) Specialists taught the Sports, Play, and Active Recreation for Kids curriculum; (b) classroom teachers were trained to implement the curriculum; and (c) controls continued their usual programs. The Trained Teacher condition was superior to Control on Language, Reading, and Basic Battery. The Specialist condition was superior to Control on Reading, but inferior on Language. Despite devoting twice as many minutes per week to physical education as Controls, the health-related physical education program did not interfere with academic achievement. Health-related physical education may have favorable effects on students' academic achievement.

541 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Black' self-esteem increased over time relative to Whites', with the Black advantage not appearing until the 1980s, and Black and HispanicSelf-esteem was higher in groups with high socioeconomic status, most consistent with a cultural interpretation of racial differences in self- esteem.
Abstract: These meta-analyses examine race differences in self-esteem among 712 datapoints. Blacks scored higher than Whites on self-esteem measures (d = 0.19), but Whites scored higher than other racial minority groups, including Hispanics (d = -0.09), Asians (d = -0.30), and American Indians (d = -0.21). Most of these differences were smallest in childhood and grew larger with age. Blacks' self-esteem increased over time relative to Whites', with the Black advantage not appearing until the 1980s. Black and Hispanic samples scored higher on measures without an academic self-esteem subscale. Relative to Whites, minority males had lower self-esteem than did minority females, and Black and Hispanic self-esteem was higher in groups with high socioeconomic status. The results are most consistent with a cultural interpretation of racial differences in self-esteem.

540 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Group IPT is a viable alternative to group CBT for the treatment of overweight patients with BED and both treatments showed initial and long-term efficacy for the core and related symptoms of BED.
Abstract: Background: Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) has documented efficacy for the treatment of bingeeating disorder (BED). Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) has been shown to reduce binge eating but its long-term impact and time course on other BEDrelated symptoms remain largely unknown. This study compares the effects of group CBT and group IPT across BED-related symptoms among overweight individuals with BED. Methods: One hundred sixty-two overweight patients meeting DSM-IV criteria for BED were randomly assigned to 20 weekly sessions of either group CBT or group IPT. Assessments of binge eating and associated eating disorder psychopathology, general psychological functioning, and weight occurred before treatment, at posttreatment, and at 4-month intervals up to 12 months following treatment. Results: Binge-eating recovery rates were equivalent for CBT and IPT at posttreatment (64 [79%] of 81 vs 59 [73%] of 81) and at 1-year follow-up (48 [59%] of 81 vs 50 [62%] of 81). Binge eating increased slightly through follow-up but remained significantly below pretreatment levels. Across treatments, patients had similar significant reductions in associated eating disorders and psychiatric symptoms and maintenance of gains through followup. Dietary restraint decreased more quickly in CBT but IPT had equivalent levels by later follow-ups. Patients’ relative weight decreased significantly but only slightly, with the greatest reduction among patients sustaining recovery from binge eating from posttreatment to 1-year follow-up. Conclusions: Group IPT is a viable alternative to group CBT for the treatment of overweight patients with BED. Although lacking a nonspecific control condition limits conclusions about treatment specificity, both treatments showed initial and long-term efficacy for the core and related symptoms of BED. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2002;59:713-721

539 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
26 Jun 2018
TL;DR: The utility of the living data resource and cross-cohort comparison is demonstrated to confirm existing associations between the microbiome and psychiatric illness and to reveal the extent of microbiome change within one individual during surgery, providing a paradigm for open microbiome research and education.
Abstract: Although much work has linked the human microbiome to specific phenotypes and lifestyle variables, data from different projects have been challenging to integrate and the extent of microbial and molecular diversity in human stool remains unknown. Using standardized protocols from the Earth Microbiome Project and sample contributions from over 10,000 citizen-scientists, together with an open research network, we compare human microbiome specimens primarily from the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia to one another and to environmental samples. Our results show an unexpected range of beta-diversity in human stool microbiomes compared to environmental samples; demonstrate the utility of procedures for removing the effects of overgrowth during room-temperature shipping for revealing phenotype correlations; uncover new molecules and kinds of molecular communities in the human stool metabolome; and examine emergent associations among the microbiome, metabolome, and the diversity of plants that are consumed (rather than relying on reductive categorical variables such as veganism, which have little or no explanatory power). We also demonstrate the utility of the living data resource and cross-cohort comparison to confirm existing associations between the microbiome and psychiatric illness and to reveal the extent of microbiome change within one individual during surgery, providing a paradigm for open microbiome research and education. IMPORTANCE We show that a citizen science, self-selected cohort shipping samples through the mail at room temperature recaptures many known microbiome results from clinically collected cohorts and reveals new ones. Of particular interest is integrating n = 1 study data with the population data, showing that the extent of microbiome change after events such as surgery can exceed differences between distinct environmental biomes, and the effect of diverse plants in the diet, which we confirm with untargeted metabolomics on hundreds of samples.

538 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The authors used a 2 (transformational vs transactional leadership) × 2 (real vs nominal group) experiment to examine the effect of different leadership styles and brainstorming conditions on group members' divergent thinking.
Abstract: This study used a 2 (transformational vs. transactional leadership) × 2 (real vs. nominal group) experiment to examine the effect of different leadership styles and brainstorming conditions on group members' divergent thinking. Participants performed a brainstorming task, and their performance was assessed using fluency and flexibility. Results clearly supported the hypotheses in that the participants in the transformational leadership condition and in the nominal group condition outperformed their counterparts in the transactional leadership condition and in the real group condition. This pattern was consistent across the 2 measures of creativity.

537 citations


Authors

Showing all 12533 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
David R. Williams1782034138789
James F. Sallis169825144836
Steven Williams144137586712
Larry R. Squire14347285306
Murray B. Stein12874589513
Robert Edwards12177574552
Roberto Kolter12031552942
Jack E. Dixon11540847201
Sonia Ancoli-Israel11552046045
John D. Lambris11465148203
Igor Grant11379155147
Kenneth H. Nealson10848351100
Mark Westoby10831659095
Eric Courchesne10724041200
Marc A. Schuckit10664343484
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202345
2022168
20211,595
20201,535
20191,454
20181,262