San Diego State University

About: San Diego State University is a education organization based out in San Diego, California, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 12418 authors who have published 27950 publications receiving 1192375 citations. The organization is also known as: SDSU & San Diego State College.

Neuropsychiatric aspects of Huntington's disease

Abstract: OBJECTIVE Neuropsychiatric symptoms are common in Huntington9s disease and have been considered its presenting manifestation. Research characterising these symptoms in Huntington9s disease is variable, however, encumbered by limitations within and across studies. Gaining a better understanding of neuropsychiatric symptoms is essential, as these symptoms have implications for disease management, prognosis, and quality of life for patients and caregivers. METHOD Fifty two patients with Huntington9s disease were administered standardised measures of cognition, psychiatric symptoms, and motor abnormalities. Patient caregivers were administered the neuropsychiatric inventory. RESULTS Ninety eight per cent of the patients exhibited neuropsychiatric symptoms, the most prevalent being dysphoria, agitation, irritability, apathy, and anxiety. Symptoms ranged from mild to severe and were unrelated to dementia and chorea. CONCLUSIONS Neuropsychiatric symptoms are prevalent in Huntington9s disease and are relatively independent of cognitive and motor aspects of the disease. Hypothesised links between neuropsychiatric symptoms of Huntington9s disease and frontal-striatal circuitry were explored. Findings indicate that dimensional measures of neuropsychiatric symptoms are essential to capture the full range of pathology in Huntington9s disease and are vital to include in a comprehensive assessment of the disease.

Towards understanding the direct and indirect effects of CEOs' transformational leadership on firm innovation

Abstract: This study seeks to advance understanding of how transformational leadership by top managers (CEOs) can affect their companies' innovativeness. We propose a model that includes both direct effects and indirect effects moderated by aspects of organizational culture, structure, and the external environment. The predicted effects are tested with data collected through multiple sources on 50 Taiwanese electronics and telecommunications companies. The results support the expectation that a positive relationship exists between CEO transformational leadership and organizational innovation. They also support most of the predicted moderating effects. The implications of these findings for practice and research are delineated.

Age and Birth Cohort Differences in Self-Esteem: A Cross-Temporal Meta-Analysis

Abstract: A meta-analytic review finds that college students' self-esteem increased substantially between 1968 and 1994 when measured using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE). Children's scores on the Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory (SEI) show a curvilinear pattern over time, decreasing from 1965 to 1979 and increasing from 1980 to 1993. Children's SEI scores are directly correlated with social statistics (e.g., divorce rate, unemployment) for the corresponding years. Analyses for age differences find that SEI scores decrease slightly during the transition from elementary school to junior high and then rise progressively through high school and college. RSE scores increase steadily with age. Results are discussed in terms of the antecedents of self-esteem, including social acceptance, competencies, and the culture of self-worth.

Pressure induced superconductivity in CaFe2As2.

Abstract: ${\mathrm{CaFe}}_{2}{\mathrm{As}}_{2}$ has been found to be exceptionally sensitive to the application of hydrostatic pressure and can be tuned to reveal all the salient features associated with FeAs superconductivity without introducing any disorder. The ambient pressure, 170 K, structural/magnetic, first-order phase transition is suppressed to 128 K by 3.5 kbar. At 5.5 kbar a new transition is detected at 104 K, increasing to above 300 K by 19 kbar. A low temperature, superconducting dome (${T}_{c}\ensuremath{\sim}12\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{K}$) is centered around 5 kbar, extending down to 2.3 kbar and up to 8.6 kbar. This superconducting phase appears to exist when the low pressure transition is suppressed sufficiently, but before the high pressure transition has reduced the resistivity too dramatically.

Constructing the Spatial Weights Matrix Using a Local Statistic

Abstract: Spatial weights matrices are necessary elements in most regression models where a representation of spatial structure is needed. We construct a spatial weights matrix, W, based on the principle that spatial structure should be considered in a two-part framework, those units that evoke a distance effect, and those that do not. Our two-variable local statistics model (LSM) is based on the G i * local statistic. The local statistic concept depends on the designation of a critical distance, d c , defined as the distance beyond which no discernible increase in clustering of high or low values exists. In a series of simulation experiments LSM is compared to well-known spatial weights matrix specifications – two different contiguity configurations, three different inverse distance formulations, and three semi-variance models. The simulation experiments are carried out on a random spatial pattern and two types of spatial clustering patterns. The LSM performed best according to the Akaike Information Criterion, a spatial autoregressive coefficient evaluation, and Moran’s I tests on residuals. The flexibility inherent in the LSM allows for its favorable performance when compared to the rigidity of the global models.