San Francisco State University

About: San Francisco State University is a education organization based out in San Francisco, California, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Planet. The organization has 5669 authors who have published 11433 publications receiving 408075 citations. The organization is also known as: San Francisco State & San Francisco State Normal School.

Constraining the difference in convective blueshift between the components of alpha Centauri with precise radial velocities

Abstract: New radial velocities of Cen A & B obtained in the framework the Anglo-Australian Planet Search programme as well as in the CORALIE programme are added to those by Endl et al. (2001) to improve the pre- cision of the orbital parameters. The resulting masses are 1:105 0:0070 M and 0:934 0:0061 M for A and B respectively. The factors limiting how accurately these masses can be derived from a combined visual-spectroscopic solution are investigated. The total eect of the convective blueshift and the gravitational redshift is also inves- tigated and estimated to dier by 215 8m s 1 between the components. This suggests that the dierence in convective blueshift between the components is much smaller than predicted from current hydrodynamical model atmosphere calculations.

Language development, metalinguistic awareness, and emergent literacy skills of 3-year-old children in relation to social class

Abstract: This is an investigation of the relationships among selected aspects of normal language development, emerging metalinguistic skills, concepts about print, and family literacy experiences in 3-year-old children who vary in their socioeconomic backgrounds. Forty-three normally developing children, whose family incomes ranged from under 100,000, were given 4 tests of language development; 12 metalinguistic tasks measuring phonological awareness, word awareness, and structural awareness; and 2 measures of literacy knowledge. The children's family literacy experiences were described following a parent interview. The data analysis had two main purposes. The first was to examine the family literacy experiences of the children using a qualitative analysis. The second was to describe, in a quantitative way, the relationships among family literacy experiences, socioeconomic factors, language development, metalinguistic performance, and concepts about print. The interview data revealed that, while parents varied in the emphasis they placed on literacy activities, all of the children were at least somewhat involved in literacy activities at home; family report of literacy activities was associated with family income. Quantitative analyses revealed that amount of family literacy involvement and the children's race were related to oral language development, and language development was the most powerful predictor of metalinguistic awareness. When language development was controlled statistically, family literacy and socioeconomic factors had negligible effects on metalinguistic skills; however, knowledge of print concepts was related to metalinguistic performance, especially in the phonological domain, and was associated with the children's family literacy experiences, maternal education, and race.

Tomales bay metabolism: CNP stoichiometry and ecosystem heterotrophy at the land-sea interface

Abstract: Bays and estuaries receive inputs from the adjacent land and exchange materials with the coastal ocean Net system metabolism records the role of such land-sea interface ecosystems in altering the chemical state of essential plant nutrients Water and salt budgets have been constructed for Tomales Bay, California, in order to estimate water advective and mixing exchange rates between the bay and coastal ocean over 2 years Net non-conservative fluxes of dissolved P, N and C were calculated The bay is a net source for dissolved P, C and total alkalinity, and is a net sink for dissolved fixed N Stoichiometric analysis can be used to interpret the non-conservative nutrient fluxes The dissolved P source is interpreted to be the result of net oxidation of approximately 10 mmol organic C m−2 day−1 CO2 released by this oxidation largely escapes to the atmosphere This net respiration is about 12% of the total system respiration Most dissolved inorganic N liberated during the oxidation is not exported hydrographically; rather, the bay is a net sink of dissolved fixed N This N is assumed to be lost from the water via denitrification (3·2 mmol m−2 day−1) Sulphate reduction (5·1 mmol m−2 day−1) is also an important component of respiration in this system Denitrification is a minor component of gross C metabolism, but is the major sink of N in this system The organic matter driving this net heterotrophy may be of either terrestrial or marine origin